Mac OS X Server 1.0
Encyclopedia
Mac OS X Server 1.0, released on March 16, 1999, is the first operating system
released into the retail market by Apple Computer
based on their acquisition of NeXT
. It followed the Rhapsody series of developer releases of what was to be known as Mac OS X. Although OS X Server 1.0 had a variation of the Platinum "look and feel" from Mac OS 8
, it is based on the OPENSTEP
(and thus, NeXTSTEP
) operating system instead of the classic Mac OS, giving users a preview of the future operating system Mac OS X
. It was replaced by a version based on Mac OS X v10.0
in 2001.
. The user interface still uses the Display PostScript
-based window server from NeXTSTEP, instead of the Quartz
-based WindowServer
which would appear a year later in Mac OS X Public Beta
. Windows with unsaved content display a black dot in the window close button like NeXTSTEP. The Dock
and the Aqua appearance were still being developed and thus not included; these were later added to Mac OS X.
"Carbon
", essentially a sub-set of "classic" Mac OS API calls, was also absent. This meant that the only native applications for OS X Server 1.0 were written for the "Yellow Box" API, which went on to become known as "Cocoa
". Furthermore, Apple's own FireWire was not supported.
Server 1.0 also includes the first version of a NetBoot
server, which allows computers to boot from a disk image over a local network. This was particularly useful in a school or other public-machine setting, as it allowed the machines to be booted from a single OS copy stored on Server 1.0, making it difficult for users to damage the OS by installing software – as soon as they signed out, the machine would re-boot with a fresh OS from the NetBoot server.
To run classic Mac OS applications, Mac OS X Server 1.0 includes the "Blue Box" which essentially ran a copy of Mac OS 8.5.1
in a separate process as an emulation layer. This became the "Classic Environment
" in Mac OS X, though it was no longer Mac OS 8.5.1 being run, but the latest version of Mac OS 9
.
Operating system
An operating system is a set of programs that manage computer hardware resources and provide common services for application software. The operating system is the most important type of system software in a computer system...
released into the retail market by Apple Computer
Apple Computer
Apple Inc. is an American multinational corporation that designs and markets consumer electronics, computer software, and personal computers. The company's best-known hardware products include the Macintosh line of computers, the iPod, the iPhone and the iPad...
based on their acquisition of NeXT
NeXT
Next, Inc. was an American computer company headquartered in Redwood City, California, that developed and manufactured a series of computer workstations intended for the higher education and business markets...
. It followed the Rhapsody series of developer releases of what was to be known as Mac OS X. Although OS X Server 1.0 had a variation of the Platinum "look and feel" from Mac OS 8
Mac OS 8
Mac OS 8 is an operating system that was released by Apple Computer on July 26, 1997. It represented the largest overhaul of the Mac OS since the release of System 7, some six years previously. It puts more emphasis on color than previous operating systems...
, it is based on the OPENSTEP
OpenStep
OpenStep was an object-oriented application programming interface specification for an object-oriented operating system that used a non-NeXTSTEP operating system as its core, principally developed by NeXT with Sun Microsystems. OPENSTEP was a specific implementation of the OpenStep API developed...
(and thus, NeXTSTEP
NEXTSTEP
NeXTSTEP was the object-oriented, multitasking operating system developed by NeXT Computer to run on its range of proprietary workstation computers, such as the NeXTcube...
) operating system instead of the classic Mac OS, giving users a preview of the future operating system Mac OS X
Mac OS X
Mac OS X is a series of Unix-based operating systems and graphical user interfaces developed, marketed, and sold by Apple Inc. Since 2002, has been included with all new Macintosh computer systems...
. It was replaced by a version based on Mac OS X v10.0
Mac OS X v10.0
Mac OS X version 10.0, code named "Cheetah", is the first major release of Mac OS X, Apple’s desktop and server operating system. Mac OS X v10.0 was released on March 24, 2001 for a price of US$129...
in 2001.
Design
Server 1.0 contains a mix of features from the classic Mac OS, NeXTSTEP and Mac OS X. It has a single menu bar across the top of the screen like Mac OS but file management is performed in Workspace Manager from NeXTSTEP instead of the Mac's FinderMacintosh Finder
The Finder is the default file manager used on Mac OS and Mac OS X operating systems; it is responsible for the overall user-management of files, disks, network volumes and the launching of other applications...
. The user interface still uses the Display PostScript
Display PostScript
Display PostScript is an on-screen display system. As the name implies, DPS uses the PostScript imaging model and language to generate on-screen graphics...
-based window server from NeXTSTEP, instead of the Quartz
Quartz (graphics layer)
Quartz specifically refers to a pair of Mac OS X technologies, each part of the Core Graphics framework: Quartz 2D and Quartz Compositor. It includes both a 2D renderer in Core Graphics and the composition engine that sends instructions to the graphics card...
-based WindowServer
Quartz Compositor
Quartz Compositor is the windowing system in Mac OS X. It is responsible for presenting and maintaining rasterized, rendered graphics from the rest of the Core Graphics framework and other renderers in the Quartz technologies family...
which would appear a year later in Mac OS X Public Beta
Mac OS X Public Beta
The Mac OS X Public Beta was an early beta version of Apple Computer's Mac OS X operating system Cheetah. It was released to the public on September 13, 2000 for US$29.95...
. Windows with unsaved content display a black dot in the window close button like NeXTSTEP. The Dock
Dock (computing)
The Dock is a prominent feature of the graphical user interface of the Mac OS X operating system. It is used to launch applications and switch between running applications...
and the Aqua appearance were still being developed and thus not included; these were later added to Mac OS X.
"Carbon
Carbon (API)
Carbon is one of Apple Inc.'s procedural application programming interfaces for the Macintosh operating system. It provides C programming language access to Macintosh system services...
", essentially a sub-set of "classic" Mac OS API calls, was also absent. This meant that the only native applications for OS X Server 1.0 were written for the "Yellow Box" API, which went on to become known as "Cocoa
Cocoa (API)
Cocoa is Apple's native object-oriented application programming interface for the Mac OS X operating system and—along with the Cocoa Touch extension for gesture recognition and animation—for applications for the iOS operating system, used on Apple devices such as the iPhone, the iPod Touch, and...
". Furthermore, Apple's own FireWire was not supported.
Server 1.0 also includes the first version of a NetBoot
NetBoot
NetBoot is a technology from Apple which enables Macs with capable firmware to boot from a network, rather than a local hard disk or optical disc drive. NetBoot is a derived work from the Bootstrap Protocol , and is similar in concept to the Preboot Execution Environment...
server, which allows computers to boot from a disk image over a local network. This was particularly useful in a school or other public-machine setting, as it allowed the machines to be booted from a single OS copy stored on Server 1.0, making it difficult for users to damage the OS by installing software – as soon as they signed out, the machine would re-boot with a fresh OS from the NetBoot server.
To run classic Mac OS applications, Mac OS X Server 1.0 includes the "Blue Box" which essentially ran a copy of Mac OS 8.5.1
Mac OS 8
Mac OS 8 is an operating system that was released by Apple Computer on July 26, 1997. It represented the largest overhaul of the Mac OS since the release of System 7, some six years previously. It puts more emphasis on color than previous operating systems...
in a separate process as an emulation layer. This became the "Classic Environment
Classic (Mac OS X)
Classic, or Classic Environment, was a hardware and software abstraction layer in Mac OS X that allowed applications compatible with Mac OS 9 to run on the Mac OS X operating system...
" in Mac OS X, though it was no longer Mac OS 8.5.1 being run, but the latest version of Mac OS 9
Mac OS 9
Mac OS 9 is the final major release of Apple's Mac OS before the launch of Mac OS X. Introduced on October 23, 1999, Apple positioned it as "The Best Internet Operating System Ever," highlighting Sherlock 2's Internet search capabilities, integration with Apple's free online services known as...
.
Release history
| Version | Code name | Date | OS name Uname uname is a software program in Unix and Unix-like computer operating systems that prints the name, version and other details about the current machine and the operating system running on it... |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mac OS X Server 1.0 | Hera1O9 | March 16, 1999 | Rhapsody 5.3 |
| Mac OS X Server 1.0.1 | Hera1O9 | April 15, 1999 | Rhapsody 5.4 |
| Mac OS X Server 1.0.2 | Hera1O9+Loki2G1 | July 29, 1999 | Rhapsody 5.5 |
| Mac OS X Server 1.2 | Pele1Q10 | January 14, 2000 | Rhapsody 5.6 |
| Mac OS X Server 1.2 v3 | Medusa1E3 | October 27, 2000 | Rhapsody 5.6 |
External links
- Mac OS X Server 1.0 to 1.2: System Requirements
- Mac OS X Server 1.2 - What's new? By: Scott Anguish
- OS X Server: First Impressions—Review by Cæsar for ArsTechnica