![](http://image.absoluteastronomy.com/images//topicimages/noimage.gif)
(p,q) shuffle
Encyclopedia
Let
and
be positive natural numbers. Further, let
be the set of permutation
s of the numbers
. A permutation
in
is a (p,q)shuffle if
,
.
The set of all
shuffles is denoted by ![](http://image.absoluteastronomy.com/images/formulas/3/4/2345202-10.gif)
It is clear that
![](http://image.absoluteastronomy.com/images/formulas/3/4/2345202-11.gif)
Since a
shuffle is completely determined by how the
first elements are mapped, the cardinality of
is
![](http://image.absoluteastronomy.com/images/formulas/3/4/2345202-15.gif)
The wedge product of a
-form and a
-form can be defined as a sum over
shuffles.
![](http://image.absoluteastronomy.com/images/formulas/3/4/2345202-1.gif)
![](http://image.absoluteastronomy.com/images/formulas/3/4/2345202-2.gif)
![](http://image.absoluteastronomy.com/images/formulas/3/4/2345202-3.gif)
Permutation
In mathematics, the notion of permutation is used with several slightly different meanings, all related to the act of permuting objects or values. Informally, a permutation of a set of objects is an arrangement of those objects into a particular order...
s of the numbers
![](http://image.absoluteastronomy.com/images/formulas/3/4/2345202-4.gif)
![](http://image.absoluteastronomy.com/images/formulas/3/4/2345202-5.gif)
![](http://image.absoluteastronomy.com/images/formulas/3/4/2345202-6.gif)
![](http://image.absoluteastronomy.com/images/formulas/3/4/2345202-7.gif)
![](http://image.absoluteastronomy.com/images/formulas/3/4/2345202-8.gif)
The set of all
![](http://image.absoluteastronomy.com/images/formulas/3/4/2345202-9.gif)
![](http://image.absoluteastronomy.com/images/formulas/3/4/2345202-10.gif)
It is clear that
![](http://image.absoluteastronomy.com/images/formulas/3/4/2345202-11.gif)
Since a
![](http://image.absoluteastronomy.com/images/formulas/3/4/2345202-12.gif)
![](http://image.absoluteastronomy.com/images/formulas/3/4/2345202-13.gif)
![](http://image.absoluteastronomy.com/images/formulas/3/4/2345202-14.gif)
![](http://image.absoluteastronomy.com/images/formulas/3/4/2345202-15.gif)
The wedge product of a
![](http://image.absoluteastronomy.com/images/formulas/3/4/2345202-16.gif)
![](http://image.absoluteastronomy.com/images/formulas/3/4/2345202-17.gif)
![](http://image.absoluteastronomy.com/images/formulas/3/4/2345202-18.gif)