Ivšic's law
Encyclopedia
Ivšić's law is a Common Slavic accent law named after Croatia
n accentologist Stjepan Ivšić
.
According to the law, the accent was retracted from the word-final yers onto the preceding syllable. That syllable gained rising accent ("Slavic neoacute"). Compare:
In conservative Croatian dialects of Čakavian and partly Štokavian (e.g. Slavonian) this neoacute is preserved as special tone in long syllable, and is marked with a tilde.
Retraction also occurred if Proto-Slavic accent (but not acute) was carried by a secondarily lengthened syllable, e.g. on verbs in *-iti. Compare:
Also, Ivšić's law explains the acute on nouns such as sũša (Slavonian Štokavian speeches), vȍlja (with shortened neoacute).
Borrowings from other languages show that Ivšić's law operated after Dybo's law
. Compare:
Standard Štokavian Croatian has merged the reflex of neoacute with the reflex of Proto-Slavic circumflex, i.e. the long falling accent (cf. standard Croatian krȃlj), but the neoacute has still been preserved as a distinct prosodical feature in Čakavian and Old Štokavian (e.g. Posavian) speeches.
Croatia
Croatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a unitary democratic parliamentary republic in Europe at the crossroads of the Mitteleuropa, the Balkans, and the Mediterranean. Its capital and largest city is Zagreb. The country is divided into 20 counties and the city of Zagreb. Croatia covers ...
n accentologist Stjepan Ivšić
Stjepan Ivšic
Stjepan Ivšić , Croatian linguist, Slavist and accentologist.After finishing primary school in Orahovica, he attended secondary school in Osijek and Požega. At the Faculty of Philosophy at the University of Zagreb he studied Croatian and classical philology, and later specialized at the...
.
According to the law, the accent was retracted from the word-final yers onto the preceding syllable. That syllable gained rising accent ("Slavic neoacute"). Compare:
- PSl. *pirstù > Common Slavic *pьrstъ̀ > *pь́rstъ (Čakavian pr̃st, Russian pérst, NNominative caseThe nominative case is one of the grammatical cases of a noun or other part of speech, which generally marks the subject of a verb or the predicate noun or predicate adjective, as opposed to its object or other verb arguments...
plGrammatical numberIn linguistics, grammatical number is a grammatical category of nouns, pronouns, and adjective and verb agreement that expresses count distinctions ....
perstí)
In conservative Croatian dialects of Čakavian and partly Štokavian (e.g. Slavonian) this neoacute is preserved as special tone in long syllable, and is marked with a tilde.
Retraction also occurred if Proto-Slavic accent (but not acute) was carried by a secondarily lengthened syllable, e.g. on verbs in *-iti. Compare:
- PSl. *maltèj > Common Slavic *moltì > (Ivšić's law) *mol̃ti > Russian molótit, Čakavian mlãti
Also, Ivšić's law explains the acute on nouns such as sũša (Slavonian Štokavian speeches), vȍlja (with shortened neoacute).
Borrowings from other languages show that Ivšić's law operated after Dybo's law
Dybo's law
Dybo's law, or Dybo-Illič-Svityč's law, is a Common Slavic accent law named after Russian accentologists Vladimir Dybo and Vladislav Illich-Svitych....
. Compare:
- PSl. *kàrlu 'king' (originally the name of CharlemagneCharlemagneCharlemagne was King of the Franks from 768 and Emperor of the Romans from 800 to his death in 814. He expanded the Frankish kingdom into an empire that incorporated much of Western and Central Europe. During his reign, he conquered Italy and was crowned by Pope Leo III on 25 December 800...
) > (Dybo's law) *karlù > (Ivšić's law) *kãrlu > Čakavian Croatian krãlj.
Standard Štokavian Croatian has merged the reflex of neoacute with the reflex of Proto-Slavic circumflex, i.e. the long falling accent (cf. standard Croatian krȃlj), but the neoacute has still been preserved as a distinct prosodical feature in Čakavian and Old Štokavian (e.g. Posavian) speeches.