Alphonse de Châteaubriant
Encyclopedia
Alphonse Van Bredenbeck de Châteaubriant (alfɔ̃s də ʃatobʁjɑ̃; 25 March 1877 - 2 May 1951) was a French writer who won the Prix Goncourt
in 1911 for his novel Monsieur de Lourdines and Grand prix du roman de l'Académie française
for La Brière
in 1923.
After a visit to Germany in 1935 he became an enthusiastic advocate for Nazism
.
Along with other Breton nationalists (citation required) he supported fascist and antisemitic ideas in opposition to the French state. In 1940 he founded the pro-Nazi weekly newspaper La Gerbe
. During World War II, he was a member of the central committee of the Légion des Volontaires Français contre le Bolchévisme
, an organisation founded in 1941 by Fernand de Brinon
and Jacques Doriot
to recruit volunteers to fight alongside the Germans in Russia
. In 1945 he fled to Austria
, where he lived under the alias Dr. Alfred Wolf until his death at a monastery in Kitzbühel
.
Prix Goncourt
The Prix Goncourt is a prize in French literature, given by the académie Goncourt to the author of "the best and most imaginative prose work of the year"...
in 1911 for his novel Monsieur de Lourdines and Grand prix du roman de l'Académie française
Grand Prix du roman de l'Académie française
Le Grand Prix du Roman is a French literary award, created in 1918, and given each year by the Académie française. Along with the Prix Goncourt, it is one of the oldest and most prestigious literary awards in France...
for La Brière
La Brière
La Brière is a 1923 novel by Alphonse de Chateaubriant that won the Grand prix du roman de l'Académie française for that year....
in 1923.
After a visit to Germany in 1935 he became an enthusiastic advocate for Nazism
Nazism
Nazism, the common short form name of National Socialism was the ideology and practice of the Nazi Party and of Nazi Germany...
.
Along with other Breton nationalists (citation required) he supported fascist and antisemitic ideas in opposition to the French state. In 1940 he founded the pro-Nazi weekly newspaper La Gerbe
La Gerbe
La Gerbe was a weekly newspaper of the French collaboration with Nazi Germany during World War II that appeared in Paris from July 1940 till August 1944. Its political-literary line was modeled after Candide and Gringoire, two right-wing newspapers founded in the interwar period.Founder and editor...
. During World War II, he was a member of the central committee of the Légion des Volontaires Français contre le Bolchévisme
Legion of French Volunteers Against Bolshevism
The Legion of French Volunteers Against Bolshevism was a collaborationist French militia founded on July 8, 1941. It gathered various collaborationist parties, including Marcel Bucard's Mouvement Franciste, Marcel Déat's National Popular Rally, Jacques Doriot's French Popular Party, Eugène...
, an organisation founded in 1941 by Fernand de Brinon
Fernand de Brinon
Fernand de Brinon, Marquis de Brinon was a French lawyer and journalist who was one of the architects of French collaboration with the Nazis during World War II...
and Jacques Doriot
Jacques Doriot
Jacques Doriot was a French politician prior to and during World War II. He began as a Communist but then turned Fascist.-Early life and politics:...
to recruit volunteers to fight alongside the Germans in Russia
Eastern Front (World War II)
The Eastern Front of World War II was a theatre of World War II between the European Axis powers and co-belligerent Finland against the Soviet Union, Poland, and some other Allies which encompassed Northern, Southern and Eastern Europe from 22 June 1941 to 9 May 1945...
. In 1945 he fled to Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
, where he lived under the alias Dr. Alfred Wolf until his death at a monastery in Kitzbühel
Kitzbühel
-Demographic evolution:-Personalities:*Karl Wilhelm von Dalla Torre , entomologist and botanist*Alfons Walde , expressionist painter and architect*Peter Aufschnaiter , mountaineer and geographer...
.
Works
- 1908 : Le Baron de Puydreau (novella)
- 1909 : Monsieur de Buysse (novella)
- 1911 : Monsieur des Lourdines (novel - Prix GoncourtPrix GoncourtThe Prix Goncourt is a prize in French literature, given by the académie Goncourt to the author of "the best and most imaginative prose work of the year"...
) - 1923 : La BrièreLa BrièreLa Brière is a 1923 novel by Alphonse de Chateaubriant that won the Grand prix du roman de l'Académie française for that year....
(novel - Grand prix du roman de l'Académie françaiseGrand Prix du roman de l'Académie françaiseLe Grand Prix du Roman is a French literary award, created in 1918, and given each year by the Académie française. Along with the Prix Goncourt, it is one of the oldest and most prestigious literary awards in France...
) - 1927 : La Meute
- 1933 : La Réponse du Seigneur
- 1937 : La Gerbe des forces
- 1938 : Les pas ont chanté