1838 in Canada
Encyclopedia
See also:
1837 in Canada
,
other events of 1838,
1839 in Canada
.
----
Events from the year 1838 in Canada.
1837 in Canada
1837 in Canada
See also:1836 in Canada,other events of 1837,1838 in Canada.----Events from the year 1837 in Canada.-Events:*British attempts to unite the colonies of Upper and Lower Canada lead to revolt...
,
other events of 1838,
1839 in Canada
1839 in Canada
See also:1838 in Canada,other events of 1839,1840 in Canada.----Events from the year 1839 in Canada.-Events:*February 15 - Chevalier DeLorimier and others who joined in the Rebellion are executed....
.
----
Events from the year 1838 in Canada.
January to June
- January - Samuel LountSamuel LountSamuel Lount was a businessman and political figure in the province of Upper Canada. He participated in the Upper Canada Rebellion of 1837....
captured. - January 13 - Navy IslandNavy IslandNavy Island is a small island in the Niagara River in the province of Ontario, managed by Parks Canada as a National Historic Site of Canada. It is located about upstream from Horseshoe Falls, and has an area of roughly...
evacuated. - January 13 - Lord Eldon, Lord Chancellor under three kings, dies.
- January 14 - The rebels, under MackenzieWilliam Lyon MackenzieWilliam Lyon Mackenzie was a Scottish born American and Canadian journalist, politician, and rebellion leader. He served as the first mayor of Toronto, Upper Canada and was an important leader during the 1837 Upper Canada Rebellion.-Background and early years in Scotland, 1795–1820:Mackenzie was...
, evacuate Navy Island. - January 17 - Lord John RussellJohn Russell, 1st Earl RussellJohn Russell, 1st Earl Russell, KG, GCMG, PC , known as Lord John Russell before 1861, was an English Whig and Liberal politician who served twice as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in the mid-19th century....
introduces a bill to suspend the Constitution of Canada. Lord Brougham says, "You propose to punish a whole Province, because it contains a few malcontent parishes; thus, by your indiscriminating prescriptions, you chastise those, even, who have helped you to stifle the insurrection. - February - Border raids begin: Lake ChamplainLake ChamplainLake Champlain is a natural, freshwater lake in North America, located mainly within the borders of the United States but partially situated across the Canada—United States border in the Canadian province of Quebec.The New York portion of the Champlain Valley includes the eastern portions of...
, Hickory, Fighting and Pelee Islands. - April 12 - Samuel LountSamuel LountSamuel Lount was a businessman and political figure in the province of Upper Canada. He participated in the Upper Canada Rebellion of 1837....
and Peter MatthewsPeter Matthews (rebel)Peter Matthews was a farmer and soldier who participated in the Upper Canada Rebellion of 1837.He was born in the Bay of Quinte region of Upper Canada around 1789, the son of United Empire Loyalists. In 1799, the family moved to Pickering Township. Peter served with Isaac Brock as a sergeant in...
hung in TorontoTorontoToronto is the provincial capital of Ontario and the largest city in Canada. It is located in Southern Ontario on the northwestern shore of Lake Ontario. A relatively modern city, Toronto's history dates back to the late-18th century, when its land was first purchased by the British monarchy from...
. - May to July - Guerrilla actions: burning of the Sir Robert Peel.
- May 27 - As governor general and high commissioner of British North AmericaBritish North AmericaBritish North America is a historical term. It consisted of the colonies and territories of the British Empire in continental North America after the end of the American Revolutionary War and the recognition of American independence in 1783.At the start of the Revolutionary War in 1775 the British...
, Lord Durham arrives to investigate the circumstances behind the Rebellions of 1837Rebellions of 1837The Rebellions of 1837 were a pair of Canadian armed uprisings that occurred in 1837 and 1838 in response to frustrations in political reform. A key shared goal was the allowance of responsible government, which was eventually achieved in the incident's aftermath.-Rebellions:The rebellions started...
. - June 21-23 - Short Hills RaidShort Hills RaidThe Short Hills Raid was a raid by the Hunter Patriots on the Niagara Peninsula from June 21 to June 23, 1838, during the Upper Canada Rebellion....
near Pelham, Ontario
July to December
- July 30 - James Morreau hanged at Niagara.
- August 16 - Lord Durham's ordinance is disallowed.
- November 1 - Lord Durham leaves Quebec.
- November 3 - Second Rebellion in Canada.
- November - Uprising in Lower CanadaLower Canada RebellionThe Lower Canada Rebellion , commonly referred to as the Patriots' War by Quebeckers, is the name given to the armed conflict between the rebels of Lower Canada and the British colonial power of that province...
. Battle of the WindmillBattle of the WindmillThe Battle of the Windmill was a battle fought in November 1838 in the aftermath of the Upper Canada Rebellion. Loyalist forces of the Upper Canadian government defeated an invasion attempt by Hunter Patriot insurgents based in the United States.-Background:...
at Prescott, Upper Canada. - November 9 - Battle of OdelltownBattle of OdelltownThe Battle of Odelltown was fought on November 9, 1838 between Loyal volunteer forces under Lewis Odell and Charles McAllister and Lower Canada rebels under Robert Nelson, Médard Hébert and Charles Hindelang...
. - November 10 - The rebels gain a victory at Beauharnois.
- November 16 - Invaders under Von Shoultz are defeated, at Prescott.
- December - Battle of Windsor (Patriot WarPatriot WarThe Battle of Windsor was a short-lived campaign in the eastern Michigan area of the United States and the Windsor area of Upper Canada. A group of men on both sides of the border, calling themselves "Patriots", formed small militias in 1837 with the intention of seizing the Southern Ontario...
). - December 13 - Sir John Colborne, Governor General, Messrs. Moffat, Stuart and Badgley go to England, to represent British Canadian views.
- December 23 - Execution, at Montreal, of the rebels Cardinal and Duquet.
Full date unknown
- Lord Howick declares "If I thought the great mass of people were hostile to Britain, I should say that what ought to be done would be to see how a final separation between them and us could be effectuated without sacrificing British interests; but I do not think that British Canadians are opposed to British domination, for our alliance is more necessary to them than their connection is important to us."
- Of the French Canadians, he says, "If it be only for their laws and particular usages that they are struggling, surrounded, as they are, by people of other races, they must be aware that they would be made to undergo, if they lost British protection, a much more violent change than any which they have yet had to endure; and certainly, greater and more general than any which we may mean to prescribe for them." He adds that "Unlimited executive responsibility is irreconcilable with the relations which ought to exist between a colony and the metropolitan power. Mr. Grote says, "If the violation, in part, of the Constitution determined the Canadians to arm in defence of their rights, how will they endure the suspension of the Constitution entirely and the confiscation of popular freedom?"
- Conflict over the New Brunswick-Maine border begins in the Aroostook RiverAroostook RiverThe Aroostook River is a tributary of the Saint John River in the U.S. state of Maine and the Canadian province of New Brunswick. Its basin is the largest sub-drainage of the St. John River....
area. - During December 1838 and January 1839, 30 rebels hanged in LondonLondon, OntarioLondon is a city in Southwestern Ontario, Canada, situated along the Quebec City – Windsor Corridor. The city has a population of 352,395, and the metropolitan area has a population of 457,720, according to the 2006 Canadian census; the metro population in 2009 was estimated at 489,274. The city...
, KingstonKingston, OntarioKingston, Ontario is a Canadian city located in Eastern Ontario where the St. Lawrence River flows out of Lake Ontario. Originally a First Nations settlement called "Katarowki," , growing European exploration in the 17th Century made it an important trading post...
and MontrealMontrealMontreal is a city in Canada. It is the largest city in the province of Quebec, the second-largest city in Canada and the seventh largest in North America...
. - The Custom House, at Montreal, is finished.
- The population of Canada, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Prince Edward Island is 1,282,000.
- Insurgents are amnestied.
- The governors of New York and Vermont forbid interference with Canadian difficulties.
Births
- January 9 - John Arthur Fraser, artist (d.18981898 in CanadaEvents from the year 1898 in Canada.-Events:*March 1 - 1898 Ontario election: A. S. Hardy's Liberals win a majority*June 13 - Yukon becomes a distinct territory from the North-West Territories*July 29 - White Pass and Yukon Route opens...
) - March 25 - Thomas GreenwayThomas GreenwayFor the American character actor , see Tom Greenway.Thomas Greenway was a politician, merchant and farmer. He served as the seventh Premier of Manitoba, Canada, from 1888 to 1900...
, politician and 7th Premier of ManitobaPremier of ManitobaThe Premier of Manitoba is the first minister for the Canadian province of Manitoba. He or she is the province's head of government and de facto chief executive. Until the early 1970s, the title "Prime Minister of Manitoba" was used frequently. Afterwards, the word Premier, derived from the French...
(d.19081908 in Canada-Incumbents:*Prime Minister: Sir Wilfrid Laurier*Governor General: Earl Grey*Premier of Alberta: Alexander Rutherford*Premier of British Columbia: Richard McBride*Premier of Manitoba: R.P. Roblin*Premier of New Brunswick: Clifford Robinson then John Hazen...
) - April 5 - George-Édouard DesbaratsGeorge-Édouard DesbaratsGeorge-Édouard-Amable Desbarats was an influential Canadian printer and inventor.-Early life:He was born in Quebec, to George-Paschal Desbarats and Henriette Dionne. He was sent to College of the Holy Cross in Worcester, Massachusetts 1846...
, printer and inventor (d.18931893 in Canada-Events:*May 27 - Algonquin Provincial Park is established as a wildlife sanctuary in Ontario*September 16 - Calgary incorporated as a city*October 27 - The National Council of Women meets for the first time...
) - April 28 - François-Xavier-Anselme TrudelFrançois-Xavier-Anselme TrudelFrançois-Xavier-Anselme Trudel was a politician in Quebec, Canada.-Member of the legislature:Trudel was elected as a Conservative candidate to the provincial legislature in the district of Champlain in 1871. He co-authored the Programme Catholique and was an Ultramontanist...
, politician (d.18901890 in Canada-Incumbents:*Monarch — Victoria of Canada*Governor General — Frederick Stanley, 16th Earl of Derby*Prime Minister — John A. MacdonaldOntario*Lieutenant Governor — Sir Alexander Campbell*Premier — Sir Oliver MowatQuebec...
) - June 22 - James William BainJames William BainJames William Bain was a Canadian politician and merchant. He was elected to the Canadian House of Commons in 1883 as a Member of the historical Conservative Party in the riding of Soulanges after Georges-Raoul-Léotale-Guichart-Humbert Saveuse de Beaujeu was unseated in a by-election...
, politician (d.19091909 in Canada-Events:* January 11 - The Boundary Waters Treaty signed.* February 23 - The first powered flight in Canada is made by John McCurdy aboard the Silver Dart.* March 22 - 1909 Alberta election: Alexander Rutherford's Liberals win a second consecutive majority....
) - August 15 - Daniel Webster MarshDaniel Webster MarshDaniel Webster Marsh was a businessman and mayor of Calgary, Alberta. He was born in Hudson, New Hampshire to parents Enoch Sawyer March and Margaret Whittier....
, businessman and Mayor of CalgaryCalgaryCalgary is a city in the Province of Alberta, Canada. It is located in the south of the province, in an area of foothills and prairie, approximately east of the front ranges of the Canadian Rockies...
(d.19161916 in Canada-January to June:*January 28 - Women are given the right to vote in Manitoba, after protests by people such as Nellie McClung*February 3 - The Centre Block of the Parliament Buildings in Ottawa burns down*February 10 - An anti-German riot hits Calgary...
) - August 30 - Peter White, politician (d.19061906 in Canada-Events:*January 1 - Canada's first movie theatre Ouimetoscope opens in Montreal* January 22 – The SS Valencia strikes a reef off Vancouver Island, killing over 100 in the ensuing disaster....
)
Deaths
- March 21 - George Ramsay, 9th Earl of DalhousieGeorge Ramsay, 9th Earl of DalhousieGeneral George Ramsay, 9th Earl of Dalhousie GCB , styled Lord Ramsay until 1787, was a Scottish soldier and colonial administrator...
(b.17701770 in Canada-Events:* December - Samuel Hearne departs on his third voyage of discovery* The city of Saint-Eustache, Quebec is established-Births:*April 7 - William Wordsworth, in Cockermouth, England...
) - July 8 - Peter Robinson, politician, Peterborough, OntarioPeterborough, OntarioPeterborough is a city on the Otonabee River in southern Ontario, Canada, 125 kilometres northeast of Toronto. The population of the City of Peterborough was 74,898 as of the 2006 census, while the census metropolitan area has a population of 121,428 as of a 2009 estimate. It presently ranks...
re-named in his honour (b.17851785 in Canada-Events:* Introduction of Power loom in England for weaving cloth* North West Company Strengthened far west trade through such forts as Athabasca and English River.* May 18: The city of Saint John, New Brunswick is incorporated....
) - August 17 - Michel-Louis Juchereau DuchesnayMichel-Louis Juchereau DuchesnayMichel-Louis Juchereau Duchesnay was a Canadian officer, seigneur, and justice of the peace.Born in Beauport, he was the third and last child born of the second marriage of Antoine Juchereau Duchesnay. In 1794 his mother, Catherine Le Comte Dupré, left the manor house after being accused of adultery...
, army and militia officer, seigneur, jp, and office holder (b.17851785 in Canada-Events:* Introduction of Power loom in England for weaving cloth* North West Company Strengthened far west trade through such forts as Athabasca and English River.* May 18: The city of Saint John, New Brunswick is incorporated....
)