Korczak's orphanages
Encyclopedia
The orphanages ran by Janusz Korczak
and Stefania Wilczyńska were among the earliest Democratic education
institutes in the world. They were two orphanages, located in Warsaw
. One orphanage was established for Jewish children in 1911 and stopped working on 1942, when the SS took all its residents and workers to Treblinka extermination camp
. The other orphanage, for Christian
children, was established in 1918, after World War I
, and was nationalized
by the German
occupier in 1940. Most of the information about the educational method of those institutes was gathered in the Jewish orphanage.
Janusz Korczak
Janusz Korczak, the pen name of Henryk Goldszmit was a Polish-Jewish children's author, and pediatrician known as Pan Doktor or Stary Doktor...
and Stefania Wilczyńska were among the earliest Democratic education
Democratic education
Democratic education is a theory of learning and school governance in which students and staff participate freely and equally in a school democracy...
institutes in the world. They were two orphanages, located in Warsaw
Warsaw
Warsaw is the capital and largest city of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River, roughly from the Baltic Sea and from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population in 2010 was estimated at 1,716,855 residents with a greater metropolitan area of 2,631,902 residents, making Warsaw the 10th most...
. One orphanage was established for Jewish children in 1911 and stopped working on 1942, when the SS took all its residents and workers to Treblinka extermination camp
Treblinka extermination camp
Treblinka was a Nazi extermination camp in occupied Poland during World War II near the village of Treblinka in the modern-day Masovian Voivodeship of Poland. The camp, which was constructed as part of Operation Reinhard, operated between and ,. During this time, approximately 850,000 men, women...
. The other orphanage, for Christian
Christian
A Christian is a person who adheres to Christianity, an Abrahamic, monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as recorded in the Canonical gospels and the letters of the New Testament...
children, was established in 1918, after World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
, and was nationalized
Nationalization
Nationalisation, also spelled nationalization, is the process of taking an industry or assets into government ownership by a national government or state. Nationalization usually refers to private assets, but may also mean assets owned by lower levels of government, such as municipalities, being...
by the German
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany , also known as the Third Reich , but officially called German Reich from 1933 to 1943 and Greater German Reich from 26 June 1943 onward, is the name commonly used to refer to the state of Germany from 1933 to 1945, when it was a totalitarian dictatorship ruled by...
occupier in 1940. Most of the information about the educational method of those institutes was gathered in the Jewish orphanage.
External links
- Stefania Wilczyńska @ Find a Grave
- Korczak's Orphans opera by Adam SilvermanAdam SilvermanAdam Benjamin Silverman is a composer of contemporary classical music. His works include the opera Korczak's Orphans , chamber and orchestral music, and music for the theater...
and Susan Gubernat - I'm small, but important, German Documentary by Walther Petri and Konrad Weiss
- Lewowicki, Tadeusz: Janusz Korczak. (PDF-File, 43 KB) Prospects:the quarterly review of comparative education, vol. XXIV, no. 1/2, 1994, p. 37–48.
- Wiersz Kazimierza Dąbrowskiego "Wątek X - Janusz Korczak" Heksis 1/2010