Andrei Ivanovich Shingarev
Encyclopedia
Andrei Ivanovich Shingarev or Shingaryov (August 18, 1869 – January 7, 1918) was a Russia
n doctor, publicist and politician. He was a Duma
deputy and one of the leaders of the Constitutional Democratic party
(known as the Kadets).
Shingorev's mother, Zinaida Nikanorovna was born into an aristocratic family. His father,
Ivan Andreevich Shingarev, was a prosperous merchant, first in the Tombov region and then in Voronezh
. When Andrei Shingarev was ten years old, he entered a secondary school in Voronezh, graduating in 1887. Then he continued his studies at Lomonosov Moscow State University in the faculty of physics
and mathematics
and graduated in 1891, in 1894 getting a further degree in medicine
.
In 1895-1897, Shingarev was a practicing doctor. In 1898 he became a country doctor and started managing the Voronezh
medical district. Shingarev was published in many newspapers and magazines, for example in the newspaper The Russian Idea. He participated in the 1905 Russian Revolution while he was in Voronezh
.
Shingarev was several times elected to the State Duma
. After the February revolution
, he led the food committee; in the first Provisional Government
he was the Minister of Agriculture, and later he held the post of Minister of Finance. In July 1917 Shingarev resigned from Provisional Government
, as he was against the agreement with the Verkhovna Rada
.
On November 28, 1917, Shingarev was arrested by Bolsheviks as a leader of the opposition and he was imprisoned in the Peter and Paul Fortress
. On January 6, 1918, he was transferred, along with his fellow Kadet Fyodor Kokoshkin, to the Mariinskaya Hospital after becoming seriously ill; both "were brutally murdered there on the following night by a group of Baltic sailors, who broke into the hospital. The Ministry of Justice later revealed that the murders had taken place with the connivance of the Bolshevik Red Guard and the Commandant of the Hospital, Stefan Basov, who justified the murder on the grounds that there would be 'two less bourgeois mouths to feed'. Basov was brought to trial and convicted, but none of the murderers was ever caught and the Bolshevik leaders, who at first condemned the murders, later sought to justify them as an act of political terror."
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
n doctor, publicist and politician. He was a Duma
Duma
A Duma is any of various representative assemblies in modern Russia and Russian history. The State Duma in the Russian Empire and Russian Federation corresponds to the lower house of the parliament. Simply it is a form of Russian governmental institution, that was formed during the reign of the...
deputy and one of the leaders of the Constitutional Democratic party
Constitutional Democratic party
The Constitutional Democratic Party was a liberal political party in the Russian Empire. Party members were called Kadets, from the abbreviation K-D of the party name...
(known as the Kadets).
Shingorev's mother, Zinaida Nikanorovna was born into an aristocratic family. His father,
Ivan Andreevich Shingarev, was a prosperous merchant, first in the Tombov region and then in Voronezh
Voronezh
Voronezh is a city in southwestern Russia, the administrative center of Voronezh Oblast. It is located on both sides of the Voronezh River, away from where it flows into the Don. It is an operating center of the Southeastern Railway , as well as the center of the Don Highway...
. When Andrei Shingarev was ten years old, he entered a secondary school in Voronezh, graduating in 1887. Then he continued his studies at Lomonosov Moscow State University in the faculty of physics
Physics
Physics is a natural science that involves the study of matter and its motion through spacetime, along with related concepts such as energy and force. More broadly, it is the general analysis of nature, conducted in order to understand how the universe behaves.Physics is one of the oldest academic...
and mathematics
Mathematics
Mathematics is the study of quantity, space, structure, and change. Mathematicians seek out patterns and formulate new conjectures. Mathematicians resolve the truth or falsity of conjectures by mathematical proofs, which are arguments sufficient to convince other mathematicians of their validity...
and graduated in 1891, in 1894 getting a further degree in medicine
Medicine
Medicine is the science and art of healing. It encompasses a variety of health care practices evolved to maintain and restore health by the prevention and treatment of illness....
.
In 1895-1897, Shingarev was a practicing doctor. In 1898 he became a country doctor and started managing the Voronezh
Voronezh
Voronezh is a city in southwestern Russia, the administrative center of Voronezh Oblast. It is located on both sides of the Voronezh River, away from where it flows into the Don. It is an operating center of the Southeastern Railway , as well as the center of the Don Highway...
medical district. Shingarev was published in many newspapers and magazines, for example in the newspaper The Russian Idea. He participated in the 1905 Russian Revolution while he was in Voronezh
Voronezh
Voronezh is a city in southwestern Russia, the administrative center of Voronezh Oblast. It is located on both sides of the Voronezh River, away from where it flows into the Don. It is an operating center of the Southeastern Railway , as well as the center of the Don Highway...
.
Shingarev was several times elected to the State Duma
Duma
A Duma is any of various representative assemblies in modern Russia and Russian history. The State Duma in the Russian Empire and Russian Federation corresponds to the lower house of the parliament. Simply it is a form of Russian governmental institution, that was formed during the reign of the...
. After the February revolution
February Revolution
The February Revolution of 1917 was the first of two revolutions in Russia in 1917. Centered around the then capital Petrograd in March . Its immediate result was the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II, the end of the Romanov dynasty, and the end of the Russian Empire...
, he led the food committee; in the first Provisional Government
Russian Provisional Government
The Russian Provisional Government was the short-lived administrative body which sought to govern Russia immediately following the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II . On September 14, the State Duma of the Russian Empire was officially dissolved by the newly created Directorate, and the country was...
he was the Minister of Agriculture, and later he held the post of Minister of Finance. In July 1917 Shingarev resigned from Provisional Government
Provisional government
A provisional government is an emergency or interim government set up when a political void has been created by the collapse of a very large government. The early provisional governments were created to prepare for the return of royal rule...
, as he was against the agreement with the Verkhovna Rada
Verkhovna Rada
The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine is Ukraine's parliament. The Verkhovna Rada is a unicameral parliament composed of 450 deputies, which is presided over by a chairman...
.
On November 28, 1917, Shingarev was arrested by Bolsheviks as a leader of the opposition and he was imprisoned in the Peter and Paul Fortress
Peter and Paul Fortress
The Peter and Paul Fortress is the original citadel of St. Petersburg, Russia, founded by Peter the Great in 1703 and built to Domenico Trezzini's designs from 1706-1740.-History:...
. On January 6, 1918, he was transferred, along with his fellow Kadet Fyodor Kokoshkin, to the Mariinskaya Hospital after becoming seriously ill; both "were brutally murdered there on the following night by a group of Baltic sailors, who broke into the hospital. The Ministry of Justice later revealed that the murders had taken place with the connivance of the Bolshevik Red Guard and the Commandant of the Hospital, Stefan Basov, who justified the murder on the grounds that there would be 'two less bourgeois mouths to feed'. Basov was brought to trial and convicted, but none of the murderers was ever caught and the Bolshevik leaders, who at first condemned the murders, later sought to justify them as an act of political terror."