1845 in Ireland
Encyclopedia
Events
- Devon CommissionDevon CommissionThe Devon Commission was a commission that was appointed by Sir Robert Peel to research the problems with land leases. It was formed by a queen's proclamation issued 20 November 1843 and reported 14 February 1845. This was a positive step for the government as it made the Irish believe that...
reports to the British government on the poor living conditions of the Irish population: "in many districts their only food is the potato". - August–September – Previously unknown Potato blight strikes the potatoPotatoThe potato is a starchy, tuberous crop from the perennial Solanum tuberosum of the Solanaceae family . The word potato may refer to the plant itself as well as the edible tuber. In the region of the Andes, there are some other closely related cultivated potato species...
crop: start of the Irish Potato Famine. - Construction begins of the "Leviathan of ParsonstownLeviathan of ParsonstownLeviathan of Parsonstown is the unofficial name of the Rosse six foot telescope. This is a historic reflecting telescope of 72 in aperture, which was the largest telescope in the world from 1845 until the construction of the 100 in Hooker Telescope in 1917...
", a telescope built by William Parsons, 3rd Earl of RosseWilliam Parsons, 3rd Earl of RosseWilliam Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse, Knight of the Order of St Patrick was an Irish astronomer who had several telescopes built. His 72-inch telescope "Leviathan", built 1845, was the world's largest telescope until the early 20th century.-Life:He was born in Yorkshire, England, in the city of...
. - Work completed on the building of Crumlin Road Gaol in BelfastBelfastBelfast is the capital of and largest city in Northern Ireland. By population, it is the 14th biggest city in the United Kingdom and second biggest on the island of Ireland . It is the seat of the devolved government and legislative Northern Ireland Assembly...
.
Births
- 23 March – John T. BrowneJohn T. BrowneJohn Thomas Browne was an Irish Catholic Mayor of Houston, Texas. He was instrumental in starting the Houston Fire Department as a paid force. He served in that post from 1892 to 1896 and then in the Texas House of Representatives from 1897 to 1899 and again in 1907...
, Mayor of Houston, TexasTexasTexas is the second largest U.S. state by both area and population, and the largest state by area in the contiguous United States.The name, based on the Caddo word "Tejas" meaning "friends" or "allies", was applied by the Spanish to the Caddo themselves and to the region of their settlement in...
(d.19411941 in Ireland-Events:*January 2 - Three Carlow women are killed in a night of bombing in parts of Leinster.*January 13 - The poet and novelist James Joyce dies in Switzerland.*January 24 - Part of the old State Chambers in Dublin Castle are destroyed by fire....
). - 6 April – Edward HardmanEdward HardmanEdward Townley Hardman was a geologist who played a key role in the discovery of Western Australia's Kimberley goldfields.Edward Hardman was born in Drogheda in County Louth, Ireland on 6 April 1845...
, geologist (d.18871887 in Ireland-Events:*29 January - The Dublin newspaper The Union is founded. The Unionist newspaper's goals are stated in its first edition as "A Journal devoted to the maintenance of the Union in the three kingdoms."...
). - 10 June – David Dickson RogersDavid Dickson RogersDavid Dickson Rogers was a Canadian politician in the province of Ontario.Born in County Monaghan, Ireland, his parents emigrated to Canada when he was an infant and settled in Prince Edward County, Upper Canada. Rogers was educated at the Kingston Collegiate Institute. A farmer, he settled in...
, politician in OntarioOntarioOntario is a province of Canada, located in east-central Canada. It is Canada's most populous province and second largest in total area. It is home to the nation's most populous city, Toronto, and the nation's capital, Ottawa....
(d.19151915 in Ireland-Events:*April 4–25,000 National Volunteers assemble at the Phoenix Park. John Redmond takes the salute from under the statue of Charles Stewart Parnell on Sackville Street....
). - 17 June – Emily LawlessEmily LawlessEmily Lawless was an Irish novelist and poet from County Kildare.-Biography :She was born at Lyons House below Lyons Hill, Ardclough, County Kildare. Her grandfather was Valentine Lawless, a member of the United Irishmen and son of a convert from Catholicism to the Church of Ireland. Her father...
, writer (d.19131913 in Ireland-Events:*30 January - At Westminster the House of Lords rejects the Home Rule Bill by 326 to 69.*7 July - The Home Rule Bill is once again carried in the House of Commons, despite attempts by Bonar Law to obstruct it....
). - 1 July – James M. Bell, United States ArmyUnited States ArmyThe United States Army is the main branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for land-based military operations. It is the largest and oldest established branch of the U.S. military, and is one of seven U.S. uniformed services...
soldier, awarded the Medal of HonorMedal of HonorThe Medal of Honor is the highest military decoration awarded by the United States government. It is bestowed by the President, in the name of Congress, upon members of the United States Armed Forces who distinguish themselves through "conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his or her...
in 1876 during the Indian Wars (d.19011901 in Ireland-Events:*January 1 — The centenary of the Act of Union is celebrated by British forces in Ireland.*January 3 — Despite some opposition Drogheda Corporation votes to confer the freedom of the town on President Kruger of the Boers....
). - 4 July – Thomas John BarnardoThomas John BarnardoThomas John Barnardo was a philanthropist and founder and director of homes for poor children, born in Dublin. From the foundation of the first Barnardo's home in 1870 to the date of Barnardo’s death, nearly 100,000 children had been rescued, trained and given a better life.- Early life :Barnardo...
, philanthropist (d.19051905 in Ireland-Events:*9 January - The Lillebonne, the largest vessel ever constructed in Dublin, is successfully launched in the North Wall Yard.*6 March - The obligation of the Post Office in regard to letters addressed in Irish is raised in the British House of Commons...
).
Full date unknown
- James CareyJames CareyJames Carey was a Fenian and informer most notable for his involvement in the Phoenix Park murders.Carey was son of Francis Carey, a bricklayer, who came from Celbridge, in Kildare, to Dublin, where his son was born in James Street in 1845. He also was a bricklayer, and for 18 years continued in...
, FenianFenianThe Fenians , both the Fenian Brotherhood and Irish Republican Brotherhood , were fraternal organisations dedicated to the establishment of an independent Irish Republic in the 19th and early 20th century. The name "Fenians" was first applied by John O'Mahony to the members of the Irish republican...
and informer (d.18831883 in Ireland-Events:*April - The narrow gauge Castlederg and Victoria Bridge Tramway opens in County Tyrone.*1 November - Mater Infirmorum Hospital in Belfast admits its first patients.-Soccer:*International*Irish Cup-Births:...
). - Eglantyne Louisa JebbEglantyne Louisa JebbEglantyne Louisa Jebb was a social reformer. Born in Killiney, Ireland, she married her cousin Arthur Trevor Jebb , a barrister and landowner from Ellesmere, Shropshire. Her brother was the classicist Sir Richard Claverhouse Jebb...
, social reformer (d.19251925 in Ireland-Events:*February 11 - In the Dáil a resolution is passed making it illegal for any citizen to secure a divorce with the right to re-marry in the State....
). - John PinkertonJohn Pinkerton (politician)John Pinkerton was an Irish Protestant nationalist politician and Member of Parliament in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. As a member of the Irish Parliamentary Party he represented Galway Borough from 1886 to 1900.Born in Ballymoney, Co Antrim, the son...
, Irish Parliamentary PartyIrish Parliamentary PartyThe Irish Parliamentary Party was formed in 1882 by Charles Stewart Parnell, the leader of the Nationalist Party, replacing the Home Rule League, as official parliamentary party for Irish nationalist Members of Parliament elected to the House of Commons at...
MP (d.19081908 in Ireland-Events:*19 May - Work begins on a monument to Charles Stewart Parnell in Upper Sackville Street, Dublin.*31 July - Irish Universities Act receives Royal Assent in the Parliament of the UK. This ultimately leads to the establishment of the National University of Ireland and Queen's University of...
).
Deaths
- 22 February – William Wellesley-Pole, 3rd Earl of MorningtonWilliam Wellesley-Pole, 3rd Earl of MorningtonWilliam Wellesley-Pole, 3rd Earl of Mornington GCH, PC, PC , known as The Lord Maryborough between 1821 and 1842, was a British politician and an elder brother of the Duke of Wellington....
, politician (b.17631763 in Ireland-Births:*20 June - Theobald Wolfe Tone, leading figure in the United Irishmen, died from self-inflicted wound after being sentenced to death for his part in the Irish Rebellion of 1798 ....
). - 28 April – James GrahamJames Graham (soldier)James Graham was an Irish non-commissioned officer in the British Army during the Napoleonic wars, recognised as the "bravest man in the army". Serving in the Coldstream Guards, he was commended for his gallantry during the defence of Hougoumont, at Waterloo...
, soldier, commended for his gallantry during the Battle of WaterlooBattle of WaterlooThe Battle of Waterloo was fought on Sunday 18 June 1815 near Waterloo in present-day Belgium, then part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands...
(b.17911791 in Ireland-Births:*6 March - John McHale, Roman Catholic Archbishop of Tuam, Irish Nationalist and writer .*17 August - Richard Lalor Sheil, politician, writer and orator .*14 December - Charles Wolfe, poet .-Full date unknown:...
). - 13 July – Johnston DrummondJohnston DrummondJohnston Drummond was an early settler of Western Australia who became a respected botanical and zoological collector.The son of botanist James Drummond, Johnston Drummond was born in County Cork, Ireland in 1820...
, early settler of Western AustraliaWestern AustraliaWestern Australia is a state of Australia, occupying the entire western third of the Australian continent. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the north and west, the Great Australian Bight and Indian Ocean to the south, the Northern Territory to the north-east and South Australia to the south-east...
, botanicalBotanyBotany, plant science, or plant biology is a branch of biology that involves the scientific study of plant life. Traditionally, botany also included the study of fungi, algae and viruses...
and zoologicalZoologyZoology |zoölogy]]), is the branch of biology that relates to the animal kingdom, including the structure, embryology, evolution, classification, habits, and distribution of all animals, both living and extinct...
collector (b.18201820 in Ireland-Births:*31 May - Timothy Burns, Lieutenant Governor of Wisconsin from 1851 to 1853 .*3 June - Thomas William Moffett, scholar, educationalist and President of Queen's College Galway ....
). - 16 September – Thomas Osborne DavisThomas Osborne Davis (Irish politician)Thomas Osborne Davis was a revolutionary Irish writer who was the chief organizer and poet of the Young Ireland movement.-Early life:...
, lawyer and writer, author of the song "A Nation Once AgainA Nation Once Again"A Nation Once Again" is a song, written in the early to mid-1840s by Thomas Osborne Davis . Davis was a founder of an Irish movement whose aim was the independence of Ireland....
" (b.18141814 in Ireland-Events:*Apprentice Boys of Derry organisation is formed, although the Siege of Derry had been celebrated from the 17th century.-Births:*10 January - Aubrey Thomas de Vere, poet and critic .*9 May - John Brougham, actor and dramatist ....
). - 17 December – Armar Lowry-Corry, 3rd Earl BelmoreArmar Lowry-Corry, 3rd Earl BelmoreArmar Lowry-Corry, 3rd Earl Belmore , known as Viscount Corry from 1802 to 1841, was an Irish nobleman and politician.-Background and career:...
, politician and High SheriffHigh SheriffA high sheriff is, or was, a law enforcement officer in the United Kingdom, Canada and the United States.In England and Wales, the office is unpaid and partly ceremonial, appointed by the Crown through a warrant from the Privy Council. In Cornwall, the High Sheriff is appointed by the Duke of...
(b.18011801 in Ireland-Events:* January 1 - Legislative union of Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland completed under the Act of Union 1800, bringing about the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland....
).