Anthomyiidae
Encyclopedia
Anthomyiidae is a large and diverse family
of Muscoidea
flies
. Name came from Greek "anthos" (flower) + "myia" (a fly). Some species are commonly called "root-maggots", as the larva
e are found in the stems and roots of various plants. As larvae, some also feed on decaying plant material, and some are leaf miner
s; the family also includes inquiline
s, commensals, and parasitic larvae.
Some species in the family are significant agricultural pests, particularly some from the genus Delia
, which includes the onion fly (Delia antiqua
), the wheat bulb fly (Delia coarctata), the turnip root fly (Delia floralis
), the bean seed fly (Delia platura) and the cabbage root fly (Delia radicum).
Family (biology)
In biological classification, family is* a taxonomic rank. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, genus, and species, with family fitting between order and genus. As for the other well-known ranks, there is the option of an immediately lower rank, indicated by the...
of Muscoidea
Muscoidea
Muscoidea is a superfamily of flies in the subsection Calyptratae....
flies
Fly
True flies are insects of the order Diptera . They possess a pair of wings on the mesothorax and a pair of halteres, derived from the hind wings, on the metathorax...
. Name came from Greek "anthos" (flower) + "myia" (a fly). Some species are commonly called "root-maggots", as the larva
Larva
A larva is a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults. Animals with indirect development such as insects, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase of their life cycle...
e are found in the stems and roots of various plants. As larvae, some also feed on decaying plant material, and some are leaf miner
Leaf miner
Leaf miner is a term used to describe the larvae of many different species of insect which live in and eat the leaf tissue of plants. The vast majority of leaf-mining insects are moths , sawflies and flies , though some beetles and wasps also exhibit this behavior.Like Woodboring beetles, leaf...
s; the family also includes inquiline
Inquiline
In zoology, an inquiline is an animal that lives commensally in the nest, burrow, or dwelling place of an animal of another species. For example, some organisms such as insects may live in the homes of gophers and feed on debris, fungi, roots, etc...
s, commensals, and parasitic larvae.
Some species in the family are significant agricultural pests, particularly some from the genus Delia
Delia (genus)
The genus Delia is part of the fly family Anthomyiidae.The genus Delia contains approximately 300–340 species worldwide . At present about 170 species are recorded from the Palaearctic Region, and 162 species from the Nearctic Region, 44 of which are Holarctic. Afrotropical fauna includes 20 Delia...
, which includes the onion fly (Delia antiqua
Delia antiqua
Delia antiqua, commonly known as the onion fly, is a cosmopolitan pest of crops. The larvae or maggots feed on onions, garlic and other bulbous plants.-Morphology and biology:...
), the wheat bulb fly (Delia coarctata), the turnip root fly (Delia floralis
Delia floralis
Delia floralis, commonly known as the turnip root fly or summer cabbage fly, is a cosmopolitan pest of crops. The larvae or maggots feed on the roots of various plants in the Brassicaceae family.-Morphology and biology:...
), the bean seed fly (Delia platura) and the cabbage root fly (Delia radicum).
Classification
- Family Anthomyiidae -- anthomyiid flies
- Genus Amygdalops Lamb, 1914
- Subfamily Anthomyiinae
-
-
- Tribe Anthomyiini
-
- Genus AnthomyiaAnthomyiaAnthomyia is a genus of fly in the family Anthomyiidae.-Species:*A. bazini Séguy, 1929*A. cannabina *A. canningsi Griffiths, 2001*A. confusanea Michelsen in Michelsen & Báez, 1985*A. facialis...
MeigenJohann Wilhelm MeigenJohann Wilhelm Meigen was a German entomologist famous for his pioneering work on Diptera.-Early years:Meigen was born in Solingen, the fifth of eight children of Johann Clemens Meigen and Sibylla Margaretha Bick. His parents, though not poor, were not wealthy either. The ran a small shop in...
, 1803 - Genus Botanophila Lioy, 1864
- Genus Chiastocheta Pokorny, 1889
- Genus Fucellia Robineau-DesvoidyJean-Baptiste Robineau-DesvoidyAndré Jean Baptiste Robineau-Desvoidy was a French physician and entomologist specialising in the study of Diptera and to some extent of the Coleoptera .-Achievements:...
, 1842 - Genus Hylemya Robineau-DesvoidyJean-Baptiste Robineau-DesvoidyAndré Jean Baptiste Robineau-Desvoidy was a French physician and entomologist specialising in the study of Diptera and to some extent of the Coleoptera .-Achievements:...
, 1830 - Genus Hylemyza Schnabl & Dziedzicki, 1911
- Genus Anthomyia
- Tribe Chirosiini
-
- Genus ChirosiaChirosia betuletiThe Knotting gall, is caused by the dipteron fly Chirosia betuleti . The gall develops in the terminal shoots of ferns, such as Broad buckler fern Dryopteris dilatata, Male shield fern Dryopteris filix-mas, Lady fern Athyrium filix-femina, and the Ostrich fern, Matteuccia struthiopteris.-The...
RóndaniCamillo RóndaniCamillo Róndani was an Italian entomologist noted for his studies of Diptera.-Early years:When Camillo Róndani was born in Parma the city was part of the French Empire Napoleon having crowned himself King of Italy...
, 1856 - Genus Egle Robineau-DesvoidyJean-Baptiste Robineau-DesvoidyAndré Jean Baptiste Robineau-Desvoidy was a French physician and entomologist specialising in the study of Diptera and to some extent of the Coleoptera .-Achievements:...
, 1830 - Genus Lasiomma SteinPaul Stein (entomologist)Paul Stein was a German museum curator and entomologist . He specialised in Diptera especially the family Anthomyiidae. In this group he studied the world fauna describing many new genera and species....
, 1916 - Genus Strobilomyia Michelsen, 1988
- Genus Chirosia
- Tribe Hydrophoriini
-
- Genus Acridomyia Stackelberg, 1929
- Genus AdiaAdia (genus)Adia is a genus of fly in the family Anthomyiidae.-Species:*Adia cinerella *Adia grisella...
Robineau-DesvoidyJean-Baptiste Robineau-DesvoidyAndré Jean Baptiste Robineau-Desvoidy was a French physician and entomologist specialising in the study of Diptera and to some extent of the Coleoptera .-Achievements:...
, 1830 - Genus Boreophorbia Michelsen, 1987
- Genus Coenosopsia MallochJohn Russell MallochJohn Russell Malloch was a Scottish entomologist who specialised in Diptera.In 1910 he emigrated to Urbana, Illinois, United States.-References:See...
, 1924 - Genus DeliaDelia (genus)The genus Delia is part of the fly family Anthomyiidae.The genus Delia contains approximately 300–340 species worldwide . At present about 170 species are recorded from the Palaearctic Region, and 162 species from the Nearctic Region, 44 of which are Holarctic. Afrotropical fauna includes 20 Delia...
Robineau-DesvoidyJean-Baptiste Robineau-DesvoidyAndré Jean Baptiste Robineau-Desvoidy was a French physician and entomologist specialising in the study of Diptera and to some extent of the Coleoptera .-Achievements:...
, 1830 - Genus Eustalomyia KowarzFerdinand KowarzFerdinand Kowarz , was a Bohemian-Austrian entomologist who described many new species of Diptera mainly from central Europe...
, 1873 - Genus Heterostylodes HennigWilli HennigEmil Hans Willi Hennig was a German biologist who is considered the founder of phylogenetic systematics, also known as cladistics. With his works on evolution and systematics he revolutionised the view of the natural order of beings...
, 1967 - Genus Hydrophoria Robineau-DesvoidyJean-Baptiste Robineau-DesvoidyAndré Jean Baptiste Robineau-Desvoidy was a French physician and entomologist specialising in the study of Diptera and to some extent of the Coleoptera .-Achievements:...
, 1830 - Genus Leucophora Robineau-DesvoidyJean-Baptiste Robineau-DesvoidyAndré Jean Baptiste Robineau-Desvoidy was a French physician and entomologist specialising in the study of Diptera and to some extent of the Coleoptera .-Achievements:...
, 1830 - Genus Paregle Schnabl, 1911
- Genus Phorbia Robineau-DesvoidyJean-Baptiste Robineau-DesvoidyAndré Jean Baptiste Robineau-Desvoidy was a French physician and entomologist specialising in the study of Diptera and to some extent of the Coleoptera .-Achievements:...
, 1830 - Genus Subhylemyia Ringdahl, 1933
- Genus Zaphne Robineau-DesvoidyJean-Baptiste Robineau-DesvoidyAndré Jean Baptiste Robineau-Desvoidy was a French physician and entomologist specialising in the study of Diptera and to some extent of the Coleoptera .-Achievements:...
, 1830- Subfamily Pegomyinae
- Tribe Pegomyini
-
- Genus Alliopsis Schnabl & Dziedzicki, 1911
- Genus Emmesomyia MallochJohn Russell MallochJohn Russell Malloch was a Scottish entomologist who specialised in Diptera.In 1910 he emigrated to Urbana, Illinois, United States.-References:See...
, 1917 - Genus Eutrichota KowarzFerdinand KowarzFerdinand Kowarz , was a Bohemian-Austrian entomologist who described many new species of Diptera mainly from central Europe...
, 1893 - Genus Paradelia Ringdahl, 1933
- Genus Parapegomyia Griffiths, 1984
- Genus Pegomya Robineau-DesvoidyJean-Baptiste Robineau-DesvoidyAndré Jean Baptiste Robineau-Desvoidy was a French physician and entomologist specialising in the study of Diptera and to some extent of the Coleoptera .-Achievements:...
, 1830
- Tribe Myopinini
-
- Genus PegoplataPegoplataPegoplata, sometimes known as Nupedia, is a genus of flies within the family Anthomyiidae.-Species:* Pegoplata abnormis * Pegoplata acutipennis * Pegoplata aestiva...
Schnabl & Dziedzicki, 1911 - Genus Calythea Schnabl in Schnabl & Dziedzicki, 1911
- Genus Myopina Robineau-DesvoidyJean-Baptiste Robineau-DesvoidyAndré Jean Baptiste Robineau-Desvoidy was a French physician and entomologist specialising in the study of Diptera and to some extent of the Coleoptera .-Achievements:...
, 1830
- Genus Pegoplata
-
Identification
- Ackland, D. M. 2001. Revision of afrotropical Anthomyia Meigen, 1803 (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), with descriptions of ten new species. African InvertebratesAfrican InvertebratesAfrican Invertebrates is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that covers the taxonomy, systematics, biogeography, ecology, conservation, and palaeontology of Afrotropical invertebrates, whether terrestrial, freshwater, or marine...
42: 1-94. http://www.africaninvertebrates.org.za/ackland100.aspx - Ackland, D. M. 2008. Revision of Afrotropical Delia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), with descriptions of six new species. African InvertebratesAfrican InvertebratesAfrican Invertebrates is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that covers the taxonomy, systematics, biogeography, ecology, conservation, and palaeontology of Afrotropical invertebrates, whether terrestrial, freshwater, or marine...
49 (1): 1-75. http://www.africaninvertebrates.org.za/Ackland_49_1_2008_186.aspx - Emden, F. I. Van (1941): Keys to the Muscidae of the Ethiopian Region :Scatophaginae, Anthomyiinae, Lispinae, Fanniinae. Bull. Ent.Res., 1941–1942, 32: 251-275. Keys to Afrotropical generaGenusIn biology, a genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, which is an example of definition by genus and differentia...
and speciesSpeciesIn biology, a species is one of the basic units of biological classification and a taxonomic rank. A species is often defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. While in many cases this definition is adequate, more precise or differing measures are...
. See Pont & Ackland in Crosskey, R. W. et al. 1980 for updated classification and nomenclature. - Hennig, W., 1966-1976. 63a. Anthomyiidae. In: Die Fliegen der paläarktischen Region 7(1) (Erwin LindnerErwin LindnerErwin Lindner was a German entomologist mainly interested in Diptera.He was born in Böglins, Memmingen , 7 April 1888 and died in Stuttgart 30 November 1988, aged 100 years....
, ed.): 1-974, pl. 1-78. E. Schweizerbart, Stuttgart. Monograph of Palaearctic species. - Hucket, H. C. (1965): The Muscidae of Northern Canada, Alaska and Greenland (Diptera). Mem. Ent. Soc. Canada, 42: 1-369. Keys, illustrations.
- Huckett H. C. (1971): The Anthomyiidae of California exclusive of. the subfamily Scatophaginae (Diptera). Bull. Calif. Insect Survey. 12: 1-121. Illustrated Keys. South Nearctic and North Neotropical.
- Pont,A.C., 1972 , Family Muscidae. In: A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas South of the United States, 97, 111 p. Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo.
- Suwa, M. (1974): Anthomyiidae of Japan (Diptera). Insecta Matsumurana New Series 4 : 1-247. Comprehensive revision. Excellent illustrations.
- Suwa, M., & B. Darvas (1998): Family Anthomyiidae. In: Contributions to a manual of Palaearctic Diptera Volume 3 (L. Papp & B. Darvas, eds.): 571-616. Science Herald, Budapest.