Apolipoprotein C
Encyclopedia
In the field of molecular biology
, apolipoprotein C is a family of four low molecular weight apolipoprotein
s, designated as C-I
, C-II, C-III
, and C-IV
that are surface components of chylomicron
s, VLDL, and HDL. In the fasting state, the C apolipoproteins are mainly associated with HDL. During absorption of dietary fat, the C apoli- poproteins preferentially redistribute to the surface of the triglyceride
-rich chylomicrons and VLDL.
Molecular biology
Molecular biology is the branch of biology that deals with the molecular basis of biological activity. This field overlaps with other areas of biology and chemistry, particularly genetics and biochemistry...
, apolipoprotein C is a family of four low molecular weight apolipoprotein
Apolipoprotein
Apolipoproteins are proteins that bind lipids to form lipoproteins and transport the lipids through the lymphatic and circulatory systems....
s, designated as C-I
Apolipoprotein C1
Apolipoprotein C-I is a protein component of lipoproteins that in humans is encoded by the APOC1 gene.- Function :The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the apolipoprotein C family. This gene is expressed primarily in the liver, and it is activated when monocytes differentiate into...
, C-II, C-III
Apolipoprotein C3
Apolipoprotein C-III is a protein component of very low density lipoprotein . APOC3 inhibits lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase; it is thought to inhibit hepatic uptake of triglyceride-rich particles. The APOA1, APOC3 and APOA4 genes are closely linked in both rat and human genomes...
, and C-IV
Apolipoprotein C4
Apolipoprotein C-IV, also known as apolipoprotein C4, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOC4 gene.- Function :Apolipoprotein C4 gene is a member of the apolipoprotein C gene family. It is expressed in the liver and has a predicted protein structure characteristic of the other genes in...
that are surface components of chylomicron
Chylomicron
Chylomicrons are lipoprotein particles that consist of triglycerides , phospholipids , cholesterol and proteins .They transport dietary lipids from the intestines to other locations in the body...
s, VLDL, and HDL. In the fasting state, the C apolipoproteins are mainly associated with HDL. During absorption of dietary fat, the C apoli- poproteins preferentially redistribute to the surface of the triglyceride
Triglyceride
A triglyceride is an ester derived from glycerol and three fatty acids. There are many triglycerides, depending on the oil source, some are highly unsaturated, some less so....
-rich chylomicrons and VLDL.