Apocarotenoid
Encyclopedia
Apocarotenoids are organic compounds which occur widely in living organisms. They are derived from carotenoids by oxidative cleavage,
catalyzed by carotenoid oxygenase
s. Examples include the vitamin A retinoids retinal
, retinoic acid
, and retinol
; and the plant hormone abscisic acid
.
catalyzed by carotenoid oxygenase
Carotenoid Oxygenase
Carotenoid oxygenases are a family of enzymes involved in the cleavage of carotenoids to produce, for example, retinol, commonly known as vitamin A...
s. Examples include the vitamin A retinoids retinal
Retinal
Retinal, also called retinaldehyde or vitamin A aldehyde, is one of the many forms of vitamin A . Retinal is a polyene chromophore, and bound to proteins called opsins, is the chemical basis of animal vision...
, retinoic acid
Retinoic acid
Retinoic acid is a metabolite of vitamin A that mediates the functions of vitamin A required for growth and development. Retinoic acid is required in chordate animals which includes all higher animals from fishes to humans...
, and retinol
Retinol
Retinol is one of the animal forms of vitamin A. It is a diterpenoid and an alcohol. It is convertible to other forms of vitamin A, and the retinyl ester derivative of the alcohol serves as the storage form of the vitamin in animals....
; and the plant hormone abscisic acid
Abscisic acid
Abscisic acid , also known as abscisin II and dormin, is a plant hormone. ABA functions in many plant developmental processes, including bud dormancy. It is degraded by the enzyme -abscisic acid 8'-hydroxylase.-Function:...
.