ADX Florence
Overview
Supermax
Supermax is the name used to describe "control-unit" prisons, or units within prisons, which represent the most secure levels of custody in the prison systems of certain countries...
prison
Prison
A prison is a place in which people are physically confined and, usually, deprived of a range of personal freedoms. Imprisonment or incarceration is a legal penalty that may be imposed by the state for the commission of a crime...
for men that is located in unincorporated
Unincorporated area
In law, an unincorporated area is a region of land that is not a part of any municipality.To "incorporate" in this context means to form a municipal corporation, a city, town, or village with its own government. An unincorporated community is usually not subject to or taxed by a municipal government...
Fremont County, Colorado
Fremont County, Colorado
Fremont County is the thirteenth most populous of the 64 counties of the state of Colorado of the United States. The county is named for explorer and presidential candidate John C. Frémont. The county population was 46,824 at the 2010 census. The county seat is Cañon City. The Cañon City...
, United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, south of Florence
Florence, Colorado
The City of Florence is a Statutory City located in Fremont County, Colorado, United States. The population was 3,653 at the 2000 census.ADX Florence, the only federal Supermax prison in the United States, is located south of Florence in an unincorporated area in Fremont County...
. It is unofficially known as ADX Florence, Florence ADMAX, Supermax, or The Alcatraz of the Rockies. It is operated by the Federal Bureau of Prisons
Federal Bureau of Prisons
The Federal Bureau of Prisons is a federal law enforcement agency subdivision of the United States Department of Justice and is responsible for the administration of the federal prison system. The system also handles prisoners who committed acts considered felonies under the District of Columbia's...
, a division of the United States Department of Justice
United States Department of Justice
The United States Department of Justice , is the United States federal executive department responsible for the enforcement of the law and administration of justice, equivalent to the justice or interior ministries of other countries.The Department is led by the Attorney General, who is nominated...
. ADX, a part of the Florence Federal Correctional Complex
Florence Federal Correctional Complex
The Florence Federal Correctional Complex, located in unincorporated Fremont County, Colorado, south of Florence. The complex is south of Denver and Colorado Springs and west of Pueblo on State Highway 67. The complex was opened in 1994...
(FCC), houses the prisoners who are deemed the most dangerous and in need of the tightest control of all the prisoners within the United States Federal Prison System.
ADX Florence was constructed as a response to two incidents that occurred on October 22, 1983, in which two inmates murdered their escorting corrections officers at the United States Penitentiary in Marion, Illinois
United States Penitentiary, Marion
The United States Penitentiary is a Federal Bureau of Prisons facility located in Southern Precinct, unincorporated Williamson County, Illinois. The facility is located south of Marion, from St. Louis, and from Chicago. It was built in 1963 to replace the Alcatraz prison in San Francisco, which...
.
Unanswered Questions
Encyclopedia
The United States Penitentiary Administrative Maximum Facility (ADX) is a supermax
prison
for men that is located in unincorporated
Fremont County, Colorado
, United States
, south of Florence
. It is unofficially known as ADX Florence, Florence ADMAX, Supermax, or The Alcatraz of the Rockies. It is operated by the Federal Bureau of Prisons
, a division of the United States Department of Justice
. ADX, a part of the Florence Federal Correctional Complex
(FCC), houses the prisoners who are deemed the most dangerous and in need of the tightest control of all the prisoners within the United States Federal Prison System.
. Relatively lax security procedures allowed an inmate, while walking down a hall, to turn to the side and approach a particular cell so an accomplice could unlock his handcuffs
with a stolen key and provide him with a knife. Two officers were killed in two separate incidents by this tactic.
As a response, the prison in Marion went into "permanent lockdown
" and transformed itself into a "control unit" prison for the next 23 years. This penal construction and operation theory dictates that inmates remain in solitary confinement
for 22–23 hours each day. They do not allow communal dining, exercising, or religious services.
Following the killings, Norman Carlson
, then director of the Federal Bureau of Prisons
, convinced the federal government that a more secure type of prison needed to be designed. There was a need to isolate uncontrollable prisoners from officers and from other prisoners for the sake of security and safety. Marion became a model for the subsequent construction of ADX Florence, a facility built as a control unit prison. Years later, Carlson said that building such a prison was the only way to handle inmates who "show absolutely no concern for human life." He pointed out that the two assailants were already serving multiple life sentences, and simply adding another would have had no effect.
ADX Florence opened in November 1994. The residents in Florence's surrounding area, Fremont County
, welcomed the prison as a source of employment in a time of economic hardship. At the time, the county was already home to nine existing prisons. However, the lure of between 750 to 900 permanent jobs, in addition to another 1,000 temporary jobs during the prison's construction, led residents in the area to raise $160,000 to purchase 600 acres (242.8 ha) for the new prison. Hundreds of people attended the groundbreaking construction of ADX Florence, which cost over $60 million.
On September 14, 2007, the first media
tour of the U.S. Bureau of Prison
's Administrative Maximum prison, or "Supermax," was allowed. Attending reporters remarked on "an astonishing and eerie quiet" within the prison as well as a sense of safety due to the rigorous security measures in place within the facility. One person who went on this tour was 60 Minutes
producer Henry Schuster, who said: "A few minutes inside that cell and two hours inside Supermax were enough to remind me why I left high school a year early. The walls close in very fast."
ADX Florence is a 37 acres (15 ha), 490-bed complex at 5880 Highway 67, Florence, Colorado. It is one of three correctional facilities of the Florence Federal Correctional Complex (FFCC), each with a different overall security level.
The prison houses several criminals who have been deemed too dangerous or too high-profile for even a maximum-security prison, as well as several terrorists and spies who are too great a national security risk to be housed in a normal prison. However, 95 percent of the inmates have been sent to Florence from other prisons due to a history of violent behavior. These prisoners are kept in solitary confinement for 23 hours a day for at least the first year. Depending on their records, they can be let out for longer periods. The long-term goal is to transfer them to a less-restrictive prison to serve out the remainder of their terms.
ADX Florence generally houses around 430 male prisoners, each assigned to one of six security levels. ADX Florence was designed jointly by DLR Group
and LKA Partners of Colorado Springs.
Most cells' furniture is made almost entirely out of poured concrete
, including the desk, stool, and bed. Each chamber contains a toilet that shuts off if plugged, a shower that runs on a timer to prevent flooding, and a sink missing a potentially dangerous trap
. Rooms may also be fitted with polished steel
mirrors bolted to the wall, an electric light, a radio, and a television
that shows recreational, educational and religious programming. These are considered privileges that may be taken away as punishment, so they are placed and remotely controlled such that the inmate does not actually come into contact with them. The 4 in (10 cm) by 4 ft (1.2 m) windows are designed to prevent the prisoner from knowing his specific location within the complex because he can see only the sky and roof through them. Additionally, inmates exercise in what has been described as an "empty swimming pool," so they do not know their location for possible escape. Telecommunication
with the outside world is forbidden, and food is hand-delivered by correctional officers. The prison as a whole contains a multitude of motion detector
s and camera
s, 1,400 remote-controlled steel doors, and 12 ft (3.66 m) high razor wire
fences. Laser beams, pressure pads, and attack dog
s guard the area between the prison walls and razor wire.
Eric Rudolph, the Olympic Park bomber, lamented in a series of 2006 letters to a Colorado Springs newspaper that the ADX is meant to "inflict misery and pain." Charles Harrelson
, who was sent to ADX after a failed attempt to escape from a Georgia prison, said "Part of the plan here is sensory deprivation," and "It could be infinitely worse." A former ADX warden described the place as "a cleaner version of Hell." There have been hundreds of "involuntary feedings" and four suicides. Most recently, in June 2009 Richard Reid
, commonly known as the "shoe bomber", went on a hunger strike
and was force-fed
. Nonetheless, the prison has come under far less scorn than comparable facilities at the state level. Jamie Fellner
of Human Rights Watch
said after a tour of the facility, "The Bureau of Prisons has taken a harsh punitive model and implemented it as well as anybody I know."
Supermax
Supermax is the name used to describe "control-unit" prisons, or units within prisons, which represent the most secure levels of custody in the prison systems of certain countries...
prison
Prison
A prison is a place in which people are physically confined and, usually, deprived of a range of personal freedoms. Imprisonment or incarceration is a legal penalty that may be imposed by the state for the commission of a crime...
for men that is located in unincorporated
Unincorporated area
In law, an unincorporated area is a region of land that is not a part of any municipality.To "incorporate" in this context means to form a municipal corporation, a city, town, or village with its own government. An unincorporated community is usually not subject to or taxed by a municipal government...
Fremont County, Colorado
Fremont County, Colorado
Fremont County is the thirteenth most populous of the 64 counties of the state of Colorado of the United States. The county is named for explorer and presidential candidate John C. Frémont. The county population was 46,824 at the 2010 census. The county seat is Cañon City. The Cañon City...
, United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, south of Florence
Florence, Colorado
The City of Florence is a Statutory City located in Fremont County, Colorado, United States. The population was 3,653 at the 2000 census.ADX Florence, the only federal Supermax prison in the United States, is located south of Florence in an unincorporated area in Fremont County...
. It is unofficially known as ADX Florence, Florence ADMAX, Supermax, or The Alcatraz of the Rockies. It is operated by the Federal Bureau of Prisons
Federal Bureau of Prisons
The Federal Bureau of Prisons is a federal law enforcement agency subdivision of the United States Department of Justice and is responsible for the administration of the federal prison system. The system also handles prisoners who committed acts considered felonies under the District of Columbia's...
, a division of the United States Department of Justice
United States Department of Justice
The United States Department of Justice , is the United States federal executive department responsible for the enforcement of the law and administration of justice, equivalent to the justice or interior ministries of other countries.The Department is led by the Attorney General, who is nominated...
. ADX, a part of the Florence Federal Correctional Complex
Florence Federal Correctional Complex
The Florence Federal Correctional Complex, located in unincorporated Fremont County, Colorado, south of Florence. The complex is south of Denver and Colorado Springs and west of Pueblo on State Highway 67. The complex was opened in 1994...
(FCC), houses the prisoners who are deemed the most dangerous and in need of the tightest control of all the prisoners within the United States Federal Prison System.
History
ADX Florence was constructed as a response to two incidents that occurred on October 22, 1983, in which two inmates murdered their escorting corrections officers at the United States Penitentiary in Marion, IllinoisUnited States Penitentiary, Marion
The United States Penitentiary is a Federal Bureau of Prisons facility located in Southern Precinct, unincorporated Williamson County, Illinois. The facility is located south of Marion, from St. Louis, and from Chicago. It was built in 1963 to replace the Alcatraz prison in San Francisco, which...
. Relatively lax security procedures allowed an inmate, while walking down a hall, to turn to the side and approach a particular cell so an accomplice could unlock his handcuffs
Handcuffs
Handcuffs are restraint devices designed to secure an individual's wrists close together. They comprise two parts, linked together by a chain, a hinge, or rigid bar. Each half has a rotating arm which engages with a ratchet that prevents it from being opened once closed around a person's wrist...
with a stolen key and provide him with a knife. Two officers were killed in two separate incidents by this tactic.
As a response, the prison in Marion went into "permanent lockdown
Solitary confinement
Solitary confinement is a special form of imprisonment in which a prisoner is isolated from any human contact, though often with the exception of members of prison staff. It is sometimes employed as a form of punishment beyond incarceration for a prisoner, and has been cited as an additional...
" and transformed itself into a "control unit" prison for the next 23 years. This penal construction and operation theory dictates that inmates remain in solitary confinement
Solitary confinement
Solitary confinement is a special form of imprisonment in which a prisoner is isolated from any human contact, though often with the exception of members of prison staff. It is sometimes employed as a form of punishment beyond incarceration for a prisoner, and has been cited as an additional...
for 22–23 hours each day. They do not allow communal dining, exercising, or religious services.
Following the killings, Norman Carlson
Norman Carlson
Norman Carlson is best known for his direction of the Federal Bureau of Prisons from 1970–1987 and longtime involvement with this bureau. During his 30 year involvement, he served in the United States Penitentiary of Leavenworth, Kansas, and also in the Federal Correctional Institution of Ashland,...
, then director of the Federal Bureau of Prisons
Federal Bureau of Prisons
The Federal Bureau of Prisons is a federal law enforcement agency subdivision of the United States Department of Justice and is responsible for the administration of the federal prison system. The system also handles prisoners who committed acts considered felonies under the District of Columbia's...
, convinced the federal government that a more secure type of prison needed to be designed. There was a need to isolate uncontrollable prisoners from officers and from other prisoners for the sake of security and safety. Marion became a model for the subsequent construction of ADX Florence, a facility built as a control unit prison. Years later, Carlson said that building such a prison was the only way to handle inmates who "show absolutely no concern for human life." He pointed out that the two assailants were already serving multiple life sentences, and simply adding another would have had no effect.
ADX Florence opened in November 1994. The residents in Florence's surrounding area, Fremont County
Fremont County, Colorado
Fremont County is the thirteenth most populous of the 64 counties of the state of Colorado of the United States. The county is named for explorer and presidential candidate John C. Frémont. The county population was 46,824 at the 2010 census. The county seat is Cañon City. The Cañon City...
, welcomed the prison as a source of employment in a time of economic hardship. At the time, the county was already home to nine existing prisons. However, the lure of between 750 to 900 permanent jobs, in addition to another 1,000 temporary jobs during the prison's construction, led residents in the area to raise $160,000 to purchase 600 acres (242.8 ha) for the new prison. Hundreds of people attended the groundbreaking construction of ADX Florence, which cost over $60 million.
On September 14, 2007, the first media
Mass media
Mass media refers collectively to all media technologies which are intended to reach a large audience via mass communication. Broadcast media transmit their information electronically and comprise of television, film and radio, movies, CDs, DVDs and some other gadgets like cameras or video consoles...
tour of the U.S. Bureau of Prison
Federal Bureau of Prisons
The Federal Bureau of Prisons is a federal law enforcement agency subdivision of the United States Department of Justice and is responsible for the administration of the federal prison system. The system also handles prisoners who committed acts considered felonies under the District of Columbia's...
's Administrative Maximum prison, or "Supermax," was allowed. Attending reporters remarked on "an astonishing and eerie quiet" within the prison as well as a sense of safety due to the rigorous security measures in place within the facility. One person who went on this tour was 60 Minutes
60 Minutes
60 Minutes is an American television news magazine, which has run on CBS since 1968. The program was created by producer Don Hewitt who set it apart by using a unique style of reporter-centered investigation....
producer Henry Schuster, who said: "A few minutes inside that cell and two hours inside Supermax were enough to remind me why I left high school a year early. The walls close in very fast."
Prison facility
The prison houses several criminals who have been deemed too dangerous or too high-profile for even a maximum-security prison, as well as several terrorists and spies who are too great a national security risk to be housed in a normal prison. However, 95 percent of the inmates have been sent to Florence from other prisons due to a history of violent behavior. These prisoners are kept in solitary confinement for 23 hours a day for at least the first year. Depending on their records, they can be let out for longer periods. The long-term goal is to transfer them to a less-restrictive prison to serve out the remainder of their terms.
ADX Florence generally houses around 430 male prisoners, each assigned to one of six security levels. ADX Florence was designed jointly by DLR Group
DLR Group
DLR Group is an architectural design firm providing architecture, engineering, planning, and interior design to clients throughout the United States...
and LKA Partners of Colorado Springs.
Most cells' furniture is made almost entirely out of poured concrete
Concrete
Concrete is a composite construction material, composed of cement and other cementitious materials such as fly ash and slag cement, aggregate , water and chemical admixtures.The word concrete comes from the Latin word...
, including the desk, stool, and bed. Each chamber contains a toilet that shuts off if plugged, a shower that runs on a timer to prevent flooding, and a sink missing a potentially dangerous trap
Trap (plumbing)
In plumbing, a trap is a U-, S-, or J-shaped pipe located below or within a plumbing fixture. An S-shaped trap is also known as the S-bend invented by Alexander Cummings in 1775 but became known as the U-bend following the introduction of the U-shaped trap by Thomas Crapper in 1880. The new U-bend...
. Rooms may also be fitted with polished steel
Steel
Steel is an alloy that consists mostly of iron and has a carbon content between 0.2% and 2.1% by weight, depending on the grade. Carbon is the most common alloying material for iron, but various other alloying elements are used, such as manganese, chromium, vanadium, and tungsten...
mirrors bolted to the wall, an electric light, a radio, and a television
Television
Television is a telecommunication medium for transmitting and receiving moving images that can be monochrome or colored, with accompanying sound...
that shows recreational, educational and religious programming. These are considered privileges that may be taken away as punishment, so they are placed and remotely controlled such that the inmate does not actually come into contact with them. The 4 in (10 cm) by 4 ft (1.2 m) windows are designed to prevent the prisoner from knowing his specific location within the complex because he can see only the sky and roof through them. Additionally, inmates exercise in what has been described as an "empty swimming pool," so they do not know their location for possible escape. Telecommunication
Telecommunication
Telecommunication is the transmission of information over significant distances to communicate. In earlier times, telecommunications involved the use of visual signals, such as beacons, smoke signals, semaphore telegraphs, signal flags, and optical heliographs, or audio messages via coded...
with the outside world is forbidden, and food is hand-delivered by correctional officers. The prison as a whole contains a multitude of motion detector
Motion detector
A motion detector is a device for motion detection. That is, it is a device that contains a physical mechanism or electronic sensor that quantifies motion that can be either integrated with or connected to other devices that alert the user of the presence of a moving object within the field of view...
s and camera
Camera
A camera is a device that records and stores images. These images may be still photographs or moving images such as videos or movies. The term camera comes from the camera obscura , an early mechanism for projecting images...
s, 1,400 remote-controlled steel doors, and 12 ft (3.66 m) high razor wire
Razor wire
Barbed tape or razor wire is a mesh of metal strips with sharp edges whose purpose is to prevent passage by humans. The term "razor wire", through long usage, has generally been used to describe barbed tape products...
fences. Laser beams, pressure pads, and attack dog
Attack dog
An attack dog is any dog bred, trained or used for the purpose of attacking a target either on command or on sight. Attack dogs have been used often throughout history and are now employed in dog fighting, as well as police and military roles.- History :...
s guard the area between the prison walls and razor wire.
Eric Rudolph, the Olympic Park bomber, lamented in a series of 2006 letters to a Colorado Springs newspaper that the ADX is meant to "inflict misery and pain." Charles Harrelson
Charles Harrelson
Charles Voyde Harrelson was an American organized crime figure who was convicted of assassinating federal judge John H. Wood, Jr., the first federal judge killed in the 20th century...
, who was sent to ADX after a failed attempt to escape from a Georgia prison, said "Part of the plan here is sensory deprivation," and "It could be infinitely worse." A former ADX warden described the place as "a cleaner version of Hell." There have been hundreds of "involuntary feedings" and four suicides. Most recently, in June 2009 Richard Reid
Richard Reid (shoe bomber)
Richard Colvin Reid , also known as the Shoe Bomber, is a self-admitted member of al-Qaeda who pled guilty in 2002 in U.S. federal court to eight criminal counts of terrorism stemming from his attempt to destroy a commercial aircraft in-flight by detonating explosives hidden in his shoes...
, commonly known as the "shoe bomber", went on a hunger strike
Hunger strike
A hunger strike is a method of non-violent resistance or pressure in which participants fast as an act of political protest, or to provoke feelings of guilt in others, usually with the objective to achieve a specific goal, such as a policy change. Most hunger strikers will take liquids but not...
and was force-fed
Force-feeding
Force-feeding is the practice of feeding a person or an animal against their will. "Gavage" is supplying a nutritional substance by means of a small plastic tube passed through the nose or mouth into the stomach, not explicitly 'forcibly'....
. Nonetheless, the prison has come under far less scorn than comparable facilities at the state level. Jamie Fellner
Jamie Fellner
Jamie Fellner is Senior Counsel for the United States Program of Human Rights Watch. The U.S. Program focuses on human rights violations within the United States. From 2004-2009 she also served on the U.S...
of Human Rights Watch
Human Rights Watch
Human Rights Watch is an international non-governmental organization that conducts research and advocacy on human rights. Its headquarters are in New York City and it has offices in Berlin, Beirut, Brussels, Chicago, Geneva, Johannesburg, London, Los Angeles, Moscow, Paris, San Francisco, Tokyo,...
said after a tour of the facility, "The Bureau of Prisons has taken a harsh punitive model and implemented it as well as anybody I know."
Notable current inmates
| Name | Conviction | Release date | ID number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Involvement in the 1993 World Trade Center bombing 1993 World Trade Center bombing The 1993 World Trade Center bombing occurred on February 26, 1993, when a truck bomb was detonated below the North Tower of the World Trade Center in New York City. The 1,336 lb urea nitrate–hydrogen gas enhanced device was intended to knock the North Tower into the South Tower , bringing... |
2087-09-20 | 28064-054 | |
| Involvement with the Gulf Cartel Gulf Cartel The Gulf Cartel is one of the most powerful drug cartels in Mexico, and perhaps the oldest organized crime group in the country... |
Life | 09935-000 | |
| Killing sheriff's deputy; transferred from the Georgia Georgia (U.S. state) Georgia is a state located in the southeastern United States. It was established in 1732, the last of the original Thirteen Colonies. The state is named after King George II of Great Britain. Georgia was the fourth state to ratify the United States Constitution, on January 2, 1788... state correctional system |
Life | 99974-555 | |
| Involvement in the 1993 World Trade Center bombing 1993 World Trade Center bombing The 1993 World Trade Center bombing occurred on February 26, 1993, when a truck bomb was detonated below the North Tower of the World Trade Center in New York City. The 1,336 lb urea nitrate–hydrogen gas enhanced device was intended to knock the North Tower into the South Tower , bringing... |
2095-04-03 | 16917-050 | |
| Involvement with the Bonanno crime family Bonanno crime family The Bonanno crime family is one of the "Five Families" that dominates organized crime activities in New York City, United States, within the nationwide criminal phenomenon known as the Mafia .... |
Life | 30694-054 | |
| Involvement with the Aryan Brotherhood Aryan Brotherhood The Aryan Brotherhood, also known as The Brand, the AB, or the One-Two, is a white supremacist prison gang and organized crime syndicate in the United States with about 20,000 members in and out of prison... |
Life | 03325-091 | |
| Involvement with the Lucchese crime family Lucchese crime family The Lucchese crime family is one of the "Five Families" that dominates organized crime activities in New York City, United States, within the nationwide criminal phenomenon known as the Mafia . The family originated in the early 1920s with Gaetano "Tommy" Reina serving as boss up until his murder... |
Life | 16802-050 | |
| Involvement with the Virginia jihad network Virginia Jihad Network The Virginia jihad network was a network of jihadists centered in Northern Virginia.Ali al-Timimi was convicted in 2005 of exhorting his followers to join the Taliban and fight US troops. The young men played paintball in 2000 and 2001 as a means of training for holy war around the globe... |
2060-05-22 | 46868-083 | |
| Involvement in the 2007 Fort Dix attack plot 2007 Fort Dix attack plot The 2007 Fort Dix attack plot involved a group of six radical Islamist men who conspired to stage an attack against U.S. Military personnel stationed at Fort Dix, New Jersey. The alleged aim of the group was to "kill as many soldiers as possible".... |
Life | 61285-066 | |
| Providing material support to terrorists | 2020-11-18 | 46680-083 | |
| Involvement with the Latin Kings | Life | 14067-074 | |
| Conspiring to perform acts of terrorism | 2038-12-09 | 92298-024 | |
| Involvement in the 1998 United States embassy bombings 1998 United States embassy bombings The 1998 United States embassy bombings were a series of attacks that occurred on August 7, 1998, in which hundreds of people were killed in simultaneous truck bomb explosions at the United States embassies in the East African capitals of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania and Nairobi, Kenya. The date of the... |
Life | 02476-748 | |
| Involvement in the 1998 United States embassy bombings 1998 United States embassy bombings The 1998 United States embassy bombings were a series of attacks that occurred on August 7, 1998, in which hundreds of people were killed in simultaneous truck bomb explosions at the United States embassies in the East African capitals of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania and Nairobi, Kenya. The date of the... |
Life | 42393-054 | |
| Soliciting the murder of a federal judge | 15177-424 | ||
| Espionage for the Soviet Union Soviet Union The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991.... and Russia Russia Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects... |
Life | 48551-083 | |
| Providing material support to terrorists | 2019-07-01 | 60011-054 | |
| Involvement with the Gangster Disciples Gangster Disciples The Black Gangster Disciple Nation is a gang which was formed on the South-side of Chicago in the late 1960s, by David Barksdale, leader of the Black Disciples, and Larry Hoover, leader of the Supreme Gangsters. The two groups united to form the Black Gangster Disciple Nation .The gang has made... |
Life | 86063-024 | |
| Involvement in the 1993 World Trade Center bombing 1993 World Trade Center bombing The 1993 World Trade Center bombing occurred on February 26, 1993, when a truck bomb was detonated below the North Tower of the World Trade Center in New York City. The 1,336 lb urea nitrate–hydrogen gas enhanced device was intended to knock the North Tower into the South Tower , bringing... |
2204-08-29 | 37802-054 | |
| Conspiring to perform acts of terrorism | Life | 06909-091 | |
| Killing people and injuring 23 others during a 20-year bombing spree | Life | 04475-046 | |
| Providing material support to terrorists | 2015-01-18 | 12194-026 | |
| Involvement with organized crime in New York New York New York is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east... |
Life | 24651-053 | |
| Involvement with the Medellín Cartel Medellín Cartel The Medellín Cartel was an organized network of "drug suppliers and smugglers" originating in the city of Medellín, Colombia. The drug cartel operated in Colombia, Bolivia, Peru, Central America, the United States, as well as Canada and Europe throughout the 1970s and 1980s. It was founded and... |
Life | 37671-133 | |
| Killing people; transferred from the North Dakota North Dakota North Dakota is a state located in the Midwestern region of the United States of America, along the Canadian border. The state is bordered by Canada to the north, Minnesota to the east, South Dakota to the south and Montana to the west. North Dakota is the 19th-largest state by area in the U.S.... state correctional system |
Life | 13829-045 | |
| Involvement with the Aryan Brotherhood Aryan Brotherhood The Aryan Brotherhood, also known as The Brand, the AB, or the One-Two, is a white supremacist prison gang and organized crime syndicate in the United States with about 20,000 members in and out of prison... |
Life | 14559-116 | |
| Involvement in the 1998 United States embassy bombings 1998 United States embassy bombings The 1998 United States embassy bombings were a series of attacks that occurred on August 7, 1998, in which hundreds of people were killed in simultaneous truck bomb explosions at the United States embassies in the East African capitals of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania and Nairobi, Kenya. The date of the... |
Life | 44623-054 | |
| Involvement in the 2001 September 11 attacks | Life | 51427-054 | |
| Involvement in the 1994 Bojinka plot and the bombing of Philippine Airlines Flight 434 Philippine Airlines Flight 434 Philippine Airlines Flight 434 was the route designator of a flight from Ninoy Aquino International Airport, Pasay City, the Philippines, to New Tokyo International Airport , Narita near Tokyo, Japan, with one stop at Mactan-Cebu International Airport, Cebu, the Philippines.On December 11, 1994... |
Life | 37437-054 | |
| Involvement in the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing Oklahoma City bombing The Oklahoma City bombing was a terrorist bomb attack on the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in downtown Oklahoma City on April 19, 1995. It was the most destructive act of terrorism on American soil until the September 11, 2001 attacks. The Oklahoma blast claimed 168 lives, including 19... |
Life | 08157-031 | |
| Involvement in the 1998 United States embassy bombings 1998 United States embassy bombings The 1998 United States embassy bombings were a series of attacks that occurred on August 7, 1998, in which hundreds of people were killed in simultaneous truck bomb explosions at the United States embassies in the East African capitals of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania and Nairobi, Kenya. The date of the... |
Life | 42375-054 | |
| Involvement in the 1998 United States embassy bombings 1998 United States embassy bombings The 1998 United States embassy bombings were a series of attacks that occurred on August 7, 1998, in which hundreds of people were killed in simultaneous truck bomb explosions at the United States embassies in the East African capitals of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania and Nairobi, Kenya. The date of the... |
Life | 42371-054 | |
| Providing material support to terrorists | 2021-10-02 | 20796-424 | |
| Providing material support to terrorists | 2029-05-17 | 54896-054 | |
| Involvement with the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia – People's Army is a Marxist–Leninist revolutionary guerrilla organization based in Colombia which is involved in the ongoing Colombian armed conflict, currently involved in drug dealing and crimes against the civilians..FARC-EP is a peasant army which... |
2056-04-10 | 27896-016 | |
| Involvement with the United Blood Nation United Blood Nation The United Blood Nation, simply called the East Coast Bloods is primarily a street gang formed in 1993 within the New York City jail system on Rikers Island's George Mochen Detention Center. GMDC was used to segregate problem inmates from the rest of the detention center. Prior to this time period,... |
2044-12-19 | 30063-037 | |
| Involvement in the 2001 shoe bomb plot | Life | 24079-038 | |
| Involvement in the 2000 millennium attack plots 2000 millennium attack plots The Year 2000 attack plots were terrorist attacks planned to occur on or near January 1, 2000: the bombing of four sites in Jordan, the bombing of Los Angeles International Airport , and the bombing of the USS The Sullivans. The first two plots were foiled by law enforcement agencies; the third was... |
2019-07-15 | 29638-086 | |
| Involvement with the Virginia jihad network Virginia Jihad Network The Virginia jihad network was a network of jihadists centered in Northern Virginia.Ali al-Timimi was convicted in 2005 of exhorting his followers to join the Taliban and fight US troops. The young men played paintball in 2000 and 2001 as a means of training for holy war around the globe... |
2021-02-06 | 46812-083 | |
| Involvement in the 1996 Centennial Olympic Park bombing Centennial Olympic Park bombing The Centennial Olympic Park bombing was a terrorist bombing on July 27, 1996 in Atlanta, Georgia, United States during the 1996 Summer Olympics, the first of four committed by Eric Robert Rudolph... |
Life | 18282-058 | |
| Involvement in the 1993 World Trade Center bombing 1993 World Trade Center bombing The 1993 World Trade Center bombing occurred on February 26, 1993, when a truck bomb was detonated below the North Tower of the World Trade Center in New York City. The 1,336 lb urea nitrate–hydrogen gas enhanced device was intended to knock the North Tower into the South Tower , bringing... |
2095-01-22 | 34338-054 | |
| Involvement in the 1998 United States embassy bombings 1998 United States embassy bombings The 1998 United States embassy bombings were a series of attacks that occurred on August 7, 1998, in which hundreds of people were killed in simultaneous truck bomb explosions at the United States embassies in the East African capitals of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania and Nairobi, Kenya. The date of the... |
Life | 42426-054 | |
| Involvement in the 2010 Times Square car bombing attempt 2010 Times Square car bombing attempt The attempted car bombing of Times Square on May 1, 2010, was a planned terrorist attack that was foiled when two street vendors discovered the car bomb and alerted a NYPD Patrolman to the car bomb threat after they spotted smoke coming from a vehicle... |
Life | 63510-054 | |
| Involvement with the Aryan Brotherhood Aryan Brotherhood The Aryan Brotherhood, also known as The Brand, the AB, or the One-Two, is a white supremacist prison gang and organized crime syndicate in the United States with about 20,000 members in and out of prison... |
2095-11-02 | 14634-116 | |
| Poisoning at least people | Life | 08352-424 | |
| Involvement with the United Nuwaubian Nation of Moors Nuwaubianism The Nuwaubian Nation or Nuwaubian movement led by Malachi York,... |
2119-12-15 | 17911-054 | |
| Involvement in the 1993 World Trade Center bombing 1993 World Trade Center bombing The 1993 World Trade Center bombing occurred on February 26, 1993, when a truck bomb was detonated below the North Tower of the World Trade Center in New York City. The 1,336 lb urea nitrate–hydrogen gas enhanced device was intended to knock the North Tower into the South Tower , bringing... and the 1994 Bojinka plot |
Life | 03911-000 |
External links
- Official website of Federal Bureau of Prisons and its section on ADX Florence. Information on visiting is on the linked PDF
- "Supermax: A Clean Version Of Hell." CBS NewsCBS NewsCBS News is the news division of American television and radio network CBS. The current chairman is Jeff Fager who is also the executive producer of 60 Minutes, while the current president of CBS News is David Rhodes. CBS News' flagship program is the CBS Evening News, hosted by the network's main...
. October 14, 2007. Updated on June 19, 2009.