Nuevo Baztán
Encyclopedia
Nuevo Baztán is a municipality southeast of Madrid
, near Alcalá de Henares
, Spain. It consists of a small historic centre and modern housing estates. The historic centre was designed as an industrial and housing complex laid out on a grid plan
. It was promoted and developed by the prominent politician and publisher Juan de Goyeneche (1656-1735).
initiative to promote industrial development in Spain. The name refers to the Goyeneche family's home town, Baztan in Navarre
. Much of the construction was performed by Agotes imported from Navarre. The town housed factories producing among other things munitions and glassware. The Goyeneche family financed not only the palaces, churches, and factories, but also houses for the employees, many of whom were transplants from other regions of Spain.
Glass production at Nuevo Baztán only lasted a few years because of difficulty in obtaining the necessary fuel supplies locally. Some employees relocated to La Granja de San Ildefonso, where there was abundant timber and where a glassworks, the Real Fábrica de Cristales developed under royal patronage. The other industries of Nuevo Baztán ceased production by the end of the eighteenth century.
Newer housing has arisen around the eighteenth-century nucleus in the past decades, and the present town contains large modern developments, including Eurovillas, Las Villas de Nuevo Baztán, Monteacevedo, and El Mirador del Baztán.
design by José de Churriguera which incorporates a church.
The palace-church and two plazas were protected as a conservation area in 1941, and the area of the conjunto histórico has since been extended to the rest of the historic centre.
However, in 2007 it was reported that the palace was in a poor state of conservation. There have been proposals to restore it for use as an art gallery.
Madrid
Madrid is the capital and largest city of Spain. The population of the city is roughly 3.3 million and the entire population of the Madrid metropolitan area is calculated to be 6.271 million. It is the third largest city in the European Union, after London and Berlin, and its metropolitan...
, near Alcalá de Henares
Alcalá de Henares
Alcalá de Henares , meaning Citadel on the river Henares, is a Spanish city, whose historical centre is one of UNESCO's World Heritage Sites, and one of the first bishoprics founded in Spain...
, Spain. It consists of a small historic centre and modern housing estates. The historic centre was designed as an industrial and housing complex laid out on a grid plan
Grid plan
The grid plan, grid street plan or gridiron plan is a type of city plan in which streets run at right angles to each other, forming a grid...
. It was promoted and developed by the prominent politician and publisher Juan de Goyeneche (1656-1735).
History
Nuevo Baztán was founded around 1709 in a mercantalistMercantilism
Mercantilism is the economic doctrine in which government control of foreign trade is of paramount importance for ensuring the prosperity and security of the state. In particular, it demands a positive balance of trade. Mercantilism dominated Western European economic policy and discourse from...
initiative to promote industrial development in Spain. The name refers to the Goyeneche family's home town, Baztan in Navarre
Navarre
Navarre , officially the Chartered Community of Navarre is an autonomous community in northern Spain, bordering the Basque Country, La Rioja, and Aragon in Spain and Aquitaine in France...
. Much of the construction was performed by Agotes imported from Navarre. The town housed factories producing among other things munitions and glassware. The Goyeneche family financed not only the palaces, churches, and factories, but also houses for the employees, many of whom were transplants from other regions of Spain.
Glass production at Nuevo Baztán only lasted a few years because of difficulty in obtaining the necessary fuel supplies locally. Some employees relocated to La Granja de San Ildefonso, where there was abundant timber and where a glassworks, the Real Fábrica de Cristales developed under royal patronage. The other industries of Nuevo Baztán ceased production by the end of the eighteenth century.
Newer housing has arisen around the eighteenth-century nucleus in the past decades, and the present town contains large modern developments, including Eurovillas, Las Villas de Nuevo Baztán, Monteacevedo, and El Mirador del Baztán.
Goyeneche Palace
The Goyeneche Palace (Spanish: Palacio de Goyeneche or Palacio de Nuevo Baztán) is one of a number of palaces in Spain and Peru associated with the Goyeneche family . The palace was built to a BaroqueBaroque
The Baroque is a period and the style that used exaggerated motion and clear, easily interpreted detail to produce drama, tension, exuberance, and grandeur in sculpture, painting, literature, dance, and music...
design by José de Churriguera which incorporates a church.
The palace-church and two plazas were protected as a conservation area in 1941, and the area of the conjunto histórico has since been extended to the rest of the historic centre.
However, in 2007 it was reported that the palace was in a poor state of conservation. There have been proposals to restore it for use as an art gallery.