1759 in Canada
Encyclopedia
Events
- Tuesday May 22 - A British fleet approaches QuebecQuebecQuebec or is a province in east-central Canada. It is the only Canadian province with a predominantly French-speaking population and the only one whose sole official language is French at the provincial level....
. - Thursday June 28 - French fire shipFire shipA fire ship, used in the days of wooden rowed or sailing ships, was a ship filled with combustibles, deliberately set on fire and steered into an enemy fleet, in order to destroy ships, or to create panic and make the enemy break formation. Ships used as fire ships were usually old and worn out or...
s, intended to burn the British fleet, at Quebec, are taken ashore by British sailors. - Thursday July 26 - Carillon (Fort TiconderogaFort TiconderogaFort Ticonderoga, formerly Fort Carillon, is a large 18th-century fort built by the Canadians and the French at a narrows near the south end of Lake Champlain in upstate New York in the United States...
) is abandoned by the French. - Saturday July 28 - Another French fireship attack fails against the British.
- Tuesday July 31 - British forces attempt to take French fortifications at Montmorency and fail bitterly.
- August 8 to August 9 - British guns, on Point Levi, fire the lower town of Quebec.
- Thursday September 13 - James WolfeJames WolfeMajor General James P. Wolfe was a British Army officer, known for his training reforms but remembered chiefly for his victory over the French in Canada...
lands a force at Fuller's Cove, between 1 and 2 in the morning. They climb to the Plains of AbrahamPlains of AbrahamThe Plains of Abraham is a historic area within The Battlefields Park in Quebec City, Quebec, that was originally grazing land, but became famous as the site of the Battle of the Plains of Abraham, which took place on 13 September 1759. Though written into the history books, housing and minor...
. At 6 a.m., Marquis de Montcalm is informed that the British have accomplished what he deemed impossible; but discredits the report. With 4,500, he fights about an equal number; but his men cannot resist bayonets. Each leader receives a mortal wound. Wolfe asks an officer to support him so that his followers may not be discouraged by his fall. An historian says of Wolfe: "He crowded into a few hours actions that would have given lustre to length of life; and, filling his day with greatness, completed it before its noon." - Learning that he had but a few hours to live, Montcalm says: "So much the better; I shall not live to see the surrender of Quebec." Turning to de Ramsay he says: "To your keeping I commend the honor of France; as for me, I shall pass the night with God and prepare myself for death."
- Friday September 14 - Montcalm dies in the Castle of St. Louis.
- Monday September 17 - Capitulation of Quebec.
- Tuesday September 18 - The British take possession of Quebec.
- Proclamation issued by Governor of Nova Scotia invites New EnglandersNew England PlantersThe New England Planters were settlers from the New England colonies who responded to invitations by the lieutenant governor of Nova Scotia, Charles Lawrence, to settle lands left vacant by the Bay of Fundy Campaign of the Acadian Expulsion...
to settle there.