Krüss Optronic
Encyclopedia
A. Krüss Optronic GmbH is a German manufacturer and distributor of optical and electronic laboratory equipment as well as instruments for gemology
. The Hamburg
based company is one of the traditional Hanseatic family-owned enterprises and one of the oldest companies in Germany. It had its origins in the optical workshop of Mechanicus Opticus Edmund Gabory, founded in 1796.
A. Krüss Optronic has a branch office in the US and representations in many countries of the world.
In 1859, Edmund Johann Krüss, the son of Andres, expanded the company by a lens-grinding facility, to produce his own lenses for microscopes, photographic cameras and projectors. He demonstrated the quality of his products in his own photographic studio. Edmund Johann constructed early cross-fading slide projectors and got a patent for the famous magic lantern, a forerunner of movie projectors, in 1865.
From 1888 to 1920, the company was managed by Prof. Hugo Krüss, son of Edmund Johann, who did fundamental work on the theory and application of photometry. His Manual of Electro Technical Photometry became the benchmark of this realm. He transformed the enterprise from a manufacturer of scientific instruments into a technological pacemaker who set standards, e.g. in colorimetry.
As founder and first chairman of the Hamburg Society for Precission Engineering and Optics, Prof. Hugo Krüss also got involved as speaker for the photometric industry since 1891 and acted as a consultant for the German government. In this role, he convinced the government to establish a special customs tariff for scientific instruments. The Senat of Hamburg awarded him the title of a professor in 1917 and one year later he was honored Doctor Honoris Causa by the University of Göttingen. In 1930, the City of Hamburg named a street after him.
Hugo’s son, Dr. Paul Krüss joined the company at the age of only 24 and continued the work of his father. He was called master craftsman with a doctorate as he developed new physical measurement methods and also constructed the necessary equipment. Paul Krüss led the company through the stormy times of the twentieth century. After World War II, he handed the management over to his son Andres, who won a great number of new international customers during the German economic miracle.
The continuity of family leadership has been carried beyond the twentieth century. Since 1980, Martina Krüss-Leibrock has been head of the company. Her daughter Karin Leibrock joined in 2005. With her entry, the enterprise has been family-run for eight generations.
In February 2009, A. Krüss Optronics moved to a new building close to the Hamburg Airport.
s traditionally are the core product of A. Krüss Optronic. The company offers a great variety of stereoscopic and monocular instruments, dedicated to medical, biological, and technical applications, as well as photographic and video accessories.
s for the analysis of solutions are available from a robust, manually operated laboratory device to fully automated computer driven sets. Krüss also offers automatic portable polarimeters for quick precise measurements in the field, e.g. for incoming inspections.
s are provided for measurement of the refraction index of liquids as well as polymers. Desk-Top and electronic portable refractometers can be used for many applications in the food and chemical industry.
is a typical parameter of each compound. A. Krüess Optronic
offers digital density meters with an accuracy up to 0.00005 g/cm³. All are
compliant to GLP
/GMP
and ASTM
-standards. Results and parameters are displayed on integrated
touch-screens and may be delivered through different computer interfaces.
is specific characterisic of a substance. A.Krüss Optronic provides a fully
automatic melting point meter for powdery substances. With the device, melting points up to 400 °C
can be examined.
Beside these main product groups, A.Krüss Optronic offers a variety of laboratory equipment, like flame-photometers
, devices for spectral measurements, UV and analysis lamps, color sensors, and lab-software.
instruments and equipment. It includes gemological magnifiers and microscopes, special spectrometers and gem-refractometers, and complete battery operated portable laboratories for field operation.
Gemology
Gemology or gemmology is the science dealing with natural and artificial gems and gemstones. It is considered a geoscience and a branch of mineralogy...
. The Hamburg
Hamburg
-History:The first historic name for the city was, according to Claudius Ptolemy's reports, Treva.But the city takes its modern name, Hamburg, from the first permanent building on the site, a castle whose construction was ordered by the Emperor Charlemagne in AD 808...
based company is one of the traditional Hanseatic family-owned enterprises and one of the oldest companies in Germany. It had its origins in the optical workshop of Mechanicus Opticus Edmund Gabory, founded in 1796.
A. Krüss Optronic has a branch office in the US and representations in many countries of the world.
History
Edmund Gabory trained in London, with the most famous optician of his time, Jesse Ramsden. After some years in their own workshop in London, he and his family moved the business to Hamburg in 1796, where they could take advantage from the prospering seaport and trading center. In 1844, Edmund Garbory's assistant and son-in-law Andres Krüss founded his own company, and sold navigational instruments and nautical charts. The two businesses were joined in 1886 into one company that exists until today.In 1859, Edmund Johann Krüss, the son of Andres, expanded the company by a lens-grinding facility, to produce his own lenses for microscopes, photographic cameras and projectors. He demonstrated the quality of his products in his own photographic studio. Edmund Johann constructed early cross-fading slide projectors and got a patent for the famous magic lantern, a forerunner of movie projectors, in 1865.
From 1888 to 1920, the company was managed by Prof. Hugo Krüss, son of Edmund Johann, who did fundamental work on the theory and application of photometry. His Manual of Electro Technical Photometry became the benchmark of this realm. He transformed the enterprise from a manufacturer of scientific instruments into a technological pacemaker who set standards, e.g. in colorimetry.
As founder and first chairman of the Hamburg Society for Precission Engineering and Optics, Prof. Hugo Krüss also got involved as speaker for the photometric industry since 1891 and acted as a consultant for the German government. In this role, he convinced the government to establish a special customs tariff for scientific instruments. The Senat of Hamburg awarded him the title of a professor in 1917 and one year later he was honored Doctor Honoris Causa by the University of Göttingen. In 1930, the City of Hamburg named a street after him.
Hugo’s son, Dr. Paul Krüss joined the company at the age of only 24 and continued the work of his father. He was called master craftsman with a doctorate as he developed new physical measurement methods and also constructed the necessary equipment. Paul Krüss led the company through the stormy times of the twentieth century. After World War II, he handed the management over to his son Andres, who won a great number of new international customers during the German economic miracle.
The continuity of family leadership has been carried beyond the twentieth century. Since 1980, Martina Krüss-Leibrock has been head of the company. Her daughter Karin Leibrock joined in 2005. With her entry, the enterprise has been family-run for eight generations.
In February 2009, A. Krüss Optronics moved to a new building close to the Hamburg Airport.
Microscopes
MicroscopeMicroscope
A microscope is an instrument used to see objects that are too small for the naked eye. The science of investigating small objects using such an instrument is called microscopy...
s traditionally are the core product of A. Krüss Optronic. The company offers a great variety of stereoscopic and monocular instruments, dedicated to medical, biological, and technical applications, as well as photographic and video accessories.
Polarimeters
PolarimeterPolarimeter
A polarimeter is a scientific instrument used to measure the angle of rotation caused by passing polarized light through an optically active substance....
s for the analysis of solutions are available from a robust, manually operated laboratory device to fully automated computer driven sets. Krüss also offers automatic portable polarimeters for quick precise measurements in the field, e.g. for incoming inspections.
Refractometers
RefractometerRefractometer
A refractometer is a laboratory or field device for the measurement of an index of refraction . The index of refraction is calculated from Snell's law and can be calculated from the composition of the material using the Gladstone-Dale relation....
s are provided for measurement of the refraction index of liquids as well as polymers. Desk-Top and electronic portable refractometers can be used for many applications in the food and chemical industry.
Density Meters
The (mechanical) densityDensity
The mass density or density of a material is defined as its mass per unit volume. The symbol most often used for density is ρ . In some cases , density is also defined as its weight per unit volume; although, this quantity is more properly called specific weight...
is a typical parameter of each compound. A. Krüess Optronic
offers digital density meters with an accuracy up to 0.00005 g/cm³. All are
compliant to GLP
Good Laboratory Practice
In the experimental research arena, the phrase good laboratory practice or GLP specifically refers to a quality system of management controls for research laboratories and organizations to try to ensure the uniformity, consistency, reliability, reproducibility, quality, and integrity of chemical ...
/GMP
Good Manufacturing Practice
"Good manufacturing practice" or "GMP" are practices and the systems required to be adapted in pharmaceutical manufacturing, quality control, quality system covering the manufacture and testing of pharmaceuticals or drugs including active pharmaceutical ingredients, diagnostics, foods,...
and ASTM
ASTM International
ASTM International, known until 2001 as the American Society for Testing and Materials , is an international standards organization that develops and publishes voluntary consensus technical standards for a wide range of materials, products, systems, and services...
-standards. Results and parameters are displayed on integrated
touch-screens and may be delivered through different computer interfaces.
Melting Point Meter
The melting pointMelting point
The melting point of a solid is the temperature at which it changes state from solid to liquid. At the melting point the solid and liquid phase exist in equilibrium. The melting point of a substance depends on pressure and is usually specified at standard atmospheric pressure...
is specific characterisic of a substance. A.Krüss Optronic provides a fully
automatic melting point meter for powdery substances. With the device, melting points up to 400 °C
can be examined.
Beside these main product groups, A.Krüss Optronic offers a variety of laboratory equipment, like flame-photometers
Photometer
In its widest sense, a photometer is an instrument for measuring light intensity or optical properties of solutions or surfaces. Photometers are used to measure:*Illuminance*Irradiance*Light absorption*Scattering of light*Reflection of light*Fluorescence...
, devices for spectral measurements, UV and analysis lamps, color sensors, and lab-software.
Gemology
A specialty of A.Krüss Optronic is their program of gemologicalGemology
Gemology or gemmology is the science dealing with natural and artificial gems and gemstones. It is considered a geoscience and a branch of mineralogy...
instruments and equipment. It includes gemological magnifiers and microscopes, special spectrometers and gem-refractometers, and complete battery operated portable laboratories for field operation.
External links
- A. Krüss Optronic GmbH - company web site