Addis Ababa Agreement
Encyclopedia
The Addis Ababa Agreement, also known as the Addis Ababa
Accord, was a set of compromises within a 1972 treaty that ended the First Sudanese Civil War
(1955–1972) fighting in Sudan
. The Addis Ababa accords were incorporated in the Constitution of Sudan
.
.
A decade of relative peace followed, though the Addis Ababa Agreement failed to dispel the tensions that had originally caused civil war. The Addis Ababa Agreement proved to be only temporary respite. Resource infringements by the north led to increased unrest in the south starting in the late 1970s.
declared all Sudan an Islamic state
under Shari'a law, including the non-Islamic majority southern region. The Southern Sudan Autonomous Region was abolished on 5 June 1983, ending the Addis Ababa Agreement. This initiated the Second Sudanese Civil War
(1983–2005).
Addis Ababa
Addis Ababa is the capital city of Ethiopia...
Accord, was a set of compromises within a 1972 treaty that ended the First Sudanese Civil War
First Sudanese Civil War
The First Sudanese Civil War was a conflict from 1955 to 1972 between the northern part of Sudan and the southern Sudan region that demanded representation and more regional autonomy...
(1955–1972) fighting in Sudan
Sudan
Sudan , officially the Republic of the Sudan , is a country in North Africa, sometimes considered part of the Middle East politically. It is bordered by Egypt to the north, the Red Sea to the northeast, Eritrea and Ethiopia to the east, South Sudan to the south, the Central African Republic to the...
. The Addis Ababa accords were incorporated in the Constitution of Sudan
Constitution of Sudan
The first permanent Constitution of Sudan was drafted in 1973. It incorporated the Addis Ababa Agreement ending the first Sudanese civil war....
.
Results
The Agreement had the goal to address and appease concerns of the southern Sudan liberation and succession movement, as the First Sudanese Civil War grew costly in lives and resources to the northern Sudanese government and southern population. The Addis Ababa Agreement's establishment of the Southern Sudan Autonomous Region gave a degree of autonomyAutonomy
Autonomy is a concept found in moral, political and bioethical philosophy. Within these contexts, it is the capacity of a rational individual to make an informed, un-coerced decision...
.
A decade of relative peace followed, though the Addis Ababa Agreement failed to dispel the tensions that had originally caused civil war. The Addis Ababa Agreement proved to be only temporary respite. Resource infringements by the north led to increased unrest in the south starting in the late 1970s.
Termination
In 1983 President Gaafar NimeiryGaafar Nimeiry
Gaafar Muhammad an-Nimeiry was the Nubian President of Sudan from 1969 to 1985...
declared all Sudan an Islamic state
Islamic State
An Islamic state is a type of government, in which the primary basis for government is Islamic religious law...
under Shari'a law, including the non-Islamic majority southern region. The Southern Sudan Autonomous Region was abolished on 5 June 1983, ending the Addis Ababa Agreement. This initiated the Second Sudanese Civil War
Second Sudanese Civil War
The Second Sudanese Civil War started in 1983, although it was largely a continuation of the First Sudanese Civil War of 1955 to 1972. Although it originated in southern Sudan, the civil war spread to the Nuba mountains and Blue Nile by the end of the 1980s....
(1983–2005).
See also
- South SudanSouth SudanSouth Sudan , officially the Republic of South Sudan, is a landlocked country located in the Sahel region of northeastern Africa. It is also part of the North Africa UN sub-region. Its current capital is Juba, which is also its largest city; the capital city is planned to be moved to the more...
- History of South SudanHistory of South SudanThe history of South Sudan comprises the history of the territory of present-day South Sudan and the peoples inhabiting the region.-Nilotic expansion:...
- History of Sudan (1956–1969)
- History of Sudan (1986–present)