Mignet HM.14
Encyclopedia
The Mignet HM.14 Flying Flea (Pou du Ciel literally "Louse of the Sky" in French) is a single-seat light aircraft first flown in 1933, designed for amateur construction
. It was the first of a family of aircraft collectively known as Flying Flea
s.
radio engineer Henri Mignet
. It was the result of his ambition to design a safe aeroplane that could be built quickly and cheaply by any amateur familiar with simple woodwork and metalwork skills. It followed a progressive series of designs, of which the HM.8 monoplane was already successful as an amateur-built aircraft. On 10 September 1933, at the Bois de Bouleaux near Soissons
, Mignet piloted the first flight of the HM.14. In the following months, he made many flights with progressive modifications to improve its handling and performance, totalling 10 hours test-flying time. He described the HM.14 as his Pou no.4, presumably counting from the HM.11, that featured a large pivoting flap between the fixed front and rear wings. The prototype HM.14 had a wingspan of 6 m (19.7 ft). It was powered by an Aubier et Dunne 540 cc three-cylinder two-stroke motorcycle engine, producing about 17 hp at 4,000 rpm. The engine was connected to the propeller shaft via a chain drive with a 2.5:1 reduction ratio. Subsequent examples were built with many optional engine and wingspan variations.
In September 1934, the French aeronautical magazine Les Ailes published Mignet's article Le Pou du Ciel, in which he described the HM.14. In November 1934, he published his book Le Sport de l'Air that gave all the dimensioned details of materials, plus descriptions and techniques, to enable readers to construct and fly their own HM.14s without further specialist help. In September 1935, the Air League
published an English translation of Le Sport de l'Air, and it was also serialised in the October, November and December 1935 issues of the magazine Newnes' Practical Mechanics
.
aircraft, although the main wing overlaps the rear wing in the basic design, so it almost qualifies as a highly staggered biplane without horizontal tail. Construction of the airframe employs mostly birch plywood sheet, spruce laths, steel tubing, steel cables, proprietary metal fittings and fixings, adhesives, and linen fabric.
Unlike conventional aircraft, the HM.14 has no ailerons or elevators, and no foot-operated flight controls. The flight control system comprises a conventional control stick. Fore-and-aft movement of the stick is transmitted via cables to the rear underside of the main wing, that is supported by a single pivot at the front underside, mounted on a pylon on the fuselage. Rearward movement of the stick pulls the cables, and increases the pitch
and therefore the lift of the main wing. The aircraft will then pitch up, due to the centre of pressure being forward of the center of gravity
. Forward stick movement has the reverse effect. Resistance to stick movement is usually an aerodynamic force from the main wing, but there is also a rubber spring (bungee) pulling down on the leading edge of the wing, and a telescopic strut behind the pilot's head limits the total wing movement. Side-to-side movement of the stick controls the all-moving rudder via cables. In flight, this produces a stable rolling motion, as required in a banked turn, because the wings both have dihedral. That rolling characteristic is not safely available during take-off or landing, so crosswinds are not easily tolerated.
) four-stroke two-cylinder boxer, 16 hp Clerget, 40 hp Salmson
radial. In the UK, popular air-cooled engines were 16 hp Scott Flying Squirrel
A2S 650 cc, 25 hp Anzani
1100 cc V-twin, 17-23 hp Douglas Sprite 500-750 cc, 34 hp Bristol Cherub
1100 cc. Conversions of water-cooled engines included 28 hp Carden-Ford 1200 cc and 13 hp Austin 7
750 cc four-cylinder types. The choice of engine and propeller combination also determined the option to drive the propeller directly from the crankshaft, or via a reduction chain drive or gearing.
On 14 July 1935, at Heston Aerodrome
, Stephen Appleby
piloted the first flight of his HM.14 (G-ADMH), the first to fly in the UK. On 24 July 1935, the Air Ministry
awarded it the first ever Authorisation to Fly document, being equivalent to a UK Certificate of Airworthiness with additional conditions and limitations. Following a forced landing, it was repaired with modifications designed by L.E. Baynes, at the factory of Abbott-Baynes Sailplanes. The modifications included a new 6 metres (19.7 ft) span front wing with a repositioned wing pivot, a partial engine cowling, and a low-mounted radiator for the existing water-cooled Carden-Ford engine. The aircraft was later converted to replace the wing control cables with twin "push-rods". Following the publicity of the aircraft and those personalities, many British HM.14s under construction acquired similar features. In April 1936, Baynes made improvements to the Flying Flea design, similar to those on Appleby's HM.14, plus further major modifications. Those included a 6.7 metres (22 ft) newly designed front wing with two outboard wing pivots, that eliminated wing-bracing wires, hence the name Baynes Cantilever Pou. The prototype of that (G-AEGD), plus a later example (G-AEJD), were extensively test-flown and demonstrated by Appleby.
In the UK, variations of the HM.14 were made by about 200 serious amateurs. A handful of companies also hoped to produce kits and completed HM.14s, including Abbott-Baynes Aircraft, Dart Aircraft, F. Hills & Son, Luton Aircraft, E.G. Perman and Company, and Puttnam Aircraft Company. Up to the start of World War II in September 1939, UK Authorisations to Fly were issued to 76 HM.14s, while registrations were issued for a further 45 projected examples.
By March 1936, Algerian and Swiss authorities had banned the flying of HM.14s, and the French Air Ministry stepped up its actions from cautionary notices to flight testing by the French Air Force, that resulted in an inconclusive published report. In June 1936, the French Minister for Air stopped all Flea flights in France, pending full-size wind tunnel tests at Chalais-Meudon. In July 1936, the published report described how pitch-up control could be lost in a shallow nose-down attitude, because the pivoting front wing reduced the separation from the rear wing (the "slot effect"), so that the aircraft could not be recovered from a dive into the ground. The effect was worsened if the centre of gravity had not been correctly calculated and adjusted. Mignet responded with several design changes, such as pivoting rear wing, different aerofoil contours on both wings, elimination of the overlap between the wings, and an adjustable fore-and-aft wing pivot location relative to the fuselage. In late 1936, those features, together with rigid wing control struts ("push-rods"), were embodied in an updated edition of his book Le Sport de l'Air. In August 1936, the Royal Aircraft Establishment
started full-size wind tunnel tests using HM.14 G-AEFV. In October 1936, the report was published, confirming the French test findings. The Air Ministry then stopped renewing the Authorisation to Fly documents of all HM.14-related aircraft that had not received approved modifications. After World War II, no HM.14s were granted UK Authorisations to Fly, although several further examples were built.
Homebuilt aircraft
Also known as amateur-built aircraft or kit planes, homebuilt aircraft are constructed by persons for whom this is not a professional activity. These aircraft may be constructed from "scratch," from plans, or from assembly kits.-Overview:...
. It was the first of a family of aircraft collectively known as Flying Flea
Flying Flea
The Flying Flea is a large family of light homebuilt aircraft first flown in 1933.-Development:The Flying Flea family of aircraft was designed by Frenchman Henri Mignet....
s.
Development
The HM.14 was designed by FrenchFrance
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
radio engineer Henri Mignet
Henri Mignet
Henri Mignet, Henri Mignet, Henri Mignet, (October 19, 1893 in Charente-Maritime – August 31, 1965 in Pessac in Gironde, was a French radio engineer who became well-known as an aircraft designer and builder...
. It was the result of his ambition to design a safe aeroplane that could be built quickly and cheaply by any amateur familiar with simple woodwork and metalwork skills. It followed a progressive series of designs, of which the HM.8 monoplane was already successful as an amateur-built aircraft. On 10 September 1933, at the Bois de Bouleaux near Soissons
Soissons
Soissons is a commune in the Aisne department in Picardy in northern France, located on the Aisne River, about northeast of Paris. It is one of the most ancient towns of France, and is probably the ancient capital of the Suessiones...
, Mignet piloted the first flight of the HM.14. In the following months, he made many flights with progressive modifications to improve its handling and performance, totalling 10 hours test-flying time. He described the HM.14 as his Pou no.4, presumably counting from the HM.11, that featured a large pivoting flap between the fixed front and rear wings. The prototype HM.14 had a wingspan of 6 m (19.7 ft). It was powered by an Aubier et Dunne 540 cc three-cylinder two-stroke motorcycle engine, producing about 17 hp at 4,000 rpm. The engine was connected to the propeller shaft via a chain drive with a 2.5:1 reduction ratio. Subsequent examples were built with many optional engine and wingspan variations.
In September 1934, the French aeronautical magazine Les Ailes published Mignet's article Le Pou du Ciel, in which he described the HM.14. In November 1934, he published his book Le Sport de l'Air that gave all the dimensioned details of materials, plus descriptions and techniques, to enable readers to construct and fly their own HM.14s without further specialist help. In September 1935, the Air League
Air League
For the Air League , see Australian Air LeagueThe Air League is an aviation society in the United Kingdom, founded in 1909.The aims and mission of the Air League are to promote the cause of British aviation by:...
published an English translation of Le Sport de l'Air, and it was also serialised in the October, November and December 1935 issues of the magazine Newnes' Practical Mechanics
Practical Mechanics
Practical Mechanics was a monthly British magazine devoted mostly to home mechanics and technology. It was first published by George Newnes, Ltd., in October 1933, and ran for 352 issues until the magazine's termination in August 1963. Practical Mechanics was edited by Frederick J...
.
Design
The HM.14 is most commonly described as a tandem wingTandem wing
thumb|right|QAC Quickie Q2A tandem wing aircraft usually involves two full-sized wings, both of which are full airfoils. Sometimes an aircraft of this configuration can look like a variation on the biplane, but is in fact very different. The forward wing is often technically a canard, fitted with...
aircraft, although the main wing overlaps the rear wing in the basic design, so it almost qualifies as a highly staggered biplane without horizontal tail. Construction of the airframe employs mostly birch plywood sheet, spruce laths, steel tubing, steel cables, proprietary metal fittings and fixings, adhesives, and linen fabric.
Unlike conventional aircraft, the HM.14 has no ailerons or elevators, and no foot-operated flight controls. The flight control system comprises a conventional control stick. Fore-and-aft movement of the stick is transmitted via cables to the rear underside of the main wing, that is supported by a single pivot at the front underside, mounted on a pylon on the fuselage. Rearward movement of the stick pulls the cables, and increases the pitch
Angle of attack
Angle of attack is a term used in fluid dynamics to describe the angle between a reference line on a lifting body and the vector representing the relative motion between the lifting body and the fluid through which it is moving...
and therefore the lift of the main wing. The aircraft will then pitch up, due to the centre of pressure being forward of the center of gravity
Center of gravity
In physics, a center of gravity of a material body is a point that may be used for a summary description of gravitational interactions. In a uniform gravitational field, the center of mass serves as the center of gravity...
. Forward stick movement has the reverse effect. Resistance to stick movement is usually an aerodynamic force from the main wing, but there is also a rubber spring (bungee) pulling down on the leading edge of the wing, and a telescopic strut behind the pilot's head limits the total wing movement. Side-to-side movement of the stick controls the all-moving rudder via cables. In flight, this produces a stable rolling motion, as required in a banked turn, because the wings both have dihedral. That rolling characteristic is not safely available during take-off or landing, so crosswinds are not easily tolerated.
Operational history
- In late November 1934, Mignet exhibited his HM.14 at the Salon l'Aéronautique au Grand Palais in Paris, followed in early December by a public flying demonstration at Paris-Orly Airport.
- On 13 August 1935, Mignet piloted his HM.14 across the English Channel from Saint-Inglevert AirfieldSaint-Inglevert AirfieldSaint-Inglevert Airfield is a general aviation airfield at Saint-Inglevert, Pas-de-Calais, France. In the First World War an airfield was established near Saint-Inglevert by the Royal Flying Corps, later passing to the Royal Air Force on formation and thus becoming RAF Saint Inglevert...
to Lympne AirportLympne AirportLympne Airport , , was a military and later civil airfield at Lympne, Kent, United Kingdom, which operated from 1916 to 1984. RFC Lympne was originally an acceptance point for aircraft being delivered to, and returning from, France during the First World War...
, and on 17 August displayed it to the press at Shoreham AirportShoreham Airport- Sussex Police Air Operations Unit :The Sussex Police Air Operations Unit is headquartered at Shoreham Airport. The unit has been equipped since February 2000 with a MD Explorer, registered as "G-SUSX". The unit is headed by a Police Inspector, assisted by a Police Sergeant and two Police...
. - On 13 April 1935, the Aero-8 Flying Club hosted a rally at AshingdonAshingdonAshingdon is a village and civil parish in Essex, England. It is located about north of Rochford and is southeast from the county town of Chelmsford...
, Essex, that attracted eight complete British-built HM.14s. - On 5 December 1935, Stephen Appleby piloted his HM.14 (G-ADMH) from Lympne AirportLympne AirportLympne Airport , , was a military and later civil airfield at Lympne, Kent, United Kingdom, which operated from 1916 to 1984. RFC Lympne was originally an acceptance point for aircraft being delivered to, and returning from, France during the First World War...
to Saint-Inglevert AirfieldSaint-Inglevert AirfieldSaint-Inglevert Airfield is a general aviation airfield at Saint-Inglevert, Pas-de-Calais, France. In the First World War an airfield was established near Saint-Inglevert by the Royal Flying Corps, later passing to the Royal Air Force on formation and thus becoming RAF Saint Inglevert...
. - On 3 August 1936, the First International Flying Flea Challenge Trophy Race was held at Ramsgate AirportRamsgate AirportRamsgate Airport was a civil airfield at Ramsgate, Kent, United Kingdom which opened in July 1935. It was briefly taken over by the Royal Air Force in the Second World War, becoming RAF Ramsgate. The airfield was then closed and obstructed to prevent its use...
, where three French and six British HM.14s attended. Various other aircraft types, including a HM.18 flown by Henri Mignet, gave flying displays. The Flying Flea handicap race was won by Edouard Bret in a HM.14 powered by a 17 hp Aubier et Dunne engine, while Stephen Appleby came second in G-ADMH, and Robert Robineau took third place.
Variants
Mignet provided drawings for alternative 6 m and 5 m span wings. The choice usually depended on the power and weight of the intended engine. He specified no particular engine, and the choice often depended on local availability and cost. In France, engines for HM.14s in the 1930s included 17 hp Aubier et Dunne 540 cc three-cylinder two-stroke, 25 hp Mengin B (PoinsardPoinsard
The Poinsard or Mengin Type B was a small, two-cylinder, air-cooled, horizontally opposed aircraft engine built in France. it was manufactured by Établissements Pierre Mengin from a design by René Poinsard. Power was around 19 kW at 2,280 rpm....
) four-stroke two-cylinder boxer, 16 hp Clerget, 40 hp Salmson
Salmson
Salmson was a French engineering company, initially in the automobile and aeroplane manufacturing area,turning to pump manufacturing in the 1960s.-History:...
radial. In the UK, popular air-cooled engines were 16 hp Scott Flying Squirrel
Scott Flying Squirrel
The Scott Flying Squirrel was a motorcycle made by The Scott Motorcycle Company between 1926 and the outbreak of World War II.-Development:The Squirrel name was used for Scott motorcycles since 1921 but with the death of the founder Alfred Angas Scott in 1923 the unorthodox Scott two-stroke...
A2S 650 cc, 25 hp Anzani
Anzani
Anzani was an engine manufacturer founded by the Italian Alessandro Anzani , which produced proprietary engines for aircraft, cars, boats, and motorcycles in factories in Britain, France and Italy.-Overview:...
1100 cc V-twin, 17-23 hp Douglas Sprite 500-750 cc, 34 hp Bristol Cherub
Bristol Cherub
-See also:-Bibliography:* Guttery, T.E. The Shuttleworth Collection. London: Wm. Carling & Co, 1969. ISBN 901319-01-5* Lumsden, Alec. British Piston Engines and their Aircraft. Marlborough, Wiltshire: Airlife Publishing, 2003. ISBN 1-85310-294-6....
1100 cc. Conversions of water-cooled engines included 28 hp Carden-Ford 1200 cc and 13 hp Austin 7
Austin 7
The Austin 7 was a car produced from 1922 through to 1939 in the United Kingdom by the Austin Motor Company. Nicknamed the "Baby Austin", it was one of the most popular cars ever produced for the British market, and sold well abroad...
750 cc four-cylinder types. The choice of engine and propeller combination also determined the option to drive the propeller directly from the crankshaft, or via a reduction chain drive or gearing.
On 14 July 1935, at Heston Aerodrome
Heston Aerodrome
Heston Aerodrome was a 1930s airfield located to the west of London, UK, operational between 1929 and 1947. It was situated on the border of the Heston and Cranford areas of Hounslow, Middlesex...
, Stephen Appleby
Stephen Appleby
Stephen Villiers Appleby was an English pilot, and leading proponent of the Mignet Pou-du-Ciel "Flying Flea" aircraft.-Early years:...
piloted the first flight of his HM.14 (G-ADMH), the first to fly in the UK. On 24 July 1935, the Air Ministry
Air Ministry
The Air Ministry was a department of the British Government with the responsibility of managing the affairs of the Royal Air Force, that existed from 1918 to 1964...
awarded it the first ever Authorisation to Fly document, being equivalent to a UK Certificate of Airworthiness with additional conditions and limitations. Following a forced landing, it was repaired with modifications designed by L.E. Baynes, at the factory of Abbott-Baynes Sailplanes. The modifications included a new 6 metres (19.7 ft) span front wing with a repositioned wing pivot, a partial engine cowling, and a low-mounted radiator for the existing water-cooled Carden-Ford engine. The aircraft was later converted to replace the wing control cables with twin "push-rods". Following the publicity of the aircraft and those personalities, many British HM.14s under construction acquired similar features. In April 1936, Baynes made improvements to the Flying Flea design, similar to those on Appleby's HM.14, plus further major modifications. Those included a 6.7 metres (22 ft) newly designed front wing with two outboard wing pivots, that eliminated wing-bracing wires, hence the name Baynes Cantilever Pou. The prototype of that (G-AEGD), plus a later example (G-AEJD), were extensively test-flown and demonstrated by Appleby.
In the UK, variations of the HM.14 were made by about 200 serious amateurs. A handful of companies also hoped to produce kits and completed HM.14s, including Abbott-Baynes Aircraft, Dart Aircraft, F. Hills & Son, Luton Aircraft, E.G. Perman and Company, and Puttnam Aircraft Company. Up to the start of World War II in September 1939, UK Authorisations to Fly were issued to 76 HM.14s, while registrations were issued for a further 45 projected examples.
Accidents and incidents
- On 19 August 1935, a HM.14 crashed fatally at AlgiersAlgiers' is the capital and largest city of Algeria. According to the 1998 census, the population of the city proper was 1,519,570 and that of the urban agglomeration was 2,135,630. In 2009, the population was about 3,500,000...
, pilot Monsieur Marignan. - On 14 September 1935, a HM.14 crashed fatally at Marseilles, pilot Henri Chapalet.
- On 26 November 1935, a HM.14 crashed fatally at CaenCaenCaen is a commune in northwestern France. It is the prefecture of the Calvados department and the capital of the Basse-Normandie region. It is located inland from the English Channel....
, pilot Rene Besnard. - On 15 March 1936, a HM.14 crashed fatally at Sergnyin, Switzerland, pilot Monsieur Kuffer.
- On 20 April 1936, a HM.14 (G-ADVL) crashed fatally at Renfrew aerodromeRenfrew AirportRenfrew Airport was the former domestic airport serving the city of Glasgow until it was decommissioned in 1966.It was located in the Newmains area of Renfrew, approximately 2 kilometres east of Abbotsinch Airfield which would eventually replace it...
, pilot A.H. Anderson. - On 4 May 1936, a HM.14 (G-AEEW) crashed fatally at Penshurst AirfieldPenshurst AirfieldPenshurst Airfield was an airfield in operation between 1916–36 and 1940–46. Initially a military airfield, after the First World War it was used as an alternate destination to Croydon Airport, with some civil flying taking place...
, pilot Ambrose M. Cowell. - On 21 May 1936, a HM.14 (G-AEBS) crashed fatally at RAF DigbyRAF DigbyRAF Digby is a Royal Air Force station which, since March 2005, has been operated by the Ministry of Defence's Joint Service Signals Organisation, part of the Intelligence Collection Group. Formerly a training and fighter airfield, it is currently a tri-service military signals installation located...
, pilot Sqn Ldr C.R. Davidson. - On 20 September 1936, a HM.14 (G-ADXY) suffered a fatal ground accident unrelated to the aircraft flight performance, pilot James Goodall.
By March 1936, Algerian and Swiss authorities had banned the flying of HM.14s, and the French Air Ministry stepped up its actions from cautionary notices to flight testing by the French Air Force, that resulted in an inconclusive published report. In June 1936, the French Minister for Air stopped all Flea flights in France, pending full-size wind tunnel tests at Chalais-Meudon. In July 1936, the published report described how pitch-up control could be lost in a shallow nose-down attitude, because the pivoting front wing reduced the separation from the rear wing (the "slot effect"), so that the aircraft could not be recovered from a dive into the ground. The effect was worsened if the centre of gravity had not been correctly calculated and adjusted. Mignet responded with several design changes, such as pivoting rear wing, different aerofoil contours on both wings, elimination of the overlap between the wings, and an adjustable fore-and-aft wing pivot location relative to the fuselage. In late 1936, those features, together with rigid wing control struts ("push-rods"), were embodied in an updated edition of his book Le Sport de l'Air. In August 1936, the Royal Aircraft Establishment
Royal Aircraft Establishment
The Royal Aircraft Establishment , was a British research establishment, known by several different names during its history, that eventually came under the aegis of the UK Ministry of Defence , before finally losing its identity in mergers with other institutions.The first site was at Farnborough...
started full-size wind tunnel tests using HM.14 G-AEFV. In October 1936, the report was published, confirming the French test findings. The Air Ministry then stopped renewing the Authorisation to Fly documents of all HM.14-related aircraft that had not received approved modifications. After World War II, no HM.14s were granted UK Authorisations to Fly, although several further examples were built.
Aircraft on display
- Barcelona Airport - HM.14
- Brooklands MuseumBrooklands MuseumBrooklands Museum is an independent charitable trust, established in 1987, whose aim is to conserve, protect and interpret the unique heritage of the Brooklands site. It is located south of Weybridge, Surrey and was first opened regularly in 1991 on of the original 1907 motor-racing circuit...
- HM.14 replica (G-ADRY) - Dart Airport Aviation Museum, Mayville, New YorkMayville, New York-Demographics:As of the census of 2000, there were 1,756 people, 686 households, and 399 families residing in the village. The population density was 875.0 people per square mile . There were 860 housing units at an average density of 428.5 per square mile...
- HM.14 - Doncaster Museum and Art Gallery - HM.14 (G-AEKR)
- Finnish Air Force Museum, TikkakoskiTikkakoskiTikkakoski is a neighbourhood of Jyväskylä, Finland, about north of the city centre. It has a population of 6,000.The Jyväskylä Airport, Aviation Museum of Central Finland, and a Finnish Air Force base, with the FAF Headquarters, and the Finnish Air Force Academy are all located in...
- HM.14 (OH-KAB) - Malta Aviation Museum, Ta' Qali - HM.14
- Midland Air MuseumMidland Air MuseumThe Midland Air Museum is situated just outside the village of Baginton in Warwickshire, England, and is adjacent to Coventry Airport. The museum includes the Sir Frank Whittle Jet Heritage Centre , where many exhibits are on display in a large hangar...
, Coventry, England - HM.14 (G-AEGV) - Musée de l'Air et de l'EspaceMusée de l'Air et de l'EspaceThe French Air and Space Museum is a French museum, located in the south-eastern edge of Le Bourget Airport, north of Paris, and in the commune of Le Bourget. It was created in 1919 from a proposition of Albert Caquot .-Description:Occupying over of land and hangars, it is one of the oldest...
- HM.14 - Musée du Chateau de SavignySavigny-lès-BeauneSavigny-lès-Beaune is a commune in the Côte-d'Or department in eastern France.-Population:-Wine:Savigny-lès-Beaune is one of the wine communes of the Côte de Beaune....
- HM.14 - Musée Régional de l'Air, Angers – Loire Airport - HM.14
- Museum of Science and Industry (Manchester) - HM.14 (BAPC.12)
- Museum of Transport and TechnologyMuseum of Transport and TechnologyThe Museum of Transport and Technology is a museum located in Western Springs, Auckland, New Zealand. It is located close to the Western Springs Stadium, Auckland Zoo and the Western Springs Park. The museum has large collections of civilian and military aircraft and other land transport vehicles...
, AucklandAucklandThe Auckland metropolitan area , in the North Island of New Zealand, is the largest and most populous urban area in the country with residents, percent of the country's population. Auckland also has the largest Polynesian population of any city in the world...
- HM.14 (ZM-AAA) - NASM Udvar-Hazy Center, Washington DC - HM.14 (X15749)
- National Technical Museum (Prague)National Technical Museum (Prague)The National Technical Museum in Prague is the largest institution dedicated to preserving information and artifacts related to the history of technology in the Czech Republic. The museum was founded in 1908 and has been in its current location since 1941. The museum has large exhibits...
- HM.14 - Newark Air MuseumNewark Air Museumright|thumb|200px|[[Handley Page Hastings]] T5 TG517 at the Newark Air Museum.Newark Air Museum is an air museum located on a former Royal Air Force station at Winthorpe, near Newark on Trent in Nottinghamshire, England. The museum contains a variety of aircraft...
- HM.14 (BAPC.43) - Norfolk and Suffolk Aviation MuseumNorfolk and Suffolk Aviation MuseumThe Norfolk and Suffolk Aviation Museum is a museum collection of aircraft and aviation-related artefacts, located near the former RAF Bungay airfield on the outskirts of Flixton, in the United Kingdom....
, Flixton - HM.14 (BAPC.115) - North East Aircraft MuseumNorth East Aircraft MuseumThe North East Aircraft Museum is a volunteer-run aviation museum situated on the site of the former RAF Usworth/Sunderland Airport, between Washington and Sunderland, England. The museum has the largest aviation collection between Yorkshire and Scotland and houses over 30 aircraft and a wide...
- HM.14 replica (G-ADVU) - Prague Aviation Museum, KbelyPrague Aviation Museum, KbelyPrague Aviation Museum, Kbely is a major aviation museum located at Prague's original airport at Kbely, north-east of the town centre near Route 10 .-History of Kbely Airfield:...
- HM.14 - Queensland MuseumQueensland MuseumThe Queensland Museum is the state museum of Queensland. The museum currently operates four separate campuses; at South Brisbane, Ipswich, Toowoomba and Townsville.The museum is funded by the State Government of Queensland.-History:...
, BrisbaneBrisbaneBrisbane is the capital and most populous city in the Australian state of Queensland and the third most populous city in Australia. Brisbane's metropolitan area has a population of over 2 million, and the South East Queensland urban conurbation, centred around Brisbane, encompasses a population of...
, AustraliaAustraliaAustralia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
- HM.14 - Real Aeroplane Company, BreightonBreightonBreighton is a village in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It is situated on the east bank of the River Derwent, approximately north west of Howden.It forms part of the civil parish of Bubwith....
- HM.14 (G-ADXS) - Royal Air Force Museum CosfordRoyal Air Force Museum CosfordThe Royal Air Force Museum Cosford is a museum dedicated to the history of aviation, and the Royal Air Force in particular. The museum is a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport and a registered charity...
- HM.14 (G-AEEH) - Shuttleworth CollectionShuttleworth CollectionThe Shuttleworth Collection is an aeronautical and automotive museum located at the Old Warden airfield in Bedfordshire, England. It is one of the most prestigious in the world due to the variety of old and well-preserved aircraft.- History :...
- HM.14 (G-AEBB), with Bristol CherubBristol Cherub-See also:-Bibliography:* Guttery, T.E. The Shuttleworth Collection. London: Wm. Carling & Co, 1969. ISBN 901319-01-5* Lumsden, Alec. British Piston Engines and their Aircraft. Marlborough, Wiltshire: Airlife Publishing, 2003. ISBN 1-85310-294-6....
engine - Sinsheim Auto & Technik MuseumSinsheim Auto & Technik MuseumThe Auto & Technik Museum Sinsheim is a technology museum in Sinsheim, Germany. Opened in 1981, it is run by a registered association called "Auto & Technik Museum Sinsheim e.V." which also runs the Technik Museum Speyer. , it has more than 3,000 exhibits and an exhibition area of more than 50,000 m²...
- HM.14 (D-EMIL) - Solent SkySolent SkySolent Sky is an aviation museum in Southampton, Hampshire, previously known as Southampton Hall of Aviation.It depicts the history of aviation in Southampton, the Solent area and Hampshire. There is special focus on the Supermarine aircraft company, based in Southampton, and its most famous...
, Southampton - HM.14 replica (G-ADZW) - Stockholm-Arlanda AirportStockholm-Arlanda AirportStockholm Arlanda Airport , is an international airport located in the Sigtuna Municipality of Sweden, near the town of Märsta, north of Stockholm and nearly , by road, south-east of Uppsala....
- HM.14 - Stondon Transport Museum, UK - HM.14 replica (G-ADRG)
- Swiss Transport MuseumSwiss Transport MuseumThe Swiss Transport Museum or Verkehrshaus der Schweiz, in Lucerne, is a museum, opened in July 1959 and exhibiting all forms of transport as well as communications...
, Lucerne - HM.14 (HBMH8) - The Science Museum at Wroughton - HM.14 (G-AEHM)
- Wanaka Transport Museum, WanakaWanakaWanaka is a town in the Otago region of the South Island of New Zealand. It is situated at the southern end of Lake Wanaka, adjacent to the outflow of the lake to the Clutha River. It is the gateway to Mount Aspiring National Park. Wanaka is primarily a resort town but has both summer and winter...
- HM.14 (ZM-AAC) - Yorkshire Air MuseumYorkshire Air MuseumThe Yorkshire Air Museum & Allied Air Forces Memorial, , is an air museum in England. The museum was founded, and first opened to the public, in the early 1980s....
- HM.14 replica (G-AFFI)