Jean Claude Eugène Péclet
Encyclopedia
Jean Claude Eugène Péclet (February 10, 1793 - December 6, 1857) was a French
physicist
.
He was born in Besançon
, France
.
Péclet became, in 1812, one of the first students of the École Normale in Paris
with Gay-Lussac
and Dulong
being his professors. In 1816, he was elected professor at the Collège de Marseille and taught physical sciences there until 1827. Being nominated maître de conférences at the École Normale, he returned to Paris. In 1829, he became a professor of physics at the École Centrale des Arts et Manufactures
that was being founded by the businessman Alphonse Lavallée
, by Péclet, and by three other scientists, Philippe Benoît, Jean-Baptiste Dumas
and Théodore Olivier.
His salary was then 3000 Francs per year, plus a share of the profits of this private engineering school.
In 1840, Péclet became inspecteur général de l'instruction publique.
The Péclet number
is named after him. He was Coriolis
's brother-in-law.
He died in Paris
.
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
physicist
Physicist
A physicist is a scientist who studies or practices physics. Physicists study a wide range of physical phenomena in many branches of physics spanning all length scales: from sub-atomic particles of which all ordinary matter is made to the behavior of the material Universe as a whole...
.
He was born in Besançon
Besançon
Besançon , is the capital and principal city of the Franche-Comté region in eastern France. It had a population of about 237,000 inhabitants in the metropolitan area in 2008...
, France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
.
Péclet became, in 1812, one of the first students of the École Normale in Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
with Gay-Lussac
Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac
- External links :* from the American Chemical Society* from the Encyclopædia Britannica, 10th Edition * , Paris...
and Dulong
Pierre Louis Dulong
Pierre Louis Dulong was a French physicist and chemist, remembered today largely for the law of Dulong and Petit. He worked on the specific heat capacity and the expansion and refractive indices of gases....
being his professors. In 1816, he was elected professor at the Collège de Marseille and taught physical sciences there until 1827. Being nominated maître de conférences at the École Normale, he returned to Paris. In 1829, he became a professor of physics at the École Centrale des Arts et Manufactures
École Centrale Paris
École Centrale Paris is a French university-level institution in the field of engineering. It is also known by its original name École centrale des arts et manufactures, or ECP. Founded in 1829, it is one of the oldest and most prestigious engineering schools in France and has the special status...
that was being founded by the businessman Alphonse Lavallée
Alphonse Lavallée
Alphonse Lavallée is the founder of the École Centrale Paris, a French Grande École.He was born in 1791 in Savigné-l'Évêque . He became a businessman in the region of Nantes...
, by Péclet, and by three other scientists, Philippe Benoît, Jean-Baptiste Dumas
Jean-Baptiste Dumas
Jean Baptiste André Dumas was a French chemist, best known for his works on organic analysis and synthesis, as well as the determination of atomic weights and molecular weights by measuring vapor densities...
and Théodore Olivier.
His salary was then 3000 Francs per year, plus a share of the profits of this private engineering school.
In 1840, Péclet became inspecteur général de l'instruction publique.
The Péclet number
Péclet number
The Péclet number is a dimensionless number relevant in the study of transport phenomena in fluid flows. It is named after the French physicist Jean Claude Eugène Péclet. It is defined to be the ratio of the rate of advection of a physical quantity by the flow to the rate of diffusion of the same...
is named after him. He was Coriolis
Gaspard-Gustave Coriolis
Gaspard-Gustave de Coriolis or Gustave Coriolis was a French mathematician, mechanical engineer and scientist. He is best known for his work on the supplementary forces that are detected in a rotating frame of reference. See the Coriolis Effect...
's brother-in-law.
He died in Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
.
Books by J.C.E. Péclet
- Traité de l'éclairage (De Malher et Cie, Paris, 1827)
- Traité élémentaire de physique. Tome premier (Hachette, Paris, 1838)
- Traité élémentaire de physique. Tome second (Hachette, Paris, 1838)
- Traité élémentaire de physique. Planches (Hachette, Paris, 1838)
- Traité de la chaleur considérée dans ses applications. (Masson, Paris, 1861, 3rd edition)
- Traité de la chaleur considérée dans ses applications. Tome premier (Masson, Paris, 1878, 4th edition)
- Traité de la chaleur considérée dans ses applications. Tome deuxième (Masson, Paris, 1878, 4th edition)
- Traité de la chaleur considérée dans ses applications. Tome troisième (Masson, Paris, 1878, 4th edition)
- Traité complet des propriétés, de la préparation et de l'emploi des matières tinctoriales by J. Ch. Leuchs with revisions by J. C. E. Péclet (De Malher et Cie, Paris, 1829)