Benjamin Syndrome is a type of multiple congenital anomaly

Congenital disorder

A congenital disorder, or congenital disease, is a condition existing at birth and often before birth, or that develops during the first month of life , regardless of causation...

/mental retardation

Mental retardation

Mental retardation is a generalized disorder appearing before adulthood, characterized by significantly impaired cognitive functioning and deficits in two or more adaptive behaviors...

 (MCA/MR) syndrome. It is characterized by hypochromic anemia

Hypochromic anemia

Hypochromic anemia is a generic term for any type of anemia in which the red blood cells are paler than normal. A normal red blood cell will have an area of pallor in the center of it; in hypochromic cells, this area of central pallor is increased...

 with mental deficiency and various craniofacial

Craniofacial

Craniofacial may be used to describe certain congenital malformations, injuries, surgeons who subspecialize in this area, multi-disciplinary medical-surgical teams that treat and do research on disorders affecting this region, and organizations with interest in...

 and other anomalies. It can also include heart murmur

Heart murmur

Murmurs are extra heart sounds that are produced as a result of turbulent blood flow that is sufficient to produce audible noise. Most murmurs can only be heard with the assistance of a stethoscope ....

, dental caries

Dental caries

Dental caries, also known as tooth decay or a cavity, is an irreversible infection usually bacterial in origin that causes demineralization of the hard tissues and destruction of the organic matter of the tooth, usually by production of acid by hydrolysis of the food debris accumulated on the...

 and splenic tumor

Tumor

A tumor or tumour is commonly used as a synonym for a neoplasm that appears enlarged in size. Tumor is not synonymous with cancer...

s.

It was first described in the medical literature in 1911. Symptoms include megalocephaly, external ear

Ear

The ear is the organ that detects sound. It not only receives sound, but also aids in balance and body position. The ear is part of the auditory system....

 deformities, dental caries

Dental caries

Dental caries, also known as tooth decay or a cavity, is an irreversible infection usually bacterial in origin that causes demineralization of the hard tissues and destruction of the organic matter of the tooth, usually by production of acid by hydrolysis of the food debris accumulated on the...

, micromelia, hypoplastic

Hypoplasia

Hypoplasia is underdevelopment or incomplete development of a tissue or organ. Although the term is not always used precisely, it properly refers to an inadequate or below-normal number of cells. Hypoplasia is similar to aplasia, but less severe. It is technically not the opposite of hyperplasia...

 bone deformities, hypogonadism

Hypogonadism

Hypogonadism is a medical term for decreased functional activity of the gonads. Low testosterone is caused by a decline or deficiency in gonadal production of testosterone in males...

, hypochromic anemia

Hypochromic anemia

Hypochromic anemia is a generic term for any type of anemia in which the red blood cells are paler than normal. A normal red blood cell will have an area of pallor in the center of it; in hypochromic cells, this area of central pallor is increased...

 with occasional tumor

Tumor

A tumor or tumour is commonly used as a synonym for a neoplasm that appears enlarged in size. Tumor is not synonymous with cancer...

s, and mental retardation

Mental retardation

Mental retardation is a generalized disorder appearing before adulthood, characterized by significantly impaired cognitive functioning and deficits in two or more adaptive behaviors...

.

Benjamin Syndrome should not be confused with Harry Benjamin syndrome which is a separate and unrelated term.

External links

• Benjamin syndrome via National Library of Medicine.
• Anemia neonatal