Republic of Indonesia is divided into provinces

Provinces of Indonesia

The province is the highest tier of local government subnational entity in Indonesia. Each province has its own local government, headed by a governor, and has its own legislative body...

. Provinces are made up of regencies and cities . Province, regencies, and cities, have their own local governments and parliamentary bodies.

Since the enactment of Law Number 22 Year 1999 regarding Local Government (the law was revised by Law Number 32 Year 2004 ), local governments now play a greater role in administering their areas. Foreign policy, defense (including armed forces and national police), system of law, and monetary policy, however, remain the domain of the national government. Since 2005, heads of local government (governors, regents, and mayors) have been directly elected by popular election.

Province

A province is headed by a governor. Each province has its own legislative body, called Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah (literally means "Regional People's Representatives Assembly"). Governors and representative members are elected by popular vote for 5-year term.

Indonesia is divided into 33 provinces. Seven provinces were created since 2000. Five provinces have special status:

• Aceh (also known as Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam (formerly: Aceh Special Region), has greater role in local government, which includes its own Islamic syari'ah law (for Muslim citizens), flag and provincial song, local political parties are allowed, and decisions or laws made by the central government which directly affect Aceh's administration must be referred to the local government or legislative body.
• Yogyakarta Special Region, The Sultan of Yogyakarta is de facto governor of Yogyakarta since he is given priority when electing the governor. For centuries, the Sultanate of Yogyakarta has reigned in the region. However, recently the central government proposed a law that required the governor to be popularly elected as in the other provinces, while still giving the sultan significant political power. The proposal is still under debate with objections from the people of Yogyakarta including the local legislative body and the sultan himself.
• Papua
  Papua (Indonesian province)
  Papua comprises most of the western half of the island of New Guinea and nearby islands. Its capital is Jayapura. It's the largest and easternmost province of Indonesia. The province originally covered the entire western half of New Guinea...
  
   (formerly: Irian Jaya), since 2001 local government has a greater role, including use of its own flag and song of province, and the governor is required to be of Papuan origins.
• West Papua (formerly: Irian Jaya Barat), has the same status as Papua.
• Jakarta Special Capital Region, is the capital city of Indonesia. The Governor of Jakarta has the power to appoint and dismiss mayors and regent within the Jakarta Special Capital Region. The local government is allowed cooperate with other cities from other countries.

Each province is divided into regencies and cities.

Regency and City

Regency and City is a local level of government beneath that of province, however they enjoy greater decentralization affairs than province does, such as provide public schools and public health facilities.

Both regency and city are the same level, having their own local government and legislative body. The difference between a Regency and a City lies in differing demographics, size and economics.
Generally the regency has larger area than city, and city has a non-agricultural economic activities. A regency is headed by a regent , and a city is headed by a mayor . Regent or mayor and member of representatives are elected by popular vote for a term of 5 years.

Each regency or city is divided into sub-districts.

Sub-district

Sub-district is an area within a regency or city. The head of a sub-district is known as a "Camat"'. Camats are civil servants, responsible to the regent (for regency) or to the mayor (for city).

In Papua Province

Papua (Indonesian province)

Papua comprises most of the western half of the island of New Guinea and nearby islands. Its capital is Jayapura. It's the largest and easternmost province of Indonesia. The province originally covered the entire western half of New Guinea...

 and West Papua Province, a sub-district is called District , and is headed by a "Head of District" .

Each sub-district is divided into desa (village) or kelurahan.

In Aceh

Aceh

Aceh is a special region of Indonesia, located on the northern tip of the island of Sumatra. Its full name is Daerah Istimewa Aceh , Nanggroë Aceh Darussalam and Aceh . Past spellings of its name include Acheh, Atjeh and Achin...

, Indonesia, a mukim

Mukim

In Brunei, a mukim is a subdivision of a daerah . The equivalent of the word 'mukim' in English would be 'sub-district'.In Malaysia, a mukim can either be a subdivision of a daerah or a subdivision of sub-district, In Singapore, a mukim is one of two varieties of survey...

 is subdivision of a subdistrict. A mukim contains some villages (gampong).

Village: Desa and Kelurahan

The next level is that of the Desa or Kelurahan. Both Desa and Kelurahan are the area within sub-district, however Desa enjoys greater local matters than Kelurahan does.

Desa

In Indonesian, as in English, village (desa) has rural connotations, in the context of Indonesian Government Administration, a Desa can be defined as a body which has authority over the local people in accordance with acknowledged local traditions of the area. Desa is headed by "Head of Desa" , who is elected by popular vote.

Most Indonesian villages use the term "desa". In some places, however, there are many other terms used, i.e:

• Gampong in Aceh
• Nagari in West Sumatra
  West Sumatra
  West Sumatra is a province of Indonesia. It lies on the west coast of the island Sumatra. It borders the provinces of North Sumatra to the north, Riau and Jambi to the east, and Bengkulu to the southeast. It includes the Mentawai Islands off the coast...
  
  
• Dusun in Bungo Regency
  Bungo Regency
  Bungo is a regency or of Jambi Province in Sumatra, Indonesia. As of 2009, the population was 271,625. The Regency has an area of 7,160km2....
  
   (Jambi)
• Kampung in some places in Indonesia:
  • Lampung
    Lampung
    Lampung is a province of Indonesia. It is located on the southern tip of the island of Sumatra and borders the provinces of Bengkulu and South Sumatra. Lampung is the original home of the Lampung people, who speak a distinct language from other people in Sumatra and have their own alphabet. Its...
    
     (in Central Lampung
    Central Lampung Regency
    Central Lampung Regency is a regency of Lampung, Sumatra, Indonesia. It has an area of 4,789.8 km² and a population of 1,177,967 people as of 2008. The capital lies at Gunung Sugih....
    
    , Mesuji
    Mesuji Regency
    Mesuji Regency is a regency of Lampung, Sumatra, Indonesia. It has an area of 2184 km² and a population of 188,999 people as of 2006. The capital lies at Mesuji.-History:...
    
    , Tulang Bawang, Way Kanan
    Way Kanan Regency
    Way Kanan Regency is a regency of Lampung, Sumatra, Indonesia. It has an area of 3921.63 km² and a population of 386,567 people. The capital lies at Blambangan Umpu. The regency is divided into 14 districts . It contains the Way Kambas National Park and Satwa Elephant Eco Lodge....
    
    , and West Tulangbawang Regencies
    West Tulang Bawang Regency
    West Tulang Bawang Regency is a regency of Lampung, Sumatra, Indonesia. It has an area of 1201 km² and a population of 233,360 people. The capital lies at Penduduk....
    
    )
  • East Kalimantan
    East Kalimantan
    East Kalimantan is the second largest Indonesian province, located on the Kalimantan region on the east of Borneo island. The resource-rich province has two major cities, Samarinda and Balikpapan...
    
     (in Berau
    Berau Regency
    Berau Regency is one of the ten regencies in East Kalimantan province in Indonesia. The capital is Tanjung Redeb. It has an area of 34,127.47 km² and a population of 179,444 at the 2010 Census....
    
     and West Kutai Regencies
    West Kutai Regency
    West Kutai Regency is a regency in the Indonesian province of East Kalimantan. It has an area of 33,052 km² and a population of 165,934 at the 2010 Census.Sendawar is the capital. The regency is subdivided into 21 subdistricts....
    
    )
  • Papua
  • West Papua
• Pekon in Pringsewu
  Pringsewu Regency
  Pringsewu Regency is a regency of Lampung, Sumatra, Indonesia. It has an area of 625 km² and a population of 368,771 people. The capital lies at Pringsewu, located 37 kilometres from the provincial capital of Bandar Lampung...
  
  , Tanggamus
  Tanggamus Regency
  Tanggamus Regency is a regency of Lampung, Sumatra, Indonesia. It has an area of 3356.61 km² and a population of 478,568 people. The capital lies at Kota Agung Pusat. It is divided administratively into 16 kecamatan...
  
  , and West Lampung Regencies
  West Lampung Regency
  West Lampung Regency is a regency of Lampung, Sumatra, Indonesia. It has an area of 4,950.4 km² and a population of 410,848 people. The capital lies at Liwa. Administratively it is divided into 17 districts and 105 subdistricts and 6 subdistricts administered by lurah...
  
   (Lampung
  Lampung
  Lampung is a province of Indonesia. It is located on the southern tip of the island of Sumatra and borders the provinces of Bengkulu and South Sumatra. Lampung is the original home of the Lampung people, who speak a distinct language from other people in Sumatra and have their own alphabet. Its...
  
  )
• In Bali
  Bali
  Bali is an Indonesian island located in the westernmost end of the Lesser Sunda Islands, lying between Java to the west and Lombok to the east...
  
  , there are two forms of "desa", i.e. desa dinas (service village) and desa adat (cultural village). Desa dinas deals with administrative functions, while desa adat deals with religious and cultural functions.
• Lembang in Toraja and North Toraja Regencies (South Sulawesi
  South Sulawesi
  South Sulawesi is a province of Indonesia, located on the western southern peninsula of Sulawesi Island. The province is bordered by Central Sulawesi province to the north, South East Sulawesi province to the east and West Sulawesi province to the west...
  
  )

Kelurahan

Though Desa and Kelurahan are part of a sub-district, a Kelurahan has less power than a Desa. A Kelurahan is headed by a "Lurah". Lurahs are civil servants, directly responsible to their Camat. A Kelurahan is part of Regency/City government bureaucracy.

Statistics

Here is table showing number of current provinces, regencies, and cities of Indonesia.

Type (Indonesian)	Type (English)	Head of administration (Indonesian)	Head of administration (English)	Number
provinsi or propinsi	Province Provinces of Indonesia The province is the highest tier of local government subnational entity in Indonesia. Each province has its own local government, headed by a governor, and has its own legislative body...	Gubernur	Governor	33
Kabupaten	Regency	Bupati	Regent	405
Kota	City	Wali Kota	Mayor	97
Kecamatan, in Papua and West Papua: Distrik	Subdistrict Subdistrict Subdistrict is a low level administrative division of a country. In Thailand it may refer to the King Amphoe or to the Tambon. In England and Wales it was part of a Registration district....  or District	Camat, in Papua and West Papua: Kepala Distrik	Head of Subdistrict	6,543
Desa and Kelurahan	Village Village A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet with the population ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand , Though often located in rural areas, the term urban village is also applied to certain urban neighbourhoods, such as the West Village in Manhattan, New...	Lurah/Kepala Desa	Head of Village	75,244