Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia
Encyclopedia
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Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia is a large comprehensive encyclopedia of animal life. It is named after its original editor in chief, Bernhard Grzimek
(ˈɡʒɪmɛk).
Originally the encyclopedia was published as a 13-volume set in German
under the name Grzimeks Tierleben (Grzimek's Animal Life) in 1967-1972; it was translated into English
in 1972-75. The encyclopedia was an international collaboration by a large number of scientists including Theodor Haltenorth
, Wolfgang Gewalt
, Heinz-Georg Klös, Konrad Lorenz
, Heinz Heck
, Lutz Heck
, Jean Dorst
, Constantine Walter Benson
, Irenäus Eibl-Eibesfeldt
, Helmut Sick
, Heini Hediger
, Wolfgang Makatsch
, Erich Thenius, Erna Mohr, Adolf Portmann
, Nagamichi Kuroda
, Lester L. Short
, Gerlof Fokko Mees
, and Andrew John Berger
. It was later extensively updated and republished in a 17-volume second edition under the supervision of Michael Hutchins in 2003. Some university libraries offer access to a digitized version of the second edition. The German edition also published three supplementary volumes: Entwicklungsgeschichte der Lebewesen (History of Life), Verhaltensforschung (Behavioural Research) and Unsere Umwelt als Lebensraum - Ökologie (Our Environment as Living Space - Ecology).
Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia is a large comprehensive encyclopedia of animal life. It is named after its original editor in chief, Bernhard Grzimek
Bernhard Grzimek
Bernhard Klemens Maria Grzimek was a renowned Silesian-German zoo director, zoologist, book author, editor, and animal conservationist in postwar West-Germany.-Early years:Grzimek was born in Neisse , Upper Silesia...
(ˈɡʒɪmɛk).
Originally the encyclopedia was published as a 13-volume set in German
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
under the name Grzimeks Tierleben (Grzimek's Animal Life) in 1967-1972; it was translated into English
English language
English is a West Germanic language that arose in the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England and spread into what was to become south-east Scotland under the influence of the Anglian medieval kingdom of Northumbria...
in 1972-75. The encyclopedia was an international collaboration by a large number of scientists including Theodor Haltenorth
Theodor Haltenorth
Dr. Theodor Haltenorth was a German mammalogist. He worked mainly in Munich, Bavaria, Germany, and was a key figure in the Quagga Project. He also taxonomised the Cretan wildcat in 1953....
, Wolfgang Gewalt
Wolfgang Gewalt
Wolfgang Gewalt was a German zoologist, author and former director of the Duisburg Zoo.-Biography:After the study of zoology, botany, chemistry and anthropology, his main focus was research of the Great Bustard. He recorded his observations in the breeding grounds and his experience with hand...
, Heinz-Georg Klös, Konrad Lorenz
Konrad Lorenz
Konrad Zacharias Lorenz was an Austrian zoologist, ethologist, and ornithologist. He shared the 1973 Nobel Prize with Nikolaas Tinbergen and Karl von Frisch...
, Heinz Heck
Heinz Heck
Heinz Heck was a German biologist and director of zoo in Munich . Heck worked on the breeding back projects of the Heck Horse, which strove to recreate the Tarpan , and the Heck Cattle, which was to recreate the aurochs, both of which...
, Lutz Heck
Lutz Heck
Ludwig George Heinrich Heck, called Lutz Heck was a German zoologist, animal researcher, an animal book author and director of the large zoo in the German capital city .Together with his brother Heinz Heck, also a zoologist and director of the largest zoological garden in southern...
, Jean Dorst
Jean Dorst
Professor Dr Jean Dorst was a French ornithologist.Dorst was born at Mulhouse and studied biology and paleontology at the Faculty of Sciences of the University of Paris. In 1947 he joined the staff of the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle...
, Constantine Walter Benson
Constantine Walter Benson
Constantine Walter Benson OBE was a British ornithologist. He is considered the last of a line of British Colonial officials who made significant contributions to ornithology.-Education and career:...
, Irenäus Eibl-Eibesfeldt
Irenäus Eibl-Eibesfeldt
Irenäus Eibl-Eibesfeldt is founder of the field of human ethology. In authoring the book which bears that title, he applied ethology to humans by studying them in a perspective more common to volumes studying animal behavior....
, Helmut Sick
Helmut Sick
Helmut Sick , was a German-Brazilian ornithologist.A prominent ornithologist in Brazil, Sick published more than 200 papers, including his most influential work: Ornitologia Brasileira, Uma Introdução , later translated into English as Birds in Brazil: A Natural History...
, Heini Hediger
Heini Hediger
Heini Hediger was a Swiss zoologist noted for work in proxemics in animal behavior and is known as the "father of zoo biology". Hediger was formerly the director of Tierpark Dählhölzli , Zoo Basel and Zürich Zoo ....
, Wolfgang Makatsch
Wolfgang Makatsch
Wolfgang Makatsch was a German ornithologist and oologist. He wrote numerous books about birds and bird identification.Many of his works were translated into other languages and he contributed to Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia.-Life and work:Makatsch was a staff member at both the Heligoland...
, Erich Thenius, Erna Mohr, Adolf Portmann
Adolf Portmann
Adolf Portmann was a zoologist.Born in Basel, Switzerland, he studied zoology at the University of Basel and worked later in Geneva, Munich, Paris and Berlin, but mainly in marine biology laboratories in France and Helgoland.In 1931 he became professor of zoology in Basel...
, Nagamichi Kuroda
Nagamichi Kuroda
was a Japanese ornithologist. His works included Birds of the Island of Java and Parrots of the World in Life Colours . He described the Crested Shelduck in 1917....
, Lester L. Short
Lester L. Short
Lester Leroy Short is an American ornithologist. His main research field is the order Piciformes.-Biography:Short was born in Port Chester, New York. In 1955 he graduated to Bachelor of Science at the Cornell University...
, Gerlof Fokko Mees
Gerlof Fokko Mees
Dr Gerlof Fokko Mees is a Dutch ichthyologist, ornithologist and museum curator who was born in the Netherlands, grew up in the Dutch East Indies, and spent much of his life working in Australasia...
, and Andrew John Berger
Andrew John Berger
Andrew John Berger was an American ornithologist from the American Museum of Natural History.Berger was born in Warren, Ohio. In 1939 he graduated from Oberlin College. After doing fieldwork in game management from 1940 to 1941, he married Edith Grace Denniston in 1942. The couple had two...
. It was later extensively updated and republished in a 17-volume second edition under the supervision of Michael Hutchins in 2003. Some university libraries offer access to a digitized version of the second edition. The German edition also published three supplementary volumes: Entwicklungsgeschichte der Lebewesen (History of Life), Verhaltensforschung (Behavioural Research) and Unsere Umwelt als Lebensraum - Ökologie (Our Environment as Living Space - Ecology).
Online portal
In Fall 2009, Gale Cengage released a web-based version of the encyclopedia, with access to the web site by subscription. The site allows users to rate articles and to submit videos and photography.Volumes
- Volume 1: Lower Metazoans and Lesser DeuterostomeDeuterostomeDeuterostomes are a superphylum of animals. They are a subtaxon of the Bilateria branch of the subregnum Eumetazoa, and are opposed to the protostomes...
s - Volume 2: ProtostomeProtostomeProtostomia are a clade of animals. Together with the deuterostomes and a few smaller phyla, they make up the Bilateria, mostly comprising animals with bilateral symmetry and three germ layers...
s - Volume 3: InsectInsectInsects are a class of living creatures within the arthropods that have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body , three pairs of jointed legs, compound eyes, and two antennae...
s - Volume 4-5: FishFishFish are a paraphyletic group of organisms that consist of all gill-bearing aquatic vertebrate animals that lack limbs with digits. Included in this definition are the living hagfish, lampreys, and cartilaginous and bony fish, as well as various extinct related groups...
- Volume 6: AmphibianAmphibianAmphibians , are a class of vertebrate animals including animals such as toads, frogs, caecilians, and salamanders. They are characterized as non-amniote ectothermic tetrapods...
s - Volume 7: ReptileReptileReptiles are members of a class of air-breathing, ectothermic vertebrates which are characterized by laying shelled eggs , and having skin covered in scales and/or scutes. They are tetrapods, either having four limbs or being descended from four-limbed ancestors...
s - Volume 8-11: BirdBirdBirds are feathered, winged, bipedal, endothermic , egg-laying, vertebrate animals. Around 10,000 living species and 188 families makes them the most speciose class of tetrapod vertebrates. They inhabit ecosystems across the globe, from the Arctic to the Antarctic. Extant birds range in size from...
s - Volume 12-16: MammalMammalMammals are members of a class of air-breathing vertebrate animals characterised by the possession of endothermy, hair, three middle ear bones, and mammary glands functional in mothers with young...
s - Volume 17: Index
External links
- Compilation of Reviews
- Grzimek's Animal Life - Promotional page for Grzimek's Animal Life Online Portal