Adolf Strauß
Encyclopedia
Adolf Strauß was a German Generaloberst (Colonel General). He was also a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross
. The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership.
, Strauß was retained in the Reichswehr
. On December 1, 1934 he was promoted to Major General.
As Commanding General of the Second Army Corps, Strauß participated in Polenfeldzug, the German Invasion of Poland. On May 30, 1940, he was appointed Oberbefehlshaber of the 9th Army in France.
Strauß then moved East for Operation Barbarossa
with Army Group Centre
.
For health reasons, he stepped down from command on January 16, 1943. After his recovery, he was appointed as Commandant of the Fortified Eastern area.
After the war he was held in British captivity until being released in May 1949.
Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross
The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was a grade of the 1939 version of the 1813 created Iron Cross . The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was the highest award of Germany to recognize extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership during World War II...
. The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership.
Career
On March 15, 1898, Adolf Strauß joined the Imperial German Army, (the Reichsheer). After serving various roles throughout World War IWorld War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
, Strauß was retained in the Reichswehr
Reichswehr
The Reichswehr formed the military organisation of Germany from 1919 until 1935, when it was renamed the Wehrmacht ....
. On December 1, 1934 he was promoted to Major General.
As Commanding General of the Second Army Corps, Strauß participated in Polenfeldzug, the German Invasion of Poland. On May 30, 1940, he was appointed Oberbefehlshaber of the 9th Army in France.
Strauß then moved East for Operation Barbarossa
Operation Barbarossa
Operation Barbarossa was the code name for Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II that began on 22 June 1941. Over 4.5 million troops of the Axis powers invaded the USSR along a front., the largest invasion in the history of warfare...
with Army Group Centre
Army Group Centre
Army Group Centre was the name of two distinct German strategic army groups that fought on the Eastern Front in World War II. The first Army Group Centre was created on 22 June 1941, as one of three German Army formations assigned to the invasion of the Soviet Union...
.
For health reasons, he stepped down from command on January 16, 1943. After his recovery, he was appointed as Commandant of the Fortified Eastern area.
After the war he was held in British captivity until being released in May 1949.
Decorations
- Iron CrossIron CrossThe Iron Cross is a cross symbol typically in black with a white or silver outline that originated after 1219 when the Kingdom of Jerusalem granted the Teutonic Order the right to combine the Teutonic Black Cross placed above a silver Cross of Jerusalem....
(1914) II. and I. Class - Royal House Order of Hohenzollern, Knight's Cross with SwordsHouse Order of HohenzollernThe House Order of Hohenzollern was an order of chivalry of the House of Hohenzollern. It was both a military and a civil award...
- Hanseatic CrossHanseatic CrossThe Hanseatic Cross was a decoration of the three Hanseatic Cities of Bremen, Hamburg and Lübeck, who were member states of the German Empire during World War I...
, Bremen and Lübeck - House Order of Lippischer with Swords
- Military Merit Cross (Austria)Military Merit Cross (Austria-Hungary)The Military Merit Cross was a decoration of the Empire of Austria and, after the establishment of the Dual Monarchy in 1867, the Empire of Austria-Hungary. It was first established on October 22, 1849 and underwent several revisions to its design and award criteria over the years of its existence...
III. Class - Honour Cross for CombatantsHonour Cross for CombatantsThe Honour Cross for Combatants was one of three versions of the Cross of Honor to be awarded.- Recipients :* Walther von Brauchitsch* Wilhelm Keitel* Günther von Kluge* Erwin Rommel* Albert Kesselring* Erwin von Witzleben* Erich von Manstein...
- Wehrmacht Service Award IV. to I. Class
- Clasp for Iron CrossIron CrossThe Iron Cross is a cross symbol typically in black with a white or silver outline that originated after 1219 when the Kingdom of Jerusalem granted the Teutonic Order the right to combine the Teutonic Black Cross placed above a silver Cross of Jerusalem....
II. and I. Class - Knight's Cross of the Iron CrossKnight's Cross of the Iron CrossThe Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was a grade of the 1939 version of the 1813 created Iron Cross . The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was the highest award of Germany to recognize extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership during World War II...
on 27 October 1939 as General der Infanterie and commanding general of the II. Armeekorps - Mentioned four times in the WehrmachtberichtWehrmachtberichtThe Wehrmachtbericht was a daily radio report on the Großdeutscher Rundfunk of Nazi Germany, published by the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht regarding the military situation on all fronts of World War II....
on 6 August 1941 (extra), 7 August 1941, 18 October 1941 (extra) and 19 October 1941