Hornbæk
Encyclopedia
Hornbæk is a seaside resort
town on the north coast of the Danish
island of Zealand, facing the Øresund which separates Denmark from Sweden
. It is part of Helsingør Municipality
and is located 12 km north-west of Elsinore, and is mainly known for its mundane holiday homes and broad sandy beaches.
As of 2011, Hornbæk proper has a population of 3,503 but since 2010 it has grown together with neighbouring Dronningmølle in Gribskov Municipality
, forming an urban area with a combined population of 5,205.
of the sandy soils.
In the late 18th century, it was common practice for people from Copenhagen
to spend their summers in the countryside north of the city and a number of artists began lodging in Hornbæk, either in the local inns or privately. Among these were Peder Severin Krøyer
, Holger Drachmann
and Carl Locher
before they moved on to Skagen
and formed the Skagen colony
. Kristian Zahrtmann
, another prominent Danish painter of the time, also spend time in Hornbæk.
Gradually an industry of boarding houses and seaside hotels emerged and many summer residents bought land and built houses.
August Strindberg
and Harriet Bosse
visited Hornbæk in 1901 on a dramatic trip, a substitute for their honeymoon which Strindberg called off at the last moment. She went to Hornbæk alone and he later followed but they left after he attacked a photographer who wanted to take a picture of Bosse in her bathing costume.
When the Hornbæk Railway
was inaugurated on 22 May 1906, the town was invaded by tourists. Bathing jetties and bathing huts were common along the coast.
by Hornbæk Tailway
.
Seaside resort
A seaside resort is a resort, or resort town, located on the coast. Where a beach is the primary focus for tourists, it may be called a beach resort.- Overview :...
town on the north coast of the Danish
Denmark
Denmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. The countries of Denmark and Greenland, as well as the Faroe Islands, constitute the Kingdom of Denmark . It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark...
island of Zealand, facing the Øresund which separates Denmark from Sweden
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
. It is part of Helsingør Municipality
Helsingør municipality
Helsingør Kommune , is a municipality in Region Hovedstaden on the northeast coast of the island of Zealand in eastern Denmark. The municipality covers an area of 122 km², and has a total population of 60,844...
and is located 12 km north-west of Elsinore, and is mainly known for its mundane holiday homes and broad sandy beaches.
As of 2011, Hornbæk proper has a population of 3,503 but since 2010 it has grown together with neighbouring Dronningmølle in Gribskov Municipality
Gribskov municipality
Gribskov Kommune is a municipality in Region Hovedstaden . The municipality covers an area of 278 km², and has a total population of 40,512 ....
, forming an urban area with a combined population of 5,205.
History
Hornbæk was originally a small fishing village around a natural harbour. In 1706, as the first of a number of Danish reforestation initiatives, the Hornbæk Plantage was planted east of the village to prevent entrainmentEntrainment (physical geography)
In physical geography, entrainment is the process by which surface sediment is incorporated into a fluid flow as part of the operation of erosion....
of the sandy soils.
In the late 18th century, it was common practice for people from Copenhagen
Copenhagen
Copenhagen is the capital and largest city of Denmark, with an urban population of 1,199,224 and a metropolitan population of 1,930,260 . With the completion of the transnational Øresund Bridge in 2000, Copenhagen has become the centre of the increasingly integrating Øresund Region...
to spend their summers in the countryside north of the city and a number of artists began lodging in Hornbæk, either in the local inns or privately. Among these were Peder Severin Krøyer
Peder Severin Krøyer
Peder Severin Krøyer , known as P.S. Krøyer, was a Norwegian-Danish painter. He is one of the best known and beloved, and undeniably the most colorful of the Skagen Painters, a community of Danish and Nordic artists who lived, gathered or worked in Skagen, Denmark, especially during the final...
, Holger Drachmann
Holger Drachmann
Holger Henrik Herholdt Drachmann , was a Danish poet and dramatist. He is an outstanding figure of the Modern Break-Through....
and Carl Locher
Carl Locher
Carl Locher was a Danish realist painter who from an early age became a member of the Skagen group of painters.-Biography:...
before they moved on to Skagen
Skagen
Skagen is a projection of land and a town, with a population of 8,515 , in Region Nordjylland on the northernmost tip of Vendsyssel-Thy, a part of the Jutland peninsula in northern Denmark...
and formed the Skagen colony
Skagen Painters
The Skagen Painters were a group of Scandinavian artists who gathered in the area of Skagen, the northernmost part of Denmark, from the late 1870s until the turn of the century...
. Kristian Zahrtmann
Kristian Zahrtmann
Peder Henrik Kristian Zahrtmann, known as Kristian Zahrtmann, was a Danish painter. He was a part of the Danish artistic generation in the late 19th century, along with Peder Severin Krøyer and Theodor Esbern Philipsen, who broke away from both the strictures of traditional Academicism and the...
, another prominent Danish painter of the time, also spend time in Hornbæk.
Gradually an industry of boarding houses and seaside hotels emerged and many summer residents bought land and built houses.
August Strindberg
August Strindberg
Johan August Strindberg was a Swedish playwright, novelist, poet, essayist and painter. A prolific writer who often drew directly on his personal experience, Strindberg's career spanned four decades, during which time he wrote over 60 plays and more than 30 works of fiction, autobiography,...
and Harriet Bosse
Harriet Bosse
Harriet Sofie Bosse was a Swedish–Norwegian actress. A celebrity in her own day, Bosse is today most commonly remembered as the third wife of August Strindberg, an influential playwright. Bosse began her career in a minor company run by her forceful older sister Alma Fahlstrøm in Kristiania...
visited Hornbæk in 1901 on a dramatic trip, a substitute for their honeymoon which Strindberg called off at the last moment. She went to Hornbæk alone and he later followed but they left after he attacked a photographer who wanted to take a picture of Bosse in her bathing costume.
When the Hornbæk Railway
Hornbækbanen
Hornbækbanen is a local passenger railway north of Copenhagen in Denmark, part of the Lokalbanen system. It runs along the coast of Øresund between Helsingør and Gilleleje, through an area with many holiday homes. The name Hornbækbanen refers to the town Hornbæk about halfway between Helsingør and...
was inaugurated on 22 May 1906, the town was invaded by tourists. Bathing jetties and bathing huts were common along the coast.
Transport
Hornbæk is connected to Helsingør and GillelejeGilleleje
Gilleleje is, with a population of 6,491 , one of the main towns of the Gribskov municipality in Region Hovedstaden in Denmark. The town is at the northernmost point of Sjælland in Denmark.-Etymology:...
by Hornbæk Tailway
Hornbækbanen
Hornbækbanen is a local passenger railway north of Copenhagen in Denmark, part of the Lokalbanen system. It runs along the coast of Øresund between Helsingør and Gilleleje, through an area with many holiday homes. The name Hornbækbanen refers to the town Hornbæk about halfway between Helsingør and...
.