John C. Flanagan
Encyclopedia
John C. Flanagan, was a noted psychologist
most known for developing the Critical Incident Technique
, which identifies and classifies behaviors associated with the success or failure of human activity. He was a pioneer of aviation psychology. During World War II
Flanagan was commissioned by the U.S. Army Air Corps in 1941 to head an aviation psychology program that developed tests to help identify pilots suitable for combat missions.
Flanagan was born in Armour, South Dakota on January 7, 1906, and raised in Seattle, Washington. He died on April 15, 1996 at his home in Menlo Park, California. He graduated from the University of Washington
in 1929, and was the starting quarterback on the football team his senior year. He received his doctorate from Harvard University
in 1934.
In 1946, Flanagan founded the American Institutes for Research, a not-for-profit behavioral and social research organization that applied the Critical Incident Technique
to education and other fields.
In 1960 Flanagan initiated Project Talent
, a massive survey of more than 400,000 high school students throughout the United States. To follow up on the needs revealed by Project Talent, Flanagan developed Project PLAN-Program for Learning in Accordance with Needs, an entire curriculum from grades one through twelve designed to meet the individual needs of all students. This was one of the earliest and most comprehensive individualized computer-assisted learning programs.
Among the honors Flanagan received were: Legion of Merit
by the Army Air Corps; Raymond F. Longacre Award of the Aero-Medical Association, Edward Lee Thorndike
Award of the APA
Division of Educational Psychology
, 1976 Distinguished Professional Contribution Award of APA
, Phi Delta Kappa
Award for Outstanding Contributions to Education, Development and Research, ETS
Award for Distinguished Service to Measurement; Professional Practice Award of APA
’s Division of Industrial/Organizational Psychology.
http://www.apa.org/pubs/databases/psycinfo/cit-article.pdf The Critical Incident Technique, John C. Flanagan, Psychological Bulletin, Vol. 54, No.4, July 1954
http://www.nytimes.com/1996/04/28/us/john-flanagan-90-psychologist-who-devised-pilot-aptitude-test.html?scp=1&sq=John%20C.%20Flanagan&st=cse Karen Freeman (April 28, 1996). “John Flanagan, 90, Psychologist Who Devised Pilot Aptitude Test”. New York Times.
http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,896531,00.html Education: Talent Census, Time Magazine, Friday, Aug. 24, 1962.
The First Fifteen Years of Project Talent: Implications for Career Guidance, Flanagan, J. C., Vocational Guidance Quarterly, 22, 8-14, 1974.
http://www.air.org/about/?fa=viewContent&content_id=181 The American Institutes for Research History Timeline
Psychologist
Psychologist is a professional or academic title used by individuals who are either:* Clinical professionals who work with patients in a variety of therapeutic contexts .* Scientists conducting psychological research or teaching psychology in a college...
most known for developing the Critical Incident Technique
Critical Incident Technique
The Critical Incident Technique is a set of procedures used for collecting direct observations of human behavior that have critical significance and meet methodically defined criteria. These observations are then kept track of as incidents, which are then used to solve practical problems and...
, which identifies and classifies behaviors associated with the success or failure of human activity. He was a pioneer of aviation psychology. During World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
Flanagan was commissioned by the U.S. Army Air Corps in 1941 to head an aviation psychology program that developed tests to help identify pilots suitable for combat missions.
Flanagan was born in Armour, South Dakota on January 7, 1906, and raised in Seattle, Washington. He died on April 15, 1996 at his home in Menlo Park, California. He graduated from the University of Washington
University of Washington
University of Washington is a public research university, founded in 1861 in Seattle, Washington, United States. The UW is the largest university in the Northwest and the oldest public university on the West Coast. The university has three campuses, with its largest campus in the University...
in 1929, and was the starting quarterback on the football team his senior year. He received his doctorate from Harvard University
Harvard University
Harvard University is a private Ivy League university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States, established in 1636 by the Massachusetts legislature. Harvard is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States and the first corporation chartered in the country...
in 1934.
In 1946, Flanagan founded the American Institutes for Research, a not-for-profit behavioral and social research organization that applied the Critical Incident Technique
Critical Incident Technique
The Critical Incident Technique is a set of procedures used for collecting direct observations of human behavior that have critical significance and meet methodically defined criteria. These observations are then kept track of as incidents, which are then used to solve practical problems and...
to education and other fields.
In 1960 Flanagan initiated Project Talent
Project Talent
Project Talent was a large-scale, national survey of the abilities, aptitudes, inclinations, quality of life, and backgrounds of over 400,000 U.S. high school students undertaken in 1960...
, a massive survey of more than 400,000 high school students throughout the United States. To follow up on the needs revealed by Project Talent, Flanagan developed Project PLAN-Program for Learning in Accordance with Needs, an entire curriculum from grades one through twelve designed to meet the individual needs of all students. This was one of the earliest and most comprehensive individualized computer-assisted learning programs.
Among the honors Flanagan received were: Legion of Merit
Legion of Merit
The Legion of Merit is a military decoration of the United States armed forces that is awarded for exceptionally meritorious conduct in the performance of outstanding services and achievements...
by the Army Air Corps; Raymond F. Longacre Award of the Aero-Medical Association, Edward Lee Thorndike
Edward Thorndike
Edward Lee "Ted" Thorndike was an American psychologist who spent nearly his entire career at Teachers College, Columbia University. His work on animal behavior and the learning process led to the theory of connectionism and helped lay the scientific foundation for modern educational psychology...
Award of the APA
APA
- Associations :* Aborigines Progressive Association, an Australian organization* All Peoples' Association , a British voluntary organization* Allied Pilots Association, the certified collective bargaining agent for American Airlines pilots...
Division of Educational Psychology
Educational psychology
Educational psychology is the study of how humans learn in educational settings, the effectiveness of educational interventions, the psychology of teaching, and the social psychology of schools as organizations. Educational psychology is concerned with how students learn and develop, often focusing...
, 1976 Distinguished Professional Contribution Award of APA
APA
- Associations :* Aborigines Progressive Association, an Australian organization* All Peoples' Association , a British voluntary organization* Allied Pilots Association, the certified collective bargaining agent for American Airlines pilots...
, Phi Delta Kappa
Phi Delta Kappa
Phi Delta Kappa is an US professional organization for educators. Its headquarters are located in Bloomington, Indiana. It was founded on 24 January 1906. Phi Delta Kappa also had a youth organization, called Xinos, girls, and Kudos, guys.-Membership:Currently, membership consists of students,...
Award for Outstanding Contributions to Education, Development and Research, ETS
Educational Testing Service
Educational Testing Service , founded in 1947, is the world's largest private nonprofit educational testing and assessment organization...
Award for Distinguished Service to Measurement; Professional Practice Award of APA
APA
- Associations :* Aborigines Progressive Association, an Australian organization* All Peoples' Association , a British voluntary organization* Allied Pilots Association, the certified collective bargaining agent for American Airlines pilots...
’s Division of Industrial/Organizational Psychology.
External links
http://www.apa.org/pubs/databases/psycinfo/cit-article.pdf The Critical Incident Technique, John C. Flanagan, Psychological Bulletin, Vol. 54, No.4, July 1954
http://www.nytimes.com/1996/04/28/us/john-flanagan-90-psychologist-who-devised-pilot-aptitude-test.html?scp=1&sq=John%20C.%20Flanagan&st=cse Karen Freeman (April 28, 1996). “John Flanagan, 90, Psychologist Who Devised Pilot Aptitude Test”. New York Times.
http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,896531,00.html Education: Talent Census, Time Magazine, Friday, Aug. 24, 1962.
The First Fifteen Years of Project Talent: Implications for Career Guidance, Flanagan, J. C., Vocational Guidance Quarterly, 22, 8-14, 1974.
http://www.air.org/about/?fa=viewContent&content_id=181 The American Institutes for Research History Timeline