Bolivian general election, 1979
Encyclopedia
Bolivia
Bolivia
Bolivia officially known as Plurinational State of Bolivia , is a landlocked country in central South America. It is the poorest country in South America...

 held a general election on 1 July 1979, electing both a new President of the Republic
President of Bolivia
The President of Bolivia is head of state and head of government of Bolivia. According to the current Constitution, the president is elected by popular vote to a five year term, renewable once...

 and a new National Congress, 1979–1980.

Presidential election results

Presidential candidates Candidates for Vice President Party/Alliance Votes %
Hernán Siles Zuazo
Hernán Siles Zuazo
Hernán Siles Zuazo was a politician from Bolivia. He served as his country's constitutionally elected president twice, from 1956 to 1960 and again from 1982 to 1985....

 (MNRI)
Jaime Paz Zamora
Jaime Paz Zamora
Jaime Paz Zamora was President of Bolivia from August 6, 1989 to August 6, 1993. He also served as Vice-President between 1982 and 1984.-Foundation of the MIR and alliance with Siles Zuazo:...

 (MIR)
UDP 528,696 35.97
Víctor Paz Estenssoro
Víctor Paz Estenssoro
Ángel Víctor Paz Estenssoro was a politician and president of Bolivia. He ran for president 8 times , winning in 1951, 1960, 1964, and 1985....

 (MNR)
Luís Ossio Sanjines
Luis Ossio
Luis Ossio Sanjinés served as Vice President of Bolivia from 1989 to 1993, during the presidency of Jaime Paz Zamora. He belonged to the Christian Democratic Party of Bolivia.-References:...

 (PDC)
MNR-A 527,184 35.87
Hugo Banzer Suárez
Hugo Banzer
Hugo Banzer Suárez was a politician, military general, dictator and President of Bolivia. He held the Bolivian presidency twice: from August 22, 1971 to July 21, 1978, as a dictator; and then again from August 6, 1997 to August 7, 2001, as constitutional President.-Military and ideological...

 (ADN)
Mario Rolón Anaya (ADN) ADN, FSB-M, PRA-R, MNR-C 218,857 14.89
Marcelo Quiroga Santa Cruz
Marcelo Quiroga Santa Cruz
Marcelo Quiroga Santa Cruz was a noted writer, dramatist, jourmalist, social commentator, university professor, and socialist political leader from Bolivia...

 (PS-1)
Jaime Taborga Torrico (PS-1) PS-1, OST, VCPOR 70,765 04.82
René Bernal Escalante (MARC) Mario Gutiérrez Gutiérrez (FSB) APIN 60,262 04.10
Luciano Tapia Quisbert (MITKA) Eufronio Vélez Magne (MIRKA) MITKA 28,344 01.93
Walter Gonzalez Valda (PUB) Benjamín Saravia Ruelas (PUB) PUB, UDB, PBR 18,976 01.29
Ricardo Catoira Marín (VO) Filemón Escobar Escobar (VO) VO 16,560 01.13
Valid votes 1,469,644 100
Invalid votes 223,856
Votes cast 1,693,233
Registered voters 1,871,070
Population 5,433,412


The Constitution of Bolivia states that a candidate needs to obtain 51% of the votes in order to be elected President or Vice President. In the elections held on July 1, none of the candidates obtained this absolute majority; the National Congress therefore had to choose the new President of the Republic from among the three candidates who had obtained the largest number of votes. These candidates were: Hernán Siles Zuazo
Hernán Siles Zuazo
Hernán Siles Zuazo was a politician from Bolivia. He served as his country's constitutionally elected president twice, from 1956 to 1960 and again from 1982 to 1985....

, Víctor Paz Estenssoro
Víctor Paz Estenssoro
Ángel Víctor Paz Estenssoro was a politician and president of Bolivia. He ran for president 8 times , winning in 1951, 1960, 1964, and 1985....

 and Hugo Banzer Suárez
Hugo Banzer
Hugo Banzer Suárez was a politician, military general, dictator and President of Bolivia. He held the Bolivian presidency twice: from August 22, 1971 to July 21, 1978, as a dictator; and then again from August 6, 1997 to August 7, 2001, as constitutional President.-Military and ideological...

. After three ballots in the Congress, none of the candidates achieved the required majority.

Congressional confirmation (August 1979)

Presidential candidates Parties Senate Deputies Total
Hernán Siles Zuazo
Hernán Siles Zuazo
Hernán Siles Zuazo was a politician from Bolivia. He served as his country's constitutionally elected president twice, from 1956 to 1960 and again from 1982 to 1985....

 (MNRI)
UDP 8 38 46
Víctor Paz Estenssoro
Víctor Paz Estenssoro
Ángel Víctor Paz Estenssoro was a politician and president of Bolivia. He ran for president 8 times , winning in 1951, 1960, 1964, and 1985....

 (MNR)
MNR-A 16 48 64
Hugo Banzer Suárez
Hugo Banzer
Hugo Banzer Suárez was a politician, military general, dictator and President of Bolivia. He held the Bolivian presidency twice: from August 22, 1971 to July 21, 1978, as a dictator; and then again from August 6, 1997 to August 7, 2001, as constitutional President.-Military and ideological...

 (independent)
ADN 3 19 22
Not voting PS-1, APIN, MITK, PUB 0 12 12
Total 27 117 144


After three ballots in the Congress, none of the candidates achieved the required majority. With this in mind, the political grouping alliance of the MNR nominated the President of the Senate, Walter Guevara Arze. He was elected interim constitutional president for a term of one year.
UDP – Democratic and Popular Union (Unidad Democratica y Popular). Electoral alliance formed by

Nationalist Revolutionary Movement of the Left, MNRI;

Communist Party of Bolivia
Communist Party of Bolivia
The Communist Party of Bolivia is a communist party in Bolivia. It was founded in 1950 by Raúl Ruiz González and other former members of the Revolutionary Left Party . It remained small and did not hold its first national party congress until 1959....

, PCB;

Revolutionary Left Movement
Revolutionary Left Movement (Bolivia)
The Revolutionary Left Movement - New Majority is a social democratic political party in Bolivia...

, MIR;

Tupaj Katari Revolutionary Movement
Tupaj Katari Revolutionary Movement
The Tupaj Katari Revolutionary Movement is a left-wing political party in Bolivia....

, MRTK;

Movement of the National Left
Movement of the National Left
The Movement of the National Left was a left-wing political party in Bolivia.In 1978, Luis Sandoval Morón split from the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement and founded the Movement of the National Left...

, MIN;

Popular Movement for National Liberation
Popular Movement for National Liberation
The Popular Movement for National Liberation was a left-wing political party in Bolivia....

, MPLN;

Alliance of the National Left, ALIN;

Revolutionary Party of the Nationalist Left
Revolutionary Party of the Nationalist Left
The Revolutionary Party of the Nationalist Left was a left-wing political party in Bolivia. It was founded in 1963 by the labor leader Juan Lechín Oquendo and by Mario Torres Calleja and Edwin Moller in lesser roles...

, PRIN;

Revolutionary Workers Party Trotskyist-Posadist
Revolutionary Workers Party Trotskyist-Posadist
The Revolutionary Workers Party Trotskyist-Posadist was a small Trotskyist political party in Bolivia....

, POR-TP;

Socialist Party
Socialist Party (Bolivia, 1971)
The Socialist Party was a left-wing political party in Bolivia.This Socialist Party was established on 1 May 1971 by the merger of three small parties supporting the former military Co-President and the President General Alfredo...

-Sabino Tito Atahuichi, PS-Atahuichi;

Organization of Revolutionary Unity
Organization of Revolutionary Unity
The Organization of Revolutionary Unity was a small left-wing political party in Bolivia....

, OUR;

Center for the Study of Natural Resources
Center for the Study of Natural Resources
The Center for the Study of Natural Resources was a Bolivian environmental organization...

, CERNA;

Revolutionary Party of the Workers of Bolivia
Revolutionary Party of the Workers of Bolivia
The Revolutionary Party of the Workers of Bolivia was a political party in Bolivia, formed in 1972 as the political wing of the National Liberation Army . PRTB was later move away from the foquismo line of ELN. PRTB published El proletario....

, PRTB.
MNR-A – Revolutionary Nationalist Movement-Alliance
Revolutionary Nationalist Movement-Alliance
The Revolutionary Nationalist Movement-Alliance was a centrist electoral political alliance in Bolivia.The MNRA was formed in 1979 bythe Revolutionary Nationalist Movement, MNR;...

 (Movimiento Nacionalista Revolucionario-Alianza). Electoral alliance formed by

Revolutionary Nationalist Movement
Revolutionary Nationalist Movement
The Revolutionary Nationalist Movement is a Bolivian political party, perhaps the most important in the country during the 20th century. At the legislative elections in 2002, the party won, in an alliance with the Free Bolivia Movement, 26.9% of the popular vote and 36 out of 130 seats in the...

, MNR;

Tupaj Katari Revolutionary Movement
Tupaj Katari Revolutionary Movement
The Tupaj Katari Revolutionary Movement is a left-wing political party in Bolivia....

-Chila, MRTK-Chila (faction led by Macabeo Chila);

Communist Party of Bolivia (Marxist–Leninist), PCML;

Christian Democratic Party
Christian Democratic Party (Bolivia)
The Christian Democratic Party is a progressive Christian-democratic political party in Bolivia....

, PDC;

Revolutionary Party of the National Left – Gueiler
Revolutionary Party of the National Left – Gueiler
The Revolutionary Party of the National Left – Gueiler was a small centrist political party in Bolivia....

, PRIN-G;

Authentic Revolutionary Party
Authentic Revolutionary Party
The Authentic Revolutionary Party was a right-wing political party in Bolivia.The Authentic Revolutionary Party was founded in 1959 as a faction of the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement , the ruling party under the presidency of Víctor Paz Estenssoro by Wálter Guevara Arze,...

, PRA (historical faction led by Walter Guevara Arce
Wálter Guevara
Wálter Guevara Arze was a Bolivian statesman, cabinet minister, writer, diplomat, and, rather briefly, president .-Background and earlier career:...

).
ADN – Nationalist Democratic Action
Nationalist Democratic Action
Nationalist Democratic Action is a right-wing political party in Bolivia led by Jorge Quiroga. ADN was founded on March 23, 1979 by the military dictator Hugo Banzer after he stepped down from power. It later expanded to include the Revolutionary Left Party and a faction of the Bolivian Socialist...

.

FSB-M – Bolivian Socialist Falange
Bolivian Socialist Falange
The Bolivian Socialist Falange was a Bolivian political party established in the year 1937. A right-wing party drawing inspiration from fascism, it was the country's second-largest party between approximately 1954 and 1974...

-Moreira (faction led by Gaston Moreira Ostria).

PRA-R – Authentic Revolutionary Party
Authentic Revolutionary Party
The Authentic Revolutionary Party was a right-wing political party in Bolivia.The Authentic Revolutionary Party was founded in 1959 as a faction of the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement , the ruling party under the presidency of Víctor Paz Estenssoro by Wálter Guevara Arze,...

- Ríos (faction led by Jorge Ríos Gamarra).

MNR-J – Revolutionary Nationalist Movement-Julio
Revolutionary Nationalist Movement-Julio
The Revolutionary Nationalist Movement-Julio was a pro-military political party in Bolivia....

, (faction led by Rubén Julio Castro).

PS-1 – Socialist Party-One
Socialist Party (Bolivia, 1971)
The Socialist Party was a left-wing political party in Bolivia.This Socialist Party was established on 1 May 1971 by the merger of three small parties supporting the former military Co-President and the President General Alfredo...

.

OST – Workers' Socialist Organization
Workers' Socialist Organization
The Workers' Socialist Organization was a small Trotskyist political party in Bolivia....

.

VCPOR – Communist Vanguard of the Revolutionary Workers' Party
Communist Vanguard of the Revolutionary Workers' Party
The Communist Vanguard of the Revolutionary Workers' Party was a small Trotskyist political party in Bolivia....

.

APIN – Popular Alliance for National Integration
Popular Alliance for National Integration
The Popular Alliance for National Integration was a right-wing electoral political alliance in Bolivia.The APIN was formed in 1979 by:Revolutionary Agrarian Movement of the Bolivian Peasantry, MARC;...

 (Alianza Popular de Integración Nacional). Electoral alliance formed by

Revolutionary Agrarian Movement of the Bolivian Peasantry
Revolutionary Agrarian Movement of the Bolivian Peasantry
The Revolutionary Agrarian Movement of the Bolivian Peasantry was a right-wing Christian nationalist movement in Bolivia....

, MARC;

Bolivian Socialist Falange
Bolivian Socialist Falange
The Bolivian Socialist Falange was a Bolivian political party established in the year 1937. A right-wing party drawing inspiration from fascism, it was the country's second-largest party between approximately 1954 and 1974...

, FSB (faction led by Mario Gutiérrez Gutiérrez);

Christian Democratic Union
Christian Democratic Union (Bolivia)
The Christian Democratic Union was a right-wing Christian-democratic political party in Bolivia....

, UDC.
MITKA – Indian Movement Tupaj Katari.

PUB – Bolivian Union Party
Bolivian Union Party
The Bolivian Union Party was a political party in Bolivia. The party positioned itself as a 'revolutionary democratic centre-left nationalist' party. It was founded as a continuation of the Sucrist National Union Party . The party contested the 1979 presidential election, with Walter Gonzáles...

.

UDB – Bolivian Democratic Union
Bolivian Democratic Union
The Bolivian Democratic Union was a right-wing political party in Bolivia.The Bolivian Democratic Union was founded by Carlos Valdez Molina and Nidio Calavi Castellanos in 1978....

.

PBR – Barrientista Revolutionary Party
Barrientista Revolutionary Party
The Barrientista Revolutionary Party was a right-wing "Barrientista" political party in Bolivia....

.

VO – Workers' Vanguard Party
Workers' Vanguard Party
The Workers' Vanguard Party was a small Trotskyist political party in Bolivia.The Workers' Vanguard Party was established by a dissident fraction which broke away from the Communist Vanguard of the Revolutionary Workers' Party in 1978.It was led by Filemón Escóbar Escóbar and Ricardo Catoira...

.

Congressional Elections results

Party/Alliance Votes % Senate Deputies Total
Democratic and Popular Union UDP 528,696 35.97 08 38 46
Nationalist Revolutionary Movement of the Left MNRI 06 14 20
Communist Party of Bolivia
Communist Party of Bolivia
The Communist Party of Bolivia is a communist party in Bolivia. It was founded in 1950 by Raúl Ruiz González and other former members of the Revolutionary Left Party . It remained small and did not hold its first national party congress until 1959....

PCB 01 08 09
Movement of the Revolutionary Left MIR 01 07 08
Tupaj Katari Revolutionary Movement
Tupaj Katari Revolutionary Movement
The Tupaj Katari Revolutionary Movement is a left-wing political party in Bolivia....

MRTK 00 02 02
Movement of the National Left
Movement of the National Left
The Movement of the National Left was a left-wing political party in Bolivia.In 1978, Luis Sandoval Morón split from the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement and founded the Movement of the National Left...

MIN 00 02 02
Popular Movement for National Liberation
Popular Movement for National Liberation
The Popular Movement for National Liberation was a left-wing political party in Bolivia....

MPLN 00 01 01
Alliance of the National Left ALIN 00 01 01
Revolutionary Party of the Nationalist Left
Revolutionary Party of the Nationalist Left
The Revolutionary Party of the Nationalist Left was a left-wing political party in Bolivia. It was founded in 1963 by the labor leader Juan Lechín Oquendo and by Mario Torres Calleja and Edwin Moller in lesser roles...

PRIN 00 00 00
Revolutionary Party of the Workers of Bolivia
Revolutionary Party of the Workers of Bolivia
The Revolutionary Party of the Workers of Bolivia was a political party in Bolivia, formed in 1972 as the political wing of the National Liberation Army . PRTB was later move away from the foquismo line of ELN. PRTB published El proletario....

PRTB 00 00 00
Socialist Party
Socialist Party (Bolivia, 1971)
The Socialist Party was a left-wing political party in Bolivia.This Socialist Party was established on 1 May 1971 by the merger of three small parties supporting the former military Co-President and the President General Alfredo...

- Sabino Tito Atahuichi
PS-Atahuichi 00 01 01
Revolutionary Workers Party Trotskyist-Posadist
Revolutionary Workers Party Trotskyist-Posadist
The Revolutionary Workers Party Trotskyist-Posadist was a small Trotskyist political party in Bolivia....

POR-TP 00 01 01
Organization of Revolutionary Unity
Organization of Revolutionary Unity
The Organization of Revolutionary Unity was a small left-wing political party in Bolivia....

OUR 00 00 00
Center for the Study of Natural Resources
Center for the Study of Natural Resources
The Center for the Study of Natural Resources was a Bolivian environmental organization...

CERNA 00 01 01
Revolutionary Nationalist Movement-Alliance
Revolutionary Nationalist Movement-Alliance
The Revolutionary Nationalist Movement-Alliance was a centrist electoral political alliance in Bolivia.The MNRA was formed in 1979 bythe Revolutionary Nationalist Movement, MNR;...

MNR-A 527,184 35.87 16 48 64
Revolutionary Nationalist Movement
Revolutionary Nationalist Movement
The Revolutionary Nationalist Movement is a Bolivian political party, perhaps the most important in the country during the 20th century. At the legislative elections in 2002, the party won, in an alliance with the Free Bolivia Movement, 26.9% of the popular vote and 36 out of 130 seats in the...

-Víctor Paz Estenssoro
Víctor Paz Estenssoro
Ángel Víctor Paz Estenssoro was a politician and president of Bolivia. He ran for president 8 times , winning in 1951, 1960, 1964, and 1985....

MNR 08 30 38
Tupaj Katari Revolutionary Movement
Tupaj Katari Revolutionary Movement
The Tupaj Katari Revolutionary Movement is a left-wing political party in Bolivia....

-Macabeo Chila
MRTK-Chila 00 02 02
Communist Party of Bolivia (Marxist–Leninist) PCML 03 05 08
Revolutionary Party of the National Left – Gueiler
Revolutionary Party of the National Left – Gueiler
The Revolutionary Party of the National Left – Gueiler was a small centrist political party in Bolivia....

PRIN-G 00 01 01
Christian Democratic Party
Christian Democratic Party (Bolivia)
The Christian Democratic Party is a progressive Christian-democratic political party in Bolivia....

PDC 03 09 12
Authentic Revolutionary Party
Authentic Revolutionary Party
The Authentic Revolutionary Party was a right-wing political party in Bolivia.The Authentic Revolutionary Party was founded in 1959 as a faction of the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement , the ruling party under the presidency of Víctor Paz Estenssoro by Wálter Guevara Arze,...

-Walter Guevara Arce
Wálter Guevara
Wálter Guevara Arze was a Bolivian statesman, cabinet minister, writer, diplomat, and, rather briefly, president .-Background and earlier career:...

PRA 02 01 03
ADN, FSB-M, PRA-R, MNR-J 218,857 14.89 03 19 22
Nationalist Democratic Action
Nationalist Democratic Action
Nationalist Democratic Action is a right-wing political party in Bolivia led by Jorge Quiroga. ADN was founded on March 23, 1979 by the military dictator Hugo Banzer after he stepped down from power. It later expanded to include the Revolutionary Left Party and a faction of the Bolivian Socialist...

ADN 02 14 16
Bolivian Socialist Falange
Bolivian Socialist Falange
The Bolivian Socialist Falange was a Bolivian political party established in the year 1937. A right-wing party drawing inspiration from fascism, it was the country's second-largest party between approximately 1954 and 1974...

-Gaston Moreira Ostria
FSB-M 00 03 03
Authentic Revolutionary Party
Authentic Revolutionary Party
The Authentic Revolutionary Party was a right-wing political party in Bolivia.The Authentic Revolutionary Party was founded in 1959 as a faction of the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement , the ruling party under the presidency of Víctor Paz Estenssoro by Wálter Guevara Arze,...

-Jorge Ríos Gamarra
PRA-R 00 00 00
Revolutionary Nationalist Movement-Julio
Revolutionary Nationalist Movement-Julio
The Revolutionary Nationalist Movement-Julio was a pro-military political party in Bolivia....

-Rubén Julio Castro
MNR-J 01 02 03
PS-1, OST, VCPOR 70,765 04.82 00 05 05
Socialist Party-One
Socialist Party (Bolivia, 1971)
The Socialist Party was a left-wing political party in Bolivia.This Socialist Party was established on 1 May 1971 by the merger of three small parties supporting the former military Co-President and the President General Alfredo...

PS-1 00 05 05
Workers' Socialist Organization
Workers' Socialist Organization
The Workers' Socialist Organization was a small Trotskyist political party in Bolivia....

OST 00 00 00
Communist Vanguard of the Revolutionary Workers' Party
Communist Vanguard of the Revolutionary Workers' Party
The Communist Vanguard of the Revolutionary Workers' Party was a small Trotskyist political party in Bolivia....

VCPOR 00 00 00
Popular Alliance for National Integration
Popular Alliance for National Integration
The Popular Alliance for National Integration was a right-wing electoral political alliance in Bolivia.The APIN was formed in 1979 by:Revolutionary Agrarian Movement of the Bolivian Peasantry, MARC;...

APIN 60,262 04.10 00 05 05
Revolutionary Agrarian Movement of the Bolivian Peasantry
Revolutionary Agrarian Movement of the Bolivian Peasantry
The Revolutionary Agrarian Movement of the Bolivian Peasantry was a right-wing Christian nationalist movement in Bolivia....

MARC 00 02 02
Bolivian Socialist Falange
Bolivian Socialist Falange
The Bolivian Socialist Falange was a Bolivian political party established in the year 1937. A right-wing party drawing inspiration from fascism, it was the country's second-largest party between approximately 1954 and 1974...

-Mario Gutiérrez
Mario Gutiérrez
Mario Gutiérrez may refer to:*Mario Gutiérrez *Mario Gutiérrez , former leader of the Bolivian Socialist Falange...

FSB 00 02 02
Christian Democratic Union
Christian Democratic Union (Bolivia)
The Christian Democratic Union was a right-wing Christian-democratic political party in Bolivia....

UDC 00 01 01
Indian Movement Tupaj Katari MITKA 28,344 01.93 00 01 01
PUB, UDB, PBR 18,976 01.29 00 01 01
Bolivian Union Party
Bolivian Union Party
The Bolivian Union Party was a political party in Bolivia. The party positioned itself as a 'revolutionary democratic centre-left nationalist' party. It was founded as a continuation of the Sucrist National Union Party . The party contested the 1979 presidential election, with Walter Gonzáles...

PUB 00 01 01
Bolivian Democratic Union
Bolivian Democratic Union
The Bolivian Democratic Union was a right-wing political party in Bolivia.The Bolivian Democratic Union was founded by Carlos Valdez Molina and Nidio Calavi Castellanos in 1978....

UDB 00 00 00
Barrientista Revolutionary Party
Barrientista Revolutionary Party
The Barrientista Revolutionary Party was a right-wing "Barrientista" political party in Bolivia....

PRB 00 00 00
Workers' Vanguard Party
Workers' Vanguard Party
The Workers' Vanguard Party was a small Trotskyist political party in Bolivia.The Workers' Vanguard Party was established by a dissident fraction which broke away from the Communist Vanguard of the Revolutionary Workers' Party in 1978.It was led by Filemón Escóbar Escóbar and Ricardo Catoira...

VO 16,560 01.13 00 00 00
Valid votes 1,469,644 100 27 117 144
Invalid votes 223,856 ** ** ** **
Votes cast 1,693,233 ** ** ** **
Registered voters 1,871,070 ** ** ** **
Population 5,433,412 ** ** ** **
The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
 
x
OK