A posteriori (languages)
Encyclopedia
This is the article about constructed languages. For other uses of the term "a posteriori", see a posteriori
A Posteriori
Apart from the album, some additional remixes were released exclusively through the iTunes Store. They are:*"Eppur si muove"  – 6:39*"Dreaming of Andromeda" Apart from the album, some additional remixes were released exclusively through the iTunes Store. They are:*"Eppur si muove" (Tocadisco...

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An "a posteriori language" (from Latin a posteriori - from the later), according to Louis Couturat
Louis Couturat
Louis Couturat was a French logician, mathematician, philosopher, and linguist.-Life:Born in Ris-Orangis, Essonne, France, he was educated in philosophy and mathematics at the École Normale Supérieure...

, is any constructed language
Constructed language
A planned or constructed language—known colloquially as a conlang—is a language whose phonology, grammar, and/or vocabulary has been consciously devised by an individual or group, instead of having evolved naturally...

 whose elements are borrowed or based on existing languages, as opposed to the a priori languages
A priori (languages)
An a priori language is any constructed language whose vocabulary is not based on existing languages, unlike a posteriori constructed languages. Examples of a priori languages include Ro, Solresol, Mirad, Klingon, and Na'vi...

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The a posteriori languages can be divided into three categories:
  • Simplified ethnic languages, like Basic English
    Basic English
    Basic English, also known as Simple English, is an English-based controlled language created by linguist and philosopher Charles Kay Ogden as an international auxiliary language, and as an aid for teaching English as a Second Language...

     or Latino sine flexione
    Latino sine Flexione
    Latino sine flexione , or Peano’s Interlingua , is an international auxiliary language invented by the Italian mathematician Giuseppe Peano in 1903. It is a simplified version of Latin, and retains its vocabulary...

  • Naturalistic languages, i.e. closest to the real ethnic languages (most often Latin or Romance languages), like Occidental language
    Occidental language
    The language Occidental, later Interlingue, is a planned language created by the Balto-German naval officer and teacher Edgar de Wahl and published in 1922....

     or Interlingua
    Interlingua
    Interlingua is an international auxiliary language , developed between 1937 and 1951 by the International Auxiliary Language Association...

  • Autonomous (schematic) languages, in which grammar is a priori but vocabulary is a posteriori, like Esperanto
    Esperanto
    is the most widely spoken constructed international auxiliary language. Its name derives from Doktoro Esperanto , the pseudonym under which L. L. Zamenhof published the first book detailing Esperanto, the Unua Libro, in 1887...

     or, to some extent, Volapük
    Volapük
    Volapük is a constructed language, created in 1879–1880 by Johann Martin Schleyer, a Roman Catholic priest in Baden, Germany. Schleyer felt that God had told him in a dream to create an international language. Volapük conventions took place in 1884 , 1887 and 1889 . The first two conventions used...

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In distinguishing whether the language is a priori or a posteriori the prevalence and distribution of respectable traits is often the key.
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