1865 in Australia
Encyclopedia
See also:
1864 in Australia
,
other events of 1865,
1866 in Australia
and the
Timeline of Australian history
.
:
:
1864 in Australia
1864 in Australia
See also:1863 in Australia,1865 in Australia and theTimeline of Australian history.-Governors:Governors of the Australian colonies:*Governor of New South Wales – John Young, 1st Baron Lisgar*Governor of Queensland – Sir George Bowen...
,
other events of 1865,
1866 in Australia
1866 in Australia
See also:1865 in Australia,other events of 1866,1867 in Australia and theTimeline of Australian history.-Events:*1 February - Arthur Macalister becomes Premier of Queensland...
and the
Timeline of Australian history
Timeline of Australian history
This is a timeline of Australian history.-BC:*c. 68,000–40,000 BC: Aboriginal tribes are thought to have arrived in Australia.*c. 13,000 BC: Land bridges between mainland Australia and Tasmania are flooded. Tasmanian Aboriginal people become isolated for the next 12,000 – 13,000 years.*c...
.
Governors
Governors of the Australian coloniesGovernors of the Australian states
The Governors of the Australian states are the representatives of the Queen of Australia in each of that country's six states. The Governors perform the same constitutional and ceremonial functions at the state level as does the Governor-General of Australia at the national level...
:
- Governor of New South WalesGovernors of New South WalesThe Governor of New South Wales is the state viceregal representative of the Australian monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, who is equally shared with 15 other sovereign nations in a form of personal union, as well as with the eleven other jurisdictions of Australia, and resides predominantly in her...
- Sir John Young, BtJohn Young, 1st Baron LisgarJohn Young, 1st Baron Lisgar, Bt, GCB, GCMG, PC was the second Governor General of Canada, in office from 1869 to 1872.-Biography:... - Governor of QueenslandGovernors of QueenslandThe Governor of Queensland is the representative in the state of Queensland of the Queen of Australia. The Governor performs the same constitutional and ceremonial functions at the state level as does the Governor-General of Australia at the national level....
- Sir George Bowen - Governor of South AustraliaGovernors of South AustraliaThe Governor of South Australia is the representative in the Australian state of South Australia of Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia. The Governor performs the same constitutional and ceremonial functions at the state level as does the Governor-General of Australia at the national level.In...
- Sir Dominick DalyDominick DalySir Dominick Daly was the Governor of Prince Edward Island from 11 July 1854 to 25 May 1859 and later Governor of South Australia from 4 March 1862 until his death on 19 February 1868.... - Governor of TasmaniaGovernors of TasmaniaThe Governor of Tasmania is the representative in the Australian state of Tasmania of Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia. The Governor performs the same constitutional and ceremonial functions at the state level as the Governor-General of Australia does at the national level.In accordance with the...
- Colonel Thomas BrowneThomas Gore BrowneColonel Sir Thomas Robert Gore Browne KCMG CB was a British colonial administrator, who was Governor of St Helena, Governor of New Zealand, Governor of Tasmania and Governor of Bermuda.-Early life:... - Governor of VictoriaGovernors of VictoriaThe Governor of Victoria is the representative in the Australian state of Victoria of its monarch, Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia. The Governor performs the same constitutional and ceremonial functions at the state level as does the Governor-General of Australia at the national level...
- Sir Charles DarlingCharles Henry DarlingSir Charles Henry Darling KCB was a British colonial governor.He was born at Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia, the son of Major-General Henry Darling and nephew of General Sir Ralph Darling....
Premiers
Premiers of the Australian coloniesPremiers of the Australian states
The Premiers of the Australian states are the de facto heads of the executive governments in the six states of the Commonwealth of Australia. They perform the same function at the state level as the Prime Minister of Australia performs at the national level. The territory equivalents to the...
:
- Premier of New South WalesPremiers of New South WalesThe Premier of New South Wales is the head of government in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The Government of New South Wales follows the Westminster system, with a Parliament of New South Wales acting as the legislature...
- James MartinJames Martin (Australian politician)Sir James Martin, KCB, QC was three times Premier of New South Wales, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales from 1873 to 1886.-Early career:...
until 3 February, then Charles CowperCharles CowperSir Charles Cowper, KCMG was an Australian politician and the Premier of New South Wales on five different occasions from 1856 to 1870.... - Premier of QueenslandPremiers of QueenslandBefore the 1890s, there was no developed party system in Queensland. Political affiliation labels before that time indicate a general tendency only. Before the end of the first decade of the twentieth century, political parties were more akin to parliamentary factions, and were fluid, informal and...
- Robert HerbertRobert HerbertSir Robert George Wyndham Herbert, GCB , was the first Premier of Queensland, Australia.-Early years:Born in Brighton, England, Herbert was the only son of the Hon. Algernon Herbert, a younger son of the first Earl of Carnarvon. He was educated at Eton and Balliol College, Oxford... - Premier of South AustraliaPremiers of South AustraliaBefore the 1890s when there was no formal party system in South Australia, MPs tended to have historical liberal or conservative beliefs. The liberals dominated government from 1893 to 1905 with Labor support, with the conservatives mostly in opposition. Labor took government with the support of...
- Arthur BlythArthur BlythSir Arthur Blyth KCMG was premier of South Australia three times; 1864–1865, 1871–1872 and 1873-1875....
until 22 March, then Francis DuttonFrancis DuttonFrancis Stacker Dutton CMG was the seventh Premier of South Australia, serving twice, firstly in 1863 and again in 1865....
until 20 September, then Henry AyersHenry AyersSir Henry Ayers GCMG was Premier of South Australia five times between 1863 and 1873, but is perhaps best remembered for having Uluru/Ayers Rock named for him.- Overview :...
until 23 October, then John Hart, snrJohn Hart, seniorCaptain John Hart was a South Australian politician and a Premier of South Australia.-Early life:The son of journalist/newspaper publisher John Harriott Hart & Mary nee Glanville, John was born on 25 February 1809 probably at 23 Warwick Lane off Newgate Street, London. At Christ Church, Greyfriars...
. - Premier of TasmaniaPremiers of TasmaniaThe Premier of Tasmania is the head of the executive government in the Australian state of Tasmania. By convention, the party or political grouping which has majority support in the House of Assembly will nominate its leader to be Premier. The nominated politician is then invited by the Governor of...
- James WhyteJames Whyte (Australian politician)James Whyte was a Scottish-born Australian politician who served as the sixth Premier of Tasmania, from 20 January 1863 to 24 November 1866.-Early life:... - Premier of VictoriaPremiers of VictoriaThe Premier of Victoria is the leader of the government in the Australian state of Victoria. The Premier is appointed by the Governor of Victoria, and is the leader of the political party able to secure a majority in the Legislative Assembly....
- James McCullochJames McCullochJames McCulloch is also the name of the cashier of the Baltimore branch of the Second National Bank of the United States. This James McCulloch was not involved in the McCulloch vs. Maryland U.S. Supreme Court case....
Events
- 26 January - Bushrangers Ben Hall, Johnny GilbertJohn Gilbert (bushranger)Johnny Gilbert was an Australian bushranger shot dead by the police at the age of 23 near Binalong, New South Wales on 13 May 1865.John Gilbert was the only Australian bushranger never to go to prison...
and John DunnJohn Dunn (bushranger)John Dunn was an Australian bushranger. He was born at Murrumburrah near Yass, New South Wales. He was hanged in Darlinghurst Gaol.-Criminal career:...
hold up Kimberley's Inn in the town of Collector, New South WalesCollector, New South WalesCollector is a small village on the Federal Highway in New South Wales, Australia halfway between Goulburn and the Australian Capital Territory. It is seven kilometres north of Lake George...
. Dunn shoots and kills the local police officer, Constable Samuel Nelson. - 21 February - A Royal CommissionRoyal CommissionIn Commonwealth realms and other monarchies a Royal Commission is a major ad-hoc formal public inquiry into a defined issue. They have been held in various countries such as the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and Saudi Arabia...
into the origin and nature of contagious bovine pleuropneumoniaContagious bovine pleuropneumoniaContagious bovine pleuropneumonia , is a contagious bacterial disease that afflicts the lungs of cattle, buffalo, zebu, and yaks....
(a cattle disease) presents its third and final report to the Parliament of VictoriaParliament of VictoriaThe Parliament of Victoria is the bicameral legislature of the Australian state of Victoria. It follows a Westminster-derived parliamentary system and consists of The Queen, represented by the Governor of Victoria; the Legislative Council ; and the Legislative Assembly...
. - 8 April - Bushranger Dan MorganDan Morgan (bushranger)John Fuller was an Australian bushranger.Fuller was born in Appin, New South Wales, Australia around 1830 to George Fuller and Mary Owen. He was their illigitimate son and from the ages of 2 to 17 he lived with an adoptive father, John Roberts...
is shot dead by a stockman during a police siege at Wangaratta, VictoriaWangaratta, VictoriaWangaratta is a cathedral city of almost 17,000 people in the northeast of Victoria, Australia, about from Melbourne along the Hume Highway, with Benalla to the southwest, and Albury-Wodonga to the northeast. It is located at the junction of the Ovens and King rivers which flow from the...
. - 5 May - Bushranger Ben Hall is shot dead by police at Goobang CreekGoobang CreekGoobang Creek is a tributary of the Lachlan River in New South Wales, Australia. It joins the Lachlan River at the town of Condobolin. Prior to European settlement, the area was inhabited by the Wiradjuri people. Major Thomas Mitchell and John Oxley were early explorers in the area. The town of...
in New South WalesNew South WalesNew South Wales is a state of :Australia, located in the east of the country. It is bordered by Queensland, Victoria and South Australia to the north, south and west respectively. To the east, the state is bordered by the Tasman Sea, which forms part of the Pacific Ocean. New South Wales...
. - 13 May - Bushranger Johnny GilbertJohn Gilbert (bushranger)Johnny Gilbert was an Australian bushranger shot dead by the police at the age of 23 near Binalong, New South Wales on 13 May 1865.John Gilbert was the only Australian bushranger never to go to prison...
is shot dead by police at Binalong, New South WalesBinalong, New South WalesBinalong is a village in the Southern Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia, 37 km north-west of Yass in Yass Valley Shire. In 2006, the town had a population of about 269 people.- Overview :...
. - 1 July - Stamp dutyStamp dutyStamp duty is a tax that is levied on documents. Historically, this included the majority of legal documents such as cheques, receipts, military commissions, marriage licences and land transactions. A physical stamp had to be attached to or impressed upon the document to denote that stamp duty...
is introduced in New South WalesNew South WalesNew South Wales is a state of :Australia, located in the east of the country. It is bordered by Queensland, Victoria and South Australia to the north, south and west respectively. To the east, the state is bordered by the Tasman Sea, which forms part of the Pacific Ocean. New South Wales...
with the Stamp Duties Act of 1865. - 17 July - The wooden barquentineBarquentineA barquentine is a sailing vessel with three or more masts; with a square rigged foremast and fore-and-aft rigged main, mizzen and any other masts.-Modern barquentine sailing rig:...
Ada collides with the RMS Jeddo and sinks in Sydney Harbour. - 31 July - Queensland RailQueensland RailQueensland Rail, also known as QR, is a government-owned railway operator in the state of Queensland. Under the control of the Queensland Government, Queensland Rail operates the inner-city and long-distance passenger services, as well as some freight operations and gives railway access to other...
ways opens the first section of track from IpswichIpswich, QueenslandIpswich is a city in South-East Queensland, Australia. Situated along the Bremer River Valley approximately 40 kilometres away from the state's capital Brisbane. The suburb by the same name forms the city's Central Business District and administrative centre...
to Bigge's CampGrandchester, QueenslandGrandchester is a town in the Lockyer Valley region in South East Queensland, Australia. It is located 76 km west of the Brisbane CBD and is situated on the border of the Ipswich and Laidley local government areas. The name comes from Grantchester, a village outside of Cambridge in England...
, the first narrow gauge mainline railway in the world. - 30 December - A general election is held in VictoriaVictoria (Australia)Victoria is the second most populous state in Australia. Geographically the smallest mainland state, Victoria is bordered by New South Wales, South Australia, and Tasmania on Boundary Islet to the north, west and south respectively....
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Unknown dates
- Arnott's BiscuitsArnott's Biscuits HoldingsArnott's Biscuits Holdings , is a subsidiary of the Campbell Soup Company of the United States.In Australia Arnott's is the largest producer of biscuits and the second-largest supplier of snack food.-History:...
is founded by Scottish baker William Arnott.
Births
- 4 March - Edward DysonEdward DysonEdward George Dyson was an Australian journalist, poet, playwright and short story writer. He was the elder brother of talented illustrators Will Dyson and Ambrose Dyson.-Early life:...
, poet and novelist (d. 1931) - 12 March - E. Phillips FoxE. Phillips Fox- Education :Fox was born on 12 March 1865 to Alexander Fox and Rosetta Phillips at 12 Victoria Parade in Fitzroy, Melbourne, into a legal family whose firm, DLA Phillips Fox, still exists. He studied art at the National Gallery School in Melbourne from 1878 until 1886 under G. F...
, naturalist painter (d. 1915) - 25 March - Ernest GauntErnest GauntAdmiral Sir Ernest Frederick Augustus Gaunt KBE , a native of Australia, was a Royal Navy officer who went on to be Commander-in-Chief of the Western Approaches.-Naval career:...
, Royal Navy admiral (d. 1940) - 16 April - Harry ChauvelHenry George ChauvelGeneral Sir Harry Chauvel GCMG, KCB was a senior officer of the Australian Imperial Force who fought at Gallipoli and in the Middle Eastern theatre during the First World War. He was the first Australian to attain the rank of lieutenant general and later general, and the first to lead a corps...
, soldier (d. 1945) - 2 May - Jens JensenJens JensenJens August Jensen was an Australian politician and Minister for the Navy.Jensen was born in Ballarat, Victoria and educated at Ballarat, leaving school at 11. He became a rabbit-hawker and miner at Beaconsfield, Tasmania. In July 1885 he married Elizabeth Frances Broadhurst; she died in 1894...
, politician (d. 1936) - 4 May - David John GordonDavid Gordon (Australian politician)Sir David John Gordon was an Australian politician. He was a member of the House of Representatives in the Federal Parliament, and later of the Legislative Council in the Parliament of South Australia....
, South Australian politician (d. 1946) - 27 June - John MonashJohn MonashGeneral Sir John Monash GCMG, KCB, VD was a civil engineer who became the Australian military commander in the First World War. He commanded the 13th Infantry Brigade before the War and then became commander of the 4th Brigade in Egypt shortly after the outbreak of the War with whom he took part...
, soldier (d. 1931) - 18 July - Dowell Philip O'ReillyDowell Philip O'ReillyDowell Philip O'Reilly was an Australian poet, short story writer and politician.-Early life:O'Reilly was born at Sydney. His father, Rev. Thomas O'Reilly, was a well known clergyman of the Church of England, who came of a family with many military and naval associations...
, writer (d. 1923) - 16 August - Mary GilmoreMary GilmoreDame Mary Gilmore DBE was a prominent Australian socialist poet and journalist.-Early life:Mary Jean Cameron was born on 16 August 1865 at Cotta Walla near Goulburn, New South Wales...
, socialist poet and journalist (d. 1962) - 18 August - Frank AnsteyFrank AnsteyFrank Anstey , Australian politician, served 38 years as a Labor member of the Victorian and Commonwealth parliaments....
, politician (d. 1940) - 14 September - John NorthmoreJohn NorthmoreSir John Alfred Northmore KCMG was a Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Western Australia, which is the highest ranking court in the Australian State of Western Australia.-See also:* Judiciary of Australia...
, chief justice of Western Australia (d. 1958) - 17 September - William Murray McPhersonWilliam Murray McPhersonSir William Murray McPherson, KBE was an Australian philanthropist and politician. He was the 31st Premier of Victoria....
, premier of Victoria (d. 1932) - 27 November - Walter Frederick GaleWalter Frederick GaleWalter Frederick Gale was an Australian banker. Gale was born in Paddington, Sydney. He had a strong interest in astronomy and built his first telescope in 1884....
, banker and astronomer (d. 1945)
Deaths
- 10 March - William NicholsonWilliam Nicholson (Australian politician)William Nicholson was an Australian colonial politician who became the third Premier of Victoria. He is remembered for having been called the "father of the ballot" due to his responsibility in introducing the secret ballot in Victoria.Nicholson was born in Whitehaven, Cumberland, the son of an...
, mayor of Melbourne and premier of Victoria (b. 1816) - 8 April - Dan MorganDan Morgan (bushranger)John Fuller was an Australian bushranger.Fuller was born in Appin, New South Wales, Australia around 1830 to George Fuller and Mary Owen. He was their illigitimate son and from the ages of 2 to 17 he lived with an adoptive father, John Roberts...
, bushranger (b. 1930) - 5 May - Ben Hall, bushranger (b. 1837)
- 13 May - John GilbertJohn Gilbert (bushranger)Johnny Gilbert was an Australian bushranger shot dead by the police at the age of 23 near Binalong, New South Wales on 13 May 1865.John Gilbert was the only Australian bushranger never to go to prison...
, bushranger (b. 1842) - 18 May - Angus McMillanAngus McMillanAngus McMillan , was an explorer and pioneer pastoralist in Gippsland, Victoria, Australia. He is also known for being an instigator of many of the massacres against the Aboriginal peoples in the Gippsland region.-Early life:...
, explorer (b. 1810) - 28 September - Edward WiseEdward WiseEdward Wise was a judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales.Wise was born in England, educated at Rugby School, and called to the bar in 1844. He went to Sydney, Australia in 1855 and soon afterward entered politics...
, NSW Supreme Court judge (b. 1818) - 21 October - Francis Tuckfield, missionary (b. 1808)