Andrei Zayonchkovski
Encyclopedia
Andrei Medardovich Zayonchkovski or Zaionchkovski ( - March 22, 1926) commanded the defence of the Romanian-Bulgarian border upon Romania's entry into World War I
in August 1916.
and served in various staff positions.
During the Russo-Japanese War
he commanded the 85th Vyborg Infantry Regiment and the 2nd brigade of the 3rd Siberian Infantry Division.
During World War I
Zayonchkovski commanded the 30th Army Corps. Following Romania's entry into the war on 27 August 1916, he commanded the Russian-Romanian army in charge of defending Dobruja
against the Central Powers. After the February Revolution
he retired from the army.
In 1918 he joined the Red Army
, serving in various staff positions. After the end of the Russian Civil War
he, like many other former tsarist officers, switched to teaching in the Red Army Military Academy and writing. He is best known for his two-volume overview of World War I military operations, which is still one of the best Russian books on the subject.
While a professor, "Zaionchkovski worked as an agent for the Soviet secret police at the same time he was head of the conspiratorial anti-Bolshevik Monarchist Union (The Trust
)."
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
in August 1916.
Biography
After graduation from the Nicholas School of Military Engineering (Nikolaevskoe Inzhenernoe Uchilishche) in 1882, Zayonchkovski served in the 5th Sapper Battalion. In 1888 he graduated from the General Staff AcademyGeneral Staff Academy (Imperial Russia)
The General Staff Academy was a Russian military academy, established in 1832 in St.Petersburg. It was first known as the Imperial Military Academy , then in 1855 it was renamed Nicholas General Staff Academy and in 1909 - Imperial Nicholas Military Academy The General Staff Academy was a...
and served in various staff positions.
During the Russo-Japanese War
Russo-Japanese War
The Russo-Japanese War was "the first great war of the 20th century." It grew out of rival imperial ambitions of the Russian Empire and Japanese Empire over Manchuria and Korea...
he commanded the 85th Vyborg Infantry Regiment and the 2nd brigade of the 3rd Siberian Infantry Division.
During World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
Zayonchkovski commanded the 30th Army Corps. Following Romania's entry into the war on 27 August 1916, he commanded the Russian-Romanian army in charge of defending Dobruja
Dobruja
Dobruja is a historical region shared by Bulgaria and Romania, located between the lower Danube river and the Black Sea, including the Danube Delta, Romanian coast and the northernmost part of the Bulgarian coast...
against the Central Powers. After the February Revolution
February Revolution
The February Revolution of 1917 was the first of two revolutions in Russia in 1917. Centered around the then capital Petrograd in March . Its immediate result was the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II, the end of the Romanov dynasty, and the end of the Russian Empire...
he retired from the army.
In 1918 he joined the Red Army
Red Army
The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army started out as the Soviet Union's revolutionary communist combat groups during the Russian Civil War of 1918-1922. It grew into the national army of the Soviet Union. By the 1930s the Red Army was among the largest armies in history.The "Red Army" name refers to...
, serving in various staff positions. After the end of the Russian Civil War
Russian Civil War
The Russian Civil War was a multi-party war that occurred within the former Russian Empire after the Russian provisional government collapsed to the Soviets, under the domination of the Bolshevik party. Soviet forces first assumed power in Petrograd The Russian Civil War (1917–1923) was a...
he, like many other former tsarist officers, switched to teaching in the Red Army Military Academy and writing. He is best known for his two-volume overview of World War I military operations, which is still one of the best Russian books on the subject.
While a professor, "Zaionchkovski worked as an agent for the Soviet secret police at the same time he was head of the conspiratorial anti-Bolshevik Monarchist Union (The Trust
Trust Operation
Operation Trust was a counterintelligence operation of the State Political Directorate of the Soviet Union. The operation, which ran from 1921-1926, set up a fake anti-Bolshevik underground organization, "Monarchist Union of Central Russia", MUCR , in order to help the OGPU identify real...
)."