Adenosine thiamine triphosphate
Encyclopedia
Adenosine thiamine triphosphate (AThTP), or thiaminylated adenosine triphosphate, is a natural thiamine
adenine
nucleotide
. It was discovered in Escherichia coli
where it may account for up to 15 - 20 % of total thiamine under carbon starvation. AThTP exists also, though at much lower levels, in eukaryotic
organisms such as yeast, roots of higher plants and animal tissues.
In E. coli AThTP is synthesized from thiamine diphosphate (ThDP) according the following reaction catalyzed by thiamine diphosphate adenylyl transferase:
Thiamine
Thiamine or thiamin or vitamin B1 , named as the "thio-vitamine" is a water-soluble vitamin of the B complex. First named aneurin for the detrimental neurological effects if not present in the diet, it was eventually assigned the generic descriptor name vitamin B1. Its phosphate derivatives are...
adenine
Adenine
Adenine is a nucleobase with a variety of roles in biochemistry including cellular respiration, in the form of both the energy-rich adenosine triphosphate and the cofactors nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and flavin adenine dinucleotide , and protein synthesis, as a chemical component of DNA...
nucleotide
Nucleotide
Nucleotides are molecules that, when joined together, make up the structural units of RNA and DNA. In addition, nucleotides participate in cellular signaling , and are incorporated into important cofactors of enzymatic reactions...
. It was discovered in Escherichia coli
Escherichia coli
Escherichia coli is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium that is commonly found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms . Most E. coli strains are harmless, but some serotypes can cause serious food poisoning in humans, and are occasionally responsible for product recalls...
where it may account for up to 15 - 20 % of total thiamine under carbon starvation. AThTP exists also, though at much lower levels, in eukaryotic
Eukaryote
A eukaryote is an organism whose cells contain complex structures enclosed within membranes. Eukaryotes may more formally be referred to as the taxon Eukarya or Eukaryota. The defining membrane-bound structure that sets eukaryotic cells apart from prokaryotic cells is the nucleus, or nuclear...
organisms such as yeast, roots of higher plants and animal tissues.
In E. coli AThTP is synthesized from thiamine diphosphate (ThDP) according the following reaction catalyzed by thiamine diphosphate adenylyl transferase:
- ThDP + ATP (ADP) ↔ AThDP + PPi (Pi)
External links
- A first for vitamins. Nature 446 (2007) 112http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v446/n7132/full/446112a.html