The Világosság Socialist Emigrant Group was a Hungarian

Hungary

Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...

 socialist organization, founded in 1920. The centre of the organization was based in Austria

Austria

Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...

, its founders were mainly former members of the Hungarian Social Democratic Party

Hungarian Social Democratic Party

The Hungarian Social Democratic Party is a political party in Hungary. Both the MSZDP and SZDP lay claim to the same heritage: the Social Democratic Party which was part of a governing coalition in Hungary between 1945 and 1948, and a short period in 1956, which itself was renamed from the...

 (MSZDP) who had been forced into exile after the crushing of the Hungarian Soviet Republic

Hungarian Soviet Republic

The Hungarian Soviet Republic or Soviet Republic of Hungary was a short-lived Communist state established in Hungary in the aftermath of World War I....

. The organization published the monthly Világosság ('Clarity') from Vienna

Vienna

Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...

 1923-1933.

Sándor Garbai

Sándor Garbai

Sándor Garbai was a Hungarian socialist politician. He came to power as prime minister in March 1919 in alliance with the Communists, and proclaimed a Soviet Republic...

, Antal Dovcsák

Antal Dovcsák

Antal Dovcsák was a Hungarian politician.Dovcsák was born in Budapest. He briefly served as deputy prime minister of the Hungarian Soviet Republic during July 1919. He died in Vienna.-Reference:...

 and Vilmos Böhm were chairmen of the group. Zsigmond Kunfi

Zsigmond Kunfi

Zsigmond Kunfi was a Hungarian politician who served as Minister without portfolio of Croatian Affairs and as Minister of Labour and Welfare between 1918 and 1919. His views was near to Karl Kautsky's. Kunfi was member of the Hungarian National Council from 1918...

 was the secretary of the organization 1920-1929. From 1929 onwards Zoltán Rónai

Zoltán Rónai

Zoltán Rónai was a Hungarian politician and jurist, who served as People's Commissar of Justice in 1919 during the Hungarian Soviet Republic. Before the First World War he worked as a journalist of the Népszava and of the Szocializmus. He was a supporter of the centrist Zsigmond Kunfi...

 served as the secretary of the organization.

The group was in close contact with the Social Democratic Workers Party of Austria (SDAPÖ). It took part in founding the Vienna International (the 2½ International) in 1921. Its relations with MSZDP were not that good, the Világosság repeatedly criticized the leadership of the MSZDP. Világosság was supportive of the leftist opposition within MSZDP that emerged in 1922. It refused to cooperate with the communists, though. The group supported the founding of the Socialist Workers Party of Hungary

Socialist Workers Party of Hungary

The Socialist Workers Party of Hungary was a political party in Hungary. The party was founded by social democrats and communists in 1925, and led by István Vági. Unlike the established Hungarian Social Democratic Party, the Socialist Workers Party sought to mobilize mass movements and agrarian...

.

After the defeat of the February Uprising

Austrian Civil War

The Austrian Civil War , also known as the February Uprising , is a term sometimes used for a few days of skirmishes between socialist and conservative-fascist forces between 12 February and 16 February 1934, in Austria...

 in Austria in 1934, the group continued its activities in France

France

The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...

 and other countries. The group retained the name Világosság.

The Világosság organization was a member of the Labour and Socialist International

Labour and Socialist International

The Labour and Socialist International was an international organization of socialist and labour parties, active between 1923 and 1940. The LSI was a forerunner of the present-day Socialist International....

between 1923 and 1940. Vilmos Böhm represented the organization in the Executive of the Labour and Socialist International from August 1931 to 1940, being a member with consultative voice.