Pilar Nores de García
Encyclopedia
María del Pilar Nores Bodereau de García (born March 11, 1949) is an Argentine economist
. Married to the President of Peru, Alan García, she was that nation's First Lady on two occasions.
Born in the Córdoba, Argentina
, Pilar Nores was the thirteenth of fourteen children of a traditional family; her father, Rogelio Nores Martínez, served as interim Governor of Córdoba from 1962 to 1963, and was Director of the National University of Córdoba
from 1967 to 1970. She completed her primary and secondary education at the Alejandro Carbó School, obtaining her high school diploma at the Manuel Belgrano
High School. She enrolled at the National University of Córdoba, and earned a degree in Economics
in 1969. She traveled in 1976 to Madrid
, where she attended a seminar and met Alan García, a Peruvian lawyer and APRA
activist. They were married in 1978, and returned to Peru, where Alan García would be elected to Congress in 1980, and as President of Peru in 1985. The couple would have four children: three daughters, Josefina, Gabriela del Pilar and Luciana Victoria; and a son, Alan Raúl Simón. A first cousin of her father, Víctor Hipólito Martínez
, served as Vice President of Argentina from 1983 to 1989.
During her husband's first presidential period (1985–1990) she created and directed the non-profit Fundación por los Niños del Perú (Foundation for the Children of Peru), a non-governmental organization
working with abandoned children. She also initiated and directed the Programa de Asistencia Directa (Direct Assistance Program), a government program promoting the economic and social development of women and infants in Peru.
She created the Instituto Trabajo y Familia (Institute for Labor and Family - ITYF) in 2001, a non-profit NGO that promotes social and productive development. She started the Juvenile Violence Program to develop and implement prevention plans against juvenile delinquency
in the most difficult districts of Lima
. Returning as First Lady upon her husband's election in 2006, Mrs. Nores de García had the First Lady's Office terminated. She instead inaugurated the Sembrando Program, a plan that works with the families of Andean communities in Peru
, many of whom live in extreme poverty
. Installing over 92,000 kitchen and sanitation fixtures in impoverished homes, Sembrando (Sowing) promotes job training
and technological innovation to enhance productivity and social development in these communities.
She and Alan García were separated in 2010, and upon the end of his tenure in 2011, she retired as First Lady with high approval ratings among the Peruvian public.
Economist
An economist is a professional in the social science discipline of economics. The individual may also study, develop, and apply theories and concepts from economics and write about economic policy...
. Married to the President of Peru, Alan García, she was that nation's First Lady on two occasions.
Born in the Córdoba, Argentina
Córdoba, Argentina
Córdoba is a city located near the geographical center of Argentina, in the foothills of the Sierras Chicas on the Suquía River, about northwest of Buenos Aires. It is the capital of Córdoba Province. Córdoba is the second-largest city in Argentina after the federal capital Buenos Aires, with...
, Pilar Nores was the thirteenth of fourteen children of a traditional family; her father, Rogelio Nores Martínez, served as interim Governor of Córdoba from 1962 to 1963, and was Director of the National University of Córdoba
National University of Córdoba
The National University of Córdoba, , is the oldest university in Argentina, and one of the oldest in the Americas. It is located in Córdoba, the capital of Córdoba Province. Since the early 20th century it has been the second largest university in the country in terms of the number of students,...
from 1967 to 1970. She completed her primary and secondary education at the Alejandro Carbó School, obtaining her high school diploma at the Manuel Belgrano
Manuel Belgrano
Manuel José Joaquín del Corazón de Jesús Belgrano , usually referred to as Manuel Belgrano, was an Argentine economist, lawyer, politician, and military leader. He took part in the Argentine Wars of Independence and created the Flag of Argentina...
High School. She enrolled at the National University of Córdoba, and earned a degree in Economics
Economics
Economics is the social science that analyzes the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. The term economics comes from the Ancient Greek from + , hence "rules of the house"...
in 1969. She traveled in 1976 to Madrid
Madrid
Madrid is the capital and largest city of Spain. The population of the city is roughly 3.3 million and the entire population of the Madrid metropolitan area is calculated to be 6.271 million. It is the third largest city in the European Union, after London and Berlin, and its metropolitan...
, where she attended a seminar and met Alan García, a Peruvian lawyer and APRA
American Popular Revolutionary Alliance
The Alianza Popular Revolucionaria Americana is a centre-left Peruvian political party.At the legislative elections held on 9 April 2006, the party won 22.6% of the popular vote and 36 out of 120 seats in the Congress of the Republic...
activist. They were married in 1978, and returned to Peru, where Alan García would be elected to Congress in 1980, and as President of Peru in 1985. The couple would have four children: three daughters, Josefina, Gabriela del Pilar and Luciana Victoria; and a son, Alan Raúl Simón. A first cousin of her father, Víctor Hipólito Martínez
Víctor Hipólito Martínez
Víctor Hipólito Martínez is an Argentine lawyer and politician, best known for his role as Vice President during Raúl Alfonsín's 1983-89 tenure.-Life and times:Martínez was born and raised in Córdoba, Argentina...
, served as Vice President of Argentina from 1983 to 1989.
During her husband's first presidential period (1985–1990) she created and directed the non-profit Fundación por los Niños del Perú (Foundation for the Children of Peru), a non-governmental organization
Non-governmental organization
A non-governmental organization is a legally constituted organization created by natural or legal persons that operates independently from any government. The term originated from the United Nations , and is normally used to refer to organizations that do not form part of the government and are...
working with abandoned children. She also initiated and directed the Programa de Asistencia Directa (Direct Assistance Program), a government program promoting the economic and social development of women and infants in Peru.
She created the Instituto Trabajo y Familia (Institute for Labor and Family - ITYF) in 2001, a non-profit NGO that promotes social and productive development. She started the Juvenile Violence Program to develop and implement prevention plans against juvenile delinquency
Juvenile delinquency
Juvenile delinquency is participation in illegal behavior by minors who fall under a statutory age limit. Most legal systems prescribe specific procedures for dealing with juveniles, such as juvenile detention centers. There are a multitude of different theories on the causes of crime, most if not...
in the most difficult districts of Lima
Lima
Lima is the capital and the largest city of Peru. It is located in the valleys of the Chillón, Rímac and Lurín rivers, in the central part of the country, on a desert coast overlooking the Pacific Ocean. Together with the seaport of Callao, it forms a contiguous urban area known as the Lima...
. Returning as First Lady upon her husband's election in 2006, Mrs. Nores de García had the First Lady's Office terminated. She instead inaugurated the Sembrando Program, a plan that works with the families of Andean communities in Peru
Andes
The Andes is the world's longest continental mountain range. It is a continual range of highlands along the western coast of South America. This range is about long, about to wide , and of an average height of about .Along its length, the Andes is split into several ranges, which are separated...
, many of whom live in extreme poverty
Extreme poverty
Extreme poverty, as defined in 1996 by Joseph Wresinski, the founder of ATD Fourth World, is:"The lack of basic security connotes the absence of one or more factors enabling individuals and families to assume basic responsibilities and to enjoy fundamental rights. The situation may become...
. Installing over 92,000 kitchen and sanitation fixtures in impoverished homes, Sembrando (Sowing) promotes job training
Vocational education
Vocational education or vocational education and training is an education that prepares trainees for jobs that are based on manual or practical activities, traditionally non-academic, and totally related to a specific trade, occupation, or vocation...
and technological innovation to enhance productivity and social development in these communities.
She and Alan García were separated in 2010, and upon the end of his tenure in 2011, she retired as First Lady with high approval ratings among the Peruvian public.