Arthur Campbell (British East India Company)
Encyclopedia
Archibald Campbell of the Bengal Medical Service (the Indian Medical Service according to some sources) was the first superintendent of the sanitarium of Darjeeling town in India
. Sources differ regarding his first name. While some say that the "A" in "Dr A. Campbell" stands for Arthur, the name register of the Darwin Correspondence Online Database gives his name as Archibald, supported by Teagenius.com. However, in the same database, the footnote of a letter from Darwin
to Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker
cites his name as Andrew. He is also referred to as the first superintendent of Darjeeling. He was transferred from Kathmandu to Darjeeling in 1839.
In 1841, Dr Campbell brought tea seeds from the Kumaun region in China and started to grow tea near his residence at Beechwood, Darjeeling, on an experimental basis. His experiments were followed by similar efforts by several others, and soon, tea began to be cultivated in the area as Darjeeling tea
.
In 1849, Dr Campbell and Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker
(a famous naturalist and explorer) were imprisoned by the Dewan of Sikkim
when they were touring the Sikkim region towards the Chola pass in Tibet
. A British
team was sent to negotiate with the king of Sikkim. However, they were released without any bloodshed.
Dr Campbell wrote many papers on Himalayan geography and at least one paper on the Lepchas
of Sikkim. The magnolia species, Magnolia campbellii, is named after him.
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
. Sources differ regarding his first name. While some say that the "A" in "Dr A. Campbell" stands for Arthur, the name register of the Darwin Correspondence Online Database gives his name as Archibald, supported by Teagenius.com. However, in the same database, the footnote of a letter from Darwin
Charles Darwin
Charles Robert Darwin FRS was an English naturalist. He established that all species of life have descended over time from common ancestry, and proposed the scientific theory that this branching pattern of evolution resulted from a process that he called natural selection.He published his theory...
to Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker
Joseph Dalton Hooker
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker OM, GCSI, CB, MD, FRS was one of the greatest British botanists and explorers of the 19th century. Hooker was a founder of geographical botany, and Charles Darwin's closest friend...
cites his name as Andrew. He is also referred to as the first superintendent of Darjeeling. He was transferred from Kathmandu to Darjeeling in 1839.
In 1841, Dr Campbell brought tea seeds from the Kumaun region in China and started to grow tea near his residence at Beechwood, Darjeeling, on an experimental basis. His experiments were followed by similar efforts by several others, and soon, tea began to be cultivated in the area as Darjeeling tea
Darjeeling tea
Darjeeling tea is a black tea from the Darjeeling region in West Bengal, India. When properly brewed, it yields a thin-bodied, light-colored infusion with a floral aroma...
.
In 1849, Dr Campbell and Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker
Joseph Dalton Hooker
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker OM, GCSI, CB, MD, FRS was one of the greatest British botanists and explorers of the 19th century. Hooker was a founder of geographical botany, and Charles Darwin's closest friend...
(a famous naturalist and explorer) were imprisoned by the Dewan of Sikkim
Sikkim
Sikkim is a landlocked Indian state nestled in the Himalayan mountains...
when they were touring the Sikkim region towards the Chola pass in Tibet
Tibet
Tibet is a plateau region in Asia, north-east of the Himalayas. It is the traditional homeland of the Tibetan people as well as some other ethnic groups such as Monpas, Qiang, and Lhobas, and is now also inhabited by considerable numbers of Han and Hui people...
. A British
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
team was sent to negotiate with the king of Sikkim. However, they were released without any bloodshed.
Dr Campbell wrote many papers on Himalayan geography and at least one paper on the Lepchas
Lepcha people
The Lepcha or Róng people , also called Róngkup , Mútuncí Róngkup Rumkup , and Rongpa , are the aboriginal people of Sikkim, who number between 30,000 and 50,000...
of Sikkim. The magnolia species, Magnolia campbellii, is named after him.