James J. Cooke
Encyclopedia
James J. Cooke is an American
historian, author, academic and soldier.
Born in St. Mary’s Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, on August 2,1939, and baptized into the Christian Faith at Christ Lutheran Church, York Pennsylvania, a month later. He resided in Baltimore until the family moved to Brooklyn Park. In 1956, his junior year of high school, he joined the US Army Reserves. He wrote in his high school year book in 1957 that he wanted to be a “college history teacher.”His love of history began in the time he spent with his with family in York. Charles Wise, a concert violinist, served in France in World War I as an infantry soldier. His Great-Grandmother Mina Belle Wise went West to Montana to do her Christian duty to teach for a year, and returned with stories of the “ cowboys and the Indians.” His Great-Aunt Mary Utz was a strong Christian, advocating Victorian virtues. Their impact was great and long-lasting. While in York he met one Union Civil War veteran, and also an old lady who saw Pickett’s Charge at Gettysburg in 1863.
Upon graduation from Brooklyn Park High in 1957 Cooke tried his hand at various jobs, since college funds were non-existent. He then joined the US Regular Army, and after training in the United States he was assigned to the US Army General Depot at Ingrandes-sur-Vienne, France. In September 1960 he met a Miss Josephine Alexander of Vicksburg, Mississippi, who had just arrived on post as a Department of the Army Civilian (DAC) Service Club Hostess. One year later on October 6, 1961, they were married, first in the Office of the Mayor of Ingrandes (as required by French law), and then in a ceremony in the post chapel. In 1962 they returned to the United States.
Cooke entered Mississippi College, Clinton, MS, in 1962, earning a BA in 1965 and MA in 1966. He was accepted in the PhD program at the University of Georgia, and graduated in the summer of 1969. While at Georgia he studied under Professor Alf Andrew Heggoy and developed a speciality in Arab, Islamic North Africa, which was coupled with a field in Modern European History. Cooke’s dissertation Eugene Etienne and the New French Imperialism required study and research in Paris, France, made possible by a French study grant. During the last few months of his PhD studies he had several job offers and accepted the post of Assistant Professor of History at the University of Mississippi
in Oxford, where his wife had received her BA 1959.
, African Quarterly (New Delhi, India), The Indian Political Science Review, Military Affairs, and others. His first book, New French Imperialism: The Third Republic and Colonial Expansion (1973) and his second book, France, 1789 - 1962 (1975) were published in England by David and Charles Ltd. A third book was a collaborative effort, Through Foreign Eyes: Westerners View North Africa (1982). At that time Cooke, Alf Heggoy, Claude Sturgill (University of Florida) and others founded The French Colonial Historical Society.
of the Mississippi Army National Guard
, and commanded that section until he was promoted to Major and became the Executive Officer of the 2nd Battalion, 198th Armored, an M1 tank battalion.
He returned to the Headquarters of the 155th Brigade, took command of the Readiness Section and was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant Colonel. In August 1990, with Desert Shield in progress in Saudi Arabia, the Army called up every Arabic speaking officer it could find. Cooke, a lieutenant colonel with intelligence experience, was near the head of the list. He left the National Guard for a return to the Regular Army and was assigned to the G2 (Intelligence), XVIII Airborne Corps. He was posted as the Corps liaison officer for Intelligence to The Saudi Eastern Province Area Command, with authority extending to the Saudi - Kuwaiti border.
In January the XVIII Airborne Corps shifted its area of operations west. Cooke, a fluent French speaker, was assigned as the Corps liaison officer for intelligence with the French 6th Light Armoured Brigade, as part of Operation Daguet
. During Desert Storm Cooke and the division saw heavy combat, and at the end of the war they occupied the town of As Salman, Iraq. For his combat service Cooke was awarded the Bronze Star Medal
.
Prior to the Gulf War, Cooke’s scholarly work underwent a transition. While doing research in Paris on the French administration of Morocco he worked with the papers of General Henri Gouraud
, who served in Morocco and on the Western Front during World War I. The general continually referred to "his" Americans under his command during the war. This happened in spite of General John Pershing's resistance to the merging of American troops with French or British during the war. On his return, Cooke obtained the letters and papers of a soldier who served in the 168th Infantry Regiment of the famed 42nd Infantry Division, commonly known as the Rainbow Division. That division was under General Gouraud's command during the heavy fighting during the summer of 1918.
After research in Washington, numerous state archives, and at the Army War College at Carlisle, Pennsylvania, Cooke completed The Rainbow Division in the Great War, 1917 - 1919, released by Praeger in 1994. This book was followed by The U.S. Air Service in the Great War, 1917 - 1919 (1996), Pershing and His Generals: Command and Staff in the AEF (1997), and The All-Americans at War: The 82nd Division in the Great War (1999).
A year after his return from Desert Storm to the University, Cooke was invited to be a Visiting Professor of History at the U.S. Air Force’s Air War College
at Maxwell Air Force Base in Alabama. While there he began research on the founding fathers of American air power during World War I. This research led to the publication in 2002 of a biography, Billy Mitchell (Lynne Reinner Press).
At the same time Cooke came in contact with British historians who had a major scholarly interest in the Great War. This association with the British scholars, Peter Liddle
, Hugh Cecil, and Ian Whitehead, resulted in the publication of a number of co-authored books. Cooke contributed chapters to Facing Armageddon (Pen and Sword, 1996), and At the Eleventh Hour (Penn and Sword, 1998). In 2000 Cooke contributed two chapters to the two-volume The Great World War, 1914 - 1945 (HarperCollins). While working with British historians, Cooke continued a relation with the military historian David Zabecki. Cooke wrote eleven entries for Zabecki’s World War II in Europe: An Encyclopedia (Garland, 1999) and contributed a chapter entitled “James Guthrie Harbord: Pershing’s Chief of Staff” in Zabecki’s two-volume Chief of Staff (Naval Institute Press, 2008).
Continuing this growing interest in World War II, Cooke became associated withThe Second World War Experience Centre
in Horsforth, Leeds, West Yorkshire, and published five articles in the journal Everyone’s War. He maintains a close working relationship with the Centre, focusing on the building of the American archival portion.
Cooke edited a reprinting of the classic World War I memoir by Martin Hogan, The Shamrock Battalion in the Great War (1919) (University of Missouri Press, 2007). In 2009 his book, Chewing Gum, Candy Bars, and Beer: The Army PX in World War II (University of Missouri Press
) was published.
In 1995 Cooke retired from the Mississippi Army National Guard and was placed on the retired list with the rank of Brigadier General
. In 1999 he retired from the University of Mississippi. Over the years he received honors: Fellow, The Royal Historical Society
; Chevalier, Ordre des Palmes Academiques (France); and Fellow, The Second World War Experience Centre. He remains a member of the Division Daguet veterans association in France and a member of the Oxford post of the Veterans of Foreign Wars. Upon retiring from the National Guard with 34 years of service he was decorated with the Meritorious Service Medal and the Magnolia Cross of the state of Mississippi.
Gardening, scholarly research, and veterans’ affairs occupy his time. The Cookes have four grown children: Victoria Ellen Cooke, James Alexander Cooke, Josephine Estelle (Josie) Cooke, and John Harrell Cooke.
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
historian, author, academic and soldier.
Early life
Born in St. Mary’s Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, on August 2,1939, and baptized into the Christian Faith at Christ Lutheran Church, York Pennsylvania, a month later. He resided in Baltimore until the family moved to Brooklyn Park. In 1956, his junior year of high school, he joined the US Army Reserves. He wrote in his high school year book in 1957 that he wanted to be a “college history teacher.”His love of history began in the time he spent with his with family in York. Charles Wise, a concert violinist, served in France in World War I as an infantry soldier. His Great-Grandmother Mina Belle Wise went West to Montana to do her Christian duty to teach for a year, and returned with stories of the “ cowboys and the Indians.” His Great-Aunt Mary Utz was a strong Christian, advocating Victorian virtues. Their impact was great and long-lasting. While in York he met one Union Civil War veteran, and also an old lady who saw Pickett’s Charge at Gettysburg in 1863.
Upon graduation from Brooklyn Park High in 1957 Cooke tried his hand at various jobs, since college funds were non-existent. He then joined the US Regular Army, and after training in the United States he was assigned to the US Army General Depot at Ingrandes-sur-Vienne, France. In September 1960 he met a Miss Josephine Alexander of Vicksburg, Mississippi, who had just arrived on post as a Department of the Army Civilian (DAC) Service Club Hostess. One year later on October 6, 1961, they were married, first in the Office of the Mayor of Ingrandes (as required by French law), and then in a ceremony in the post chapel. In 1962 they returned to the United States.
Cooke entered Mississippi College, Clinton, MS, in 1962, earning a BA in 1965 and MA in 1966. He was accepted in the PhD program at the University of Georgia, and graduated in the summer of 1969. While at Georgia he studied under Professor Alf Andrew Heggoy and developed a speciality in Arab, Islamic North Africa, which was coupled with a field in Modern European History. Cooke’s dissertation Eugene Etienne and the New French Imperialism required study and research in Paris, France, made possible by a French study grant. During the last few months of his PhD studies he had several job offers and accepted the post of Assistant Professor of History at the University of Mississippi
University of Mississippi
The University of Mississippi, also known as Ole Miss, is a public, coeducational research university located in Oxford, Mississippi. Founded in 1844, the school is composed of the main campus in Oxford, four branch campuses located in Booneville, Grenada, Tupelo, and Southaven as well as the...
in Oxford, where his wife had received her BA 1959.
Early writing career
Being a staunch advocate for the concept that a university professor had the obligation to research and publish as well as teach, he began by having articles accepted in the journals The Muslim World, The African Studies ReviewAfrican Studies Review
The African Studies Review is a double-blind peer-reviewed academic journal publishing original research and analyses of Africa as well as book reviews. From 1958 to 1969, the journal was published under the title African Studies Bulletin ....
, African Quarterly (New Delhi, India), The Indian Political Science Review, Military Affairs, and others. His first book, New French Imperialism: The Third Republic and Colonial Expansion (1973) and his second book, France, 1789 - 1962 (1975) were published in England by David and Charles Ltd. A third book was a collaborative effort, Through Foreign Eyes: Westerners View North Africa (1982). At that time Cooke, Alf Heggoy, Claude Sturgill (University of Florida) and others founded The French Colonial Historical Society.
United States Army service
Still feeling a strong attachment to the military, Cooke sought a commission in the United States Army and was commissioned a Second Lieutenant in Military Intelligence as a Strategic Analyst. He began his officer’s service, however, as an Armored Cavalry Platoon Leader in A Troop, 108th Armored Cavalry of the Mississippi Army National Guard. He commanded B Troop of the 108th for six years. In the 1980s he joined the Intelligence Section of the 155th Armored Brigade155th Brigade Combat Team (United States)
The 155th Heavy Brigade Combat Team is a Brigade Combat Team of the Mississippi Army National Guard.-History:The 155th Heavy Brigade Combat Team takes its name from the 155th Infantry Regiment which dates back to 1798....
of the Mississippi Army National Guard
Mississippi Army National Guard
The Mississippi Army National Guard is the Army National Guard component of the Mississippi National Guard. It was originally formed in 1798. It is a component of the United States Army and the United States National Guard...
, and commanded that section until he was promoted to Major and became the Executive Officer of the 2nd Battalion, 198th Armored, an M1 tank battalion.
He returned to the Headquarters of the 155th Brigade, took command of the Readiness Section and was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant Colonel. In August 1990, with Desert Shield in progress in Saudi Arabia, the Army called up every Arabic speaking officer it could find. Cooke, a lieutenant colonel with intelligence experience, was near the head of the list. He left the National Guard for a return to the Regular Army and was assigned to the G2 (Intelligence), XVIII Airborne Corps. He was posted as the Corps liaison officer for Intelligence to The Saudi Eastern Province Area Command, with authority extending to the Saudi - Kuwaiti border.
In January the XVIII Airborne Corps shifted its area of operations west. Cooke, a fluent French speaker, was assigned as the Corps liaison officer for intelligence with the French 6th Light Armoured Brigade, as part of Operation Daguet
Opération Daguet
Opération Daguet was the codename for French operations during the 1991 Gulf War...
. During Desert Storm Cooke and the division saw heavy combat, and at the end of the war they occupied the town of As Salman, Iraq. For his combat service Cooke was awarded the Bronze Star Medal
Bronze Star Medal
The Bronze Star Medal is a United States Armed Forces individual military decoration that may be awarded for bravery, acts of merit, or meritorious service. As a medal it is awarded for merit, and with the "V" for valor device it is awarded for heroism. It is the fourth-highest combat award of the...
.
Post-service published works
After his service with the XVIIIth Airborne Corps and the Division Daguet, Cooke returned to Fort Bragg, NC, to be demobilized. Returning to the University of Mississippi, he began to write his memoirs of the Persian Gulf War, which was published by Praeger Publishing under the title of 100 Hundred Miles From Baghdad: With the French in Desert Storm (1993) This book began a long association with Praeger Publishing.Prior to the Gulf War, Cooke’s scholarly work underwent a transition. While doing research in Paris on the French administration of Morocco he worked with the papers of General Henri Gouraud
Henri Gouraud
Henri Gouraud may refer to:*Henri Gouraud *Henri Gouraud...
, who served in Morocco and on the Western Front during World War I. The general continually referred to "his" Americans under his command during the war. This happened in spite of General John Pershing's resistance to the merging of American troops with French or British during the war. On his return, Cooke obtained the letters and papers of a soldier who served in the 168th Infantry Regiment of the famed 42nd Infantry Division, commonly known as the Rainbow Division. That division was under General Gouraud's command during the heavy fighting during the summer of 1918.
After research in Washington, numerous state archives, and at the Army War College at Carlisle, Pennsylvania, Cooke completed The Rainbow Division in the Great War, 1917 - 1919, released by Praeger in 1994. This book was followed by The U.S. Air Service in the Great War, 1917 - 1919 (1996), Pershing and His Generals: Command and Staff in the AEF (1997), and The All-Americans at War: The 82nd Division in the Great War (1999).
A year after his return from Desert Storm to the University, Cooke was invited to be a Visiting Professor of History at the U.S. Air Force’s Air War College
Air War College
The Air War College is a part of the United States Air Force's Air University, headquartered at Maxwell Air Force Base in Montgomery, Alabama. Air University's higher headquarters is Air Education and Training Command headquartered at Randolph Air Force Base, San Antonio, Texas. The Air War...
at Maxwell Air Force Base in Alabama. While there he began research on the founding fathers of American air power during World War I. This research led to the publication in 2002 of a biography, Billy Mitchell (Lynne Reinner Press).
At the same time Cooke came in contact with British historians who had a major scholarly interest in the Great War. This association with the British scholars, Peter Liddle
Peter Liddle
Dr. Peter Liddle, F.R.Hist.S. is a historian and author specialising in the study of the First and Second World Wars.While teaching and lecturing during the 1960s, Liddle began collecting historical memorabilia in order to bring history to life for students. He founded the Liddle Collection which...
, Hugh Cecil, and Ian Whitehead, resulted in the publication of a number of co-authored books. Cooke contributed chapters to Facing Armageddon (Pen and Sword, 1996), and At the Eleventh Hour (Penn and Sword, 1998). In 2000 Cooke contributed two chapters to the two-volume The Great World War, 1914 - 1945 (HarperCollins). While working with British historians, Cooke continued a relation with the military historian David Zabecki. Cooke wrote eleven entries for Zabecki’s World War II in Europe: An Encyclopedia (Garland, 1999) and contributed a chapter entitled “James Guthrie Harbord: Pershing’s Chief of Staff” in Zabecki’s two-volume Chief of Staff (Naval Institute Press, 2008).
Continuing this growing interest in World War II, Cooke became associated withThe Second World War Experience Centre
The Second World War Experience Centre
The Second World War Experience Centre based in Horsforth, West Yorkshire, England, which is near Leeds, is a registered charity and museum/archive which was set up in 1998 to preserve personal memories of the Second World War before they are lost forever...
in Horsforth, Leeds, West Yorkshire, and published five articles in the journal Everyone’s War. He maintains a close working relationship with the Centre, focusing on the building of the American archival portion.
Cooke edited a reprinting of the classic World War I memoir by Martin Hogan, The Shamrock Battalion in the Great War (1919) (University of Missouri Press, 2007). In 2009 his book, Chewing Gum, Candy Bars, and Beer: The Army PX in World War II (University of Missouri Press
University of Missouri Press
The University of Missouri Press is a university press founded in 1958 at the University of Missouri in Columbia, Missouri.-External links:*...
) was published.
In 1995 Cooke retired from the Mississippi Army National Guard and was placed on the retired list with the rank of Brigadier General
Brigadier General
Brigadier general is a senior rank in the armed forces. It is the lowest ranking general officer in some countries, usually sitting between the ranks of colonel and major general. When appointed to a field command, a brigadier general is typically in command of a brigade consisting of around 4,000...
. In 1999 he retired from the University of Mississippi. Over the years he received honors: Fellow, The Royal Historical Society
Royal Historical Society
The Royal Historical Society was founded in 1868. The premier society in the United Kingdom which promotes and defends the scholarly study of the past, it is based at University College London...
; Chevalier, Ordre des Palmes Academiques (France); and Fellow, The Second World War Experience Centre. He remains a member of the Division Daguet veterans association in France and a member of the Oxford post of the Veterans of Foreign Wars. Upon retiring from the National Guard with 34 years of service he was decorated with the Meritorious Service Medal and the Magnolia Cross of the state of Mississippi.
Gardening, scholarly research, and veterans’ affairs occupy his time. The Cookes have four grown children: Victoria Ellen Cooke, James Alexander Cooke, Josephine Estelle (Josie) Cooke, and John Harrell Cooke.