Biogon
Encyclopedia
Biogon is a brand name of Carl Zeiss for a series of photographic
camera lenses
. Biogons are typically wide angle lenses.
The first Biogon (2.8 / 3.5 cm, unbalanced) was created in 1935 by Ludwig Bertele
, then referenced by designer Zeiss Ikon Dresden
, the Contax
created as a modification of the then Sonnar. It was developed by Carl Zeiss in approximately 1949 and manufactured in Jena
, then a redesign in Oberkochen. In 1951 a new Biogon with a 90 ° angle
(Super Wide Angle) was also designed by Ludwig Bertele
for Carl Zeiss, which opened the way to extreme wide angle lenses. They were produced from 1952 as the 4.5 / 21 mm for Contax, in 1954. 4,5/38 mm for Hasselblad
Super Wide, and from 1955 to 1956 as the 4.5 / 53 mm and 4.5 / 75 mm for the Linhof.
Since then, there is usually approximately symmetrical wide-angle design with a usable angle of view of some of over 90 °. At 90 ° the focal length
is about half as long as the format's diagonal.
Well-known camera
manufacturers like Hasselblad
have or had Biogon derived lenses to offer.
The lenses of the type Super-Angulon (Schneider
, Leica Camera) are based on the construction of the Biogon.
Other Zeiss lenses include the Distagon, Flektogon, Planar
, Sonnar and Tessar
.
Photography
Photography is the art, science and practice of creating durable images by recording light or other electromagnetic radiation, either electronically by means of an image sensor or chemically by means of a light-sensitive material such as photographic film...
camera lenses
Lens (optics)
A lens is an optical device with perfect or approximate axial symmetry which transmits and refracts light, converging or diverging the beam. A simple lens consists of a single optical element...
. Biogons are typically wide angle lenses.
The first Biogon (2.8 / 3.5 cm, unbalanced) was created in 1935 by Ludwig Bertele
Ludwig Bertele
Ludwig Jakob Bertele was a German optics constructor. His developments received universal recognition and serve as a basis for considerable part of optical designs, which are used in modern world.-Biography:...
, then referenced by designer Zeiss Ikon Dresden
Dresden
Dresden is the capital city of the Free State of Saxony in Germany. It is situated in a valley on the River Elbe, near the Czech border. The Dresden conurbation is part of the Saxon Triangle metropolitan area....
, the Contax
Contax
Contax was a camera brand noted for its unique technical innovation and a wide range of Zeiss lenses, noted for their high optical quality. Its final incarnation was a line of 35 mm, medium format and digital cameras engineered and manufactured by Kyocera, and featuring modern Zeiss optics...
created as a modification of the then Sonnar. It was developed by Carl Zeiss in approximately 1949 and manufactured in Jena
Jena
Jena is a university city in central Germany on the river Saale. It has a population of approx. 103,000 and is the second largest city in the federal state of Thuringia, after Erfurt.-History:Jena was first mentioned in an 1182 document...
, then a redesign in Oberkochen. In 1951 a new Biogon with a 90 ° angle
Angle
In geometry, an angle is the figure formed by two rays sharing a common endpoint, called the vertex of the angle.Angles are usually presumed to be in a Euclidean plane with the circle taken for standard with regard to direction. In fact, an angle is frequently viewed as a measure of an circular arc...
(Super Wide Angle) was also designed by Ludwig Bertele
Ludwig Bertele
Ludwig Jakob Bertele was a German optics constructor. His developments received universal recognition and serve as a basis for considerable part of optical designs, which are used in modern world.-Biography:...
for Carl Zeiss, which opened the way to extreme wide angle lenses. They were produced from 1952 as the 4.5 / 21 mm for Contax, in 1954. 4,5/38 mm for Hasselblad
Hasselblad
Victor Hasselblad AB is a Swedish manufacturer of medium-format cameras and photographic equipment based in Gothenburg, Sweden.The company is best known for the medium-format cameras it has produced since World War II....
Super Wide, and from 1955 to 1956 as the 4.5 / 53 mm and 4.5 / 75 mm for the Linhof.
Since then, there is usually approximately symmetrical wide-angle design with a usable angle of view of some of over 90 °. At 90 ° the focal length
Focal length
The focal length of an optical system is a measure of how strongly the system converges or diverges light. For an optical system in air, it is the distance over which initially collimated rays are brought to a focus...
is about half as long as the format's diagonal.
Well-known camera
Camera
A camera is a device that records and stores images. These images may be still photographs or moving images such as videos or movies. The term camera comes from the camera obscura , an early mechanism for projecting images...
manufacturers like Hasselblad
Hasselblad
Victor Hasselblad AB is a Swedish manufacturer of medium-format cameras and photographic equipment based in Gothenburg, Sweden.The company is best known for the medium-format cameras it has produced since World War II....
have or had Biogon derived lenses to offer.
The lenses of the type Super-Angulon (Schneider
Schneider
Schneider is a surname, common in Germany, it may also refer to:Companies and organizations* G. Schneider & Sohn, Bavarian brewery company* Schneider Rundfunkwerke AG, former owner of the Dual brand record players...
, Leica Camera) are based on the construction of the Biogon.
- Biogon 1:2,8 f=21 mm, 90° Angle (PDF-File; 65 kB)
- Biogon 1:4,5 f=21 mm, T* Classic, 90° Anglel (PDF-File; 282 kB)
- Biogon 1:2,8 f=25 mm, 82° Angle (PDF-File; 292 kB)
- Biogon 1:2,8 f=28 mm, 75° Angle (PDF-File; 182 kB)
- Biogon 1:2,0 f=35 mm, 63° Angle (PDF-File; 266 kB)
- Biogon 1:4,5 f=38 mm CFi for Hasselblad (Medium Format; PDF-File; 166 kB)
- Biogon 1:4,5 f=53 mm, image diameter of 115 mm, for professional cameras up to the 6 x 9 cm
- Biogon 1:5,6 f=60 mm for Hasselblad (Medium Format, including the Apollo moon mission, PDF file, 857 kB); PDF-File; 857 kB)
- Biogon 1:4,5 f=75 mm, image diameter of 153 mm, 92 ° angle, for large-format professional cameras up to 4x5 inches
Other Zeiss lenses include the Distagon, Flektogon, Planar
Zeiss Planar
The Zeiss Planar is a photographic lens designed by Paul Rudolph at Carl Zeiss in 1896. Rudolph's original was a six-element symmetrical design....
, Sonnar and Tessar
Tessar
The Tessar is a famous photographic lens design conceived by physicist Paul Rudolph in 1902 while he worked at the Zeiss optical company and patented by Zeiss; the lens type is usually known as the Zeiss Tessar....
.