Ignatius K. Musaazi
Encyclopedia
Ignatius Kangave Musaazi (1905–1990) formed the first political party in Uganda, namely the Uganda National Congress (UNC) party on Sunday 2 March 1952. Musaazi became its first President, and Abubaker Kakyama Mayanja was the party's first Secretary General. Other key figures of the UNC included Apollo K. Kironde [1] who was the legal advisor to the party.
Towards the end of 1951 Ignatius Musaazi rented part of the ground floor at Musajjalumbwa’s house, a house on what is now known as Musajjalumbwa Road near the Lubiri (palace) in Mengo. The house belonged to the late Yakobo Musajjalumbwa, a former Treasurer (Omuwanika) of the Buganda kingdom. The house become a centre of political activity which in1952 witnessed the birth of the Uganda National Congress.
I.K. Musaazi is a national hero (1990) of the republic of Uganda in East Africa, and is buried at Kololo heroes ground, part of Kampala, the capital city of Uganda. He participated in the Buganda riots of 1945 and 1949[2][3] which resulted in the burning down of houses belonging to pro-government (British Colonial Government) Baganda chiefs.[4] Buganda is part of Uganda and its people are called Baganda; they speak Luganda.
Briefly the background to the Buganda riots is that the rioters demanded : (1) the right to bypass the price controls on the export sales of cotton imposed by the British colonial government, (2) Removal of the local Asian monopoly over cotton ginning – the Asians in Uganda were deemed to have an unfair advantage by having exclusive rights over cotton ginning, (3) The right to have their own representatives in local government and thus replace the chiefs appointed by the British Colonial Government.
Musaazi was viewed by the British Colonial Administration as being behind the riots. The British Governor at the time, Sir John Hathorn Hall(Governor 1945 – 1952), regarded the riots as the work of communists. He refused to give way on the rioter’s demands.
Musaazi had formed the Uganda African Famers Union in 1947 and the Union was blamed for the 1949 riots. The Union was banned as a result. Many supporters went into hiding. Musaazi himself was no stranger to prison as the colonial establishment tried to stop his efforts to bring about change in favour of the African farmers and Ugandans in general.
Musaazi formed the Federation of Partnerships of Uganda African Farmers(FPUAF) union following the banning of the Uganda African Farmers Union. He gave up his job as a teacher at the department of education, Makerere University College, in order to help African farmers oppose the prevailing unfairness in trade, especially for cotton.
I.K. Musaazi went to London in 1950 and lobbied the British Parliament for support of the FPUAF and its aspirations. Among many in the British Parliament who supported him was Fenner Brockway, a British Labour Party Member of Parliament (MP), and many intellectuals, particularly from the London School of Economics(LSE), who were sympathetic and supportive. While in London, Musaazi had the opportunity to speak to LSE students; among them was an American, George W. Shepherd, who was completing a PhD in Political Science. George Shepherd accepted Musaazi’s invitation to provide technical help for the FPUAF. The main aim was to fight the agricultural policies in Uganda which greatly disadvantaged Africans in favour of Asians and Europeans.[5]
George W. Shepherd arrived in Uganda in 1951 when he was only 25 years old. His presence in Uganda was unwelcome by the British colonial government. Although Musaazi was already perceived as a trouble maker by the colonial government, George Shepherd and his FPUAF colleagues managed to succeed on several fronts, namely (a) they reorganised the accounting books of the FPUAF, (b) the FPUAF by-laws were redrafted, (c) transport issues affecting the FPUAF were sorted out. Significantly Shepherd and his FPUAF colleagues drew up a strategy to address the unfair agricultural policies. Shepherd's approach to racial reconciliation is perhaps one of the most significant contributions he made for Musaazi and his Federation of Partnerships of Uganda African Famers (FPUAF) union, and indeed Uganda as a whole. Shepherd was in Uganda for only two years but he left a significant mark on the political landscape of the country.
The arrival of the colonial governor Sir Andrew Benjamin Cohen, in January 1952, provided for a more progressive climate in colonial Uganda. He constituted a commission to look into the farmer’s demands and conceded to most of them. Prior to the arrival of Sir Cohen much needed to be achieved for Ugandans and up to that point matters tended to progress very slowly. For example it was not until 23 October 1945 that the new Governor, Sir John Hall, approved the nomination of 3 Africans as members of LEGCO - the Legislative Council, in effect the Parliament of that colonial period, which up to then was dominated by Europeans. The three African representatives who joined LEGCO were sworn in on 4 December 1945. They were: Michael Ernest Kawalya Kaggwa (Katikiro, i.e. Prime Minister of Buganda), Petero Nyangabyaki (Katikiro of Bunyoro), and Yekonia Zirabamuzale (Secretary General of Busoga).[6]
With the success of having most of the farmer’s demands accepted by Sir Andrew Cohen, Ignatius Kangave Musaazi and Abubaker Kakyama Mayanja formed the UNC party on Sunday 2 March 1952. The party was a forum for political change in Uganda.
The UNC party split up later into factions but the groundwork for Uganda’s independence was laid by the UNC and its founder, Ignatius Kangave Musaazi, who died in 1990.
President Yoweri Kaguta Museveni, the current President of the republic of Uganda is patron of the I.K. Musaazi Memorial Foundation; he was present and also delivered a speech about Musaazi, when Professor George W. Shepherd delivered the first annual I.K. Musaazi memorial lecture at the Kampala Sheraton Hotel on Friday 28 September 2007.[7]
Musaazi formed the Federation of Partnerships of Uganda African Farmers(FPUAF) union following the banning of the Uganda African Farmers Union. He gave up his job as a teacher at the department of education, Makerere University College, in order to help farmers oppose the prevailing unfairness in trade, especially for cotton. I.K. Musaazi went to London in 1950 and lobbied the British Parliament for support of the FPUAF and its aspirations. Among many in the British Parliament who supported him was Fenner Brockway, a British Labour Party Member of Parliament (MP), and many intellectuals, particularly from the London School of Economics(LSE), who were sympathetic and supportive.
Musaazi had the opportunity to speak to LSE students; among them was an American, George W. Shepherd, who was completing a PhD in Political Science. George Shepherd accepted Musaazi’s invitation to provide technical help for his FPUAF. The main aim was to fight the agricultural policies in Uganda which greatly disadvantaged Africans.
With the success of having most of the farmers demands accepted by Sir Andrew Cohen, Ignatius Kangave Musaazi and Abubaker Kakyama Mayanja formed the party on Sunday 2 March 1952. The party was a forum for political change in Uganda. The UNC party split up later into factions but the groundwork for Uganda’s independence was laid by the UNC and its founder, Ignatius Kangave Musaazi, who died in 1990.
President Yoweri Kaguta Museveni, the current President of the republic of Uganda is patron of the I.K. Musaazi Memorial Foundation; he was present and also delivered a speech about Musaazi, when Professor George W. Shepherd delivered the first annual I.K. Musaazi memorial lecture at the Kampala Sheraton Hotel on Friday, 28 September 2007.
Towards the end of 1951 Ignatius Musaazi rented part of the ground floor at Musajjalumbwa’s house, a house on what is now known as Musajjalumbwa Road near the Lubiri (palace) in Mengo. The house belonged to the late Yakobo Musajjalumbwa, a former Treasurer (Omuwanika) of the Buganda kingdom. The house become a centre of political activity which in1952 witnessed the birth of the Uganda National Congress.
I.K. Musaazi is a national hero (1990) of the republic of Uganda in East Africa, and is buried at Kololo heroes ground, part of Kampala, the capital city of Uganda. He participated in the Buganda riots of 1945 and 1949[2][3] which resulted in the burning down of houses belonging to pro-government (British Colonial Government) Baganda chiefs.[4] Buganda is part of Uganda and its people are called Baganda; they speak Luganda.
Briefly the background to the Buganda riots is that the rioters demanded : (1) the right to bypass the price controls on the export sales of cotton imposed by the British colonial government, (2) Removal of the local Asian monopoly over cotton ginning – the Asians in Uganda were deemed to have an unfair advantage by having exclusive rights over cotton ginning, (3) The right to have their own representatives in local government and thus replace the chiefs appointed by the British Colonial Government.
Musaazi was viewed by the British Colonial Administration as being behind the riots. The British Governor at the time, Sir John Hathorn Hall(Governor 1945 – 1952), regarded the riots as the work of communists. He refused to give way on the rioter’s demands.
Musaazi had formed the Uganda African Famers Union in 1947 and the Union was blamed for the 1949 riots. The Union was banned as a result. Many supporters went into hiding. Musaazi himself was no stranger to prison as the colonial establishment tried to stop his efforts to bring about change in favour of the African farmers and Ugandans in general.
Musaazi formed the Federation of Partnerships of Uganda African Farmers(FPUAF) union following the banning of the Uganda African Farmers Union. He gave up his job as a teacher at the department of education, Makerere University College, in order to help African farmers oppose the prevailing unfairness in trade, especially for cotton.
I.K. Musaazi went to London in 1950 and lobbied the British Parliament for support of the FPUAF and its aspirations. Among many in the British Parliament who supported him was Fenner Brockway, a British Labour Party Member of Parliament (MP), and many intellectuals, particularly from the London School of Economics(LSE), who were sympathetic and supportive. While in London, Musaazi had the opportunity to speak to LSE students; among them was an American, George W. Shepherd, who was completing a PhD in Political Science. George Shepherd accepted Musaazi’s invitation to provide technical help for the FPUAF. The main aim was to fight the agricultural policies in Uganda which greatly disadvantaged Africans in favour of Asians and Europeans.[5]
George W. Shepherd arrived in Uganda in 1951 when he was only 25 years old. His presence in Uganda was unwelcome by the British colonial government. Although Musaazi was already perceived as a trouble maker by the colonial government, George Shepherd and his FPUAF colleagues managed to succeed on several fronts, namely (a) they reorganised the accounting books of the FPUAF, (b) the FPUAF by-laws were redrafted, (c) transport issues affecting the FPUAF were sorted out. Significantly Shepherd and his FPUAF colleagues drew up a strategy to address the unfair agricultural policies. Shepherd's approach to racial reconciliation is perhaps one of the most significant contributions he made for Musaazi and his Federation of Partnerships of Uganda African Famers (FPUAF) union, and indeed Uganda as a whole. Shepherd was in Uganda for only two years but he left a significant mark on the political landscape of the country.
The arrival of the colonial governor Sir Andrew Benjamin Cohen, in January 1952, provided for a more progressive climate in colonial Uganda. He constituted a commission to look into the farmer’s demands and conceded to most of them. Prior to the arrival of Sir Cohen much needed to be achieved for Ugandans and up to that point matters tended to progress very slowly. For example it was not until 23 October 1945 that the new Governor, Sir John Hall, approved the nomination of 3 Africans as members of LEGCO - the Legislative Council, in effect the Parliament of that colonial period, which up to then was dominated by Europeans. The three African representatives who joined LEGCO were sworn in on 4 December 1945. They were: Michael Ernest Kawalya Kaggwa (Katikiro, i.e. Prime Minister of Buganda), Petero Nyangabyaki (Katikiro of Bunyoro), and Yekonia Zirabamuzale (Secretary General of Busoga).[6]
With the success of having most of the farmer’s demands accepted by Sir Andrew Cohen, Ignatius Kangave Musaazi and Abubaker Kakyama Mayanja formed the UNC party on Sunday 2 March 1952. The party was a forum for political change in Uganda.
The UNC party split up later into factions but the groundwork for Uganda’s independence was laid by the UNC and its founder, Ignatius Kangave Musaazi, who died in 1990.
President Yoweri Kaguta Museveni, the current President of the republic of Uganda is patron of the I.K. Musaazi Memorial Foundation; he was present and also delivered a speech about Musaazi, when Professor George W. Shepherd delivered the first annual I.K. Musaazi memorial lecture at the Kampala Sheraton Hotel on Friday 28 September 2007.[7]
Musaazi formed the Federation of Partnerships of Uganda African Farmers(FPUAF) union following the banning of the Uganda African Farmers Union. He gave up his job as a teacher at the department of education, Makerere University College, in order to help farmers oppose the prevailing unfairness in trade, especially for cotton. I.K. Musaazi went to London in 1950 and lobbied the British Parliament for support of the FPUAF and its aspirations. Among many in the British Parliament who supported him was Fenner Brockway, a British Labour Party Member of Parliament (MP), and many intellectuals, particularly from the London School of Economics(LSE), who were sympathetic and supportive.
Musaazi had the opportunity to speak to LSE students; among them was an American, George W. Shepherd, who was completing a PhD in Political Science. George Shepherd accepted Musaazi’s invitation to provide technical help for his FPUAF. The main aim was to fight the agricultural policies in Uganda which greatly disadvantaged Africans.
With the success of having most of the farmers demands accepted by Sir Andrew Cohen, Ignatius Kangave Musaazi and Abubaker Kakyama Mayanja formed the party on Sunday 2 March 1952. The party was a forum for political change in Uganda. The UNC party split up later into factions but the groundwork for Uganda’s independence was laid by the UNC and its founder, Ignatius Kangave Musaazi, who died in 1990.
President Yoweri Kaguta Museveni, the current President of the republic of Uganda is patron of the I.K. Musaazi Memorial Foundation; he was present and also delivered a speech about Musaazi, when Professor George W. Shepherd delivered the first annual I.K. Musaazi memorial lecture at the Kampala Sheraton Hotel on Friday, 28 September 2007.