Gearóid Mac Eoin
Encyclopedia
Gearóid Mac Eoin is an Irish
Irish people
The Irish people are an ethnic group who originate in Ireland, an island in northwestern Europe. Ireland has been populated for around 9,000 years , with the Irish people's earliest ancestors recorded having legends of being descended from groups such as the Nemedians, Fomorians, Fir Bolg, Tuatha...

 academic whose studies have focused especially on aspects of Irish language, literature and history.

Background and education

Mac Eoin was educated in Limerick and New Ross
New Ross
New Ross is a town located in southwest County Wexford, in the southeast of Ireland. In 2006 it had a population of 7,709 people, making it the third largest town in the county after Wexford and Enniscorthy.-History:...

 (Co. Wexford), where he attended St Augustine's and Good Counsel College, New Ross
St Augustine's and Good Counsel College, New Ross
St Augustine's and Good Counsel College,' New Ross, known exclusively as "Good Counsel College" or 'The Counsel' by its students and residents of the local area, is an all-boys secondary school in Ireland which caters for over 850 students. It was founded and is now conducted by the Irish...

. In 1947 he went to University College, Galway, on scholarship, took courses in Celtic Studies, archaeology, history and the classical languages, and graduated with an M.A.
Master of Arts (postgraduate)
A Master of Arts from the Latin Magister Artium, is a type of Master's degree awarded by universities in many countries. The M.A. is usually contrasted with the M.S. or M.Sc. degrees...

 in 1953. He was then admitted to the University of Bonn
University of Bonn
The University of Bonn is a public research university located in Bonn, Germany. Founded in its present form in 1818, as the linear successor of earlier academic institutions, the University of Bonn is today one of the leading universities in Germany. The University of Bonn offers a large number...

, Germany, for a Ph.D.
Ph.D.
A Ph.D. is a Doctor of Philosophy, an academic degree.Ph.D. may also refer to:* Ph.D. , a 1980s British group*Piled Higher and Deeper, a web comic strip*PhD: Phantasy Degree, a Korean comic series* PhD Docbook renderer, an XML renderer...

 position and obtained his degree in 1955 for a dissertation on "Das Verbalsystem von Togail Troí (H. 2. 17)". Back in Ireland, he found employment as a radio host on Radio Éireann.

Dublin, Reykjavik and Uppsala

In 1956, Mac Eoin spent a few months working at the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies
Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies
The Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies Dublin, Ireland was established in 1940 by the Taoiseach of the time, Éamon de Valera under the . The Institute consists of 3 schools: The , the and the . The directors of these schools are currently Professor Werner Nahm, Professor Luke Drury and...

 (DIAS), but left for Iceland when he accepted a scholarship to study Icelandic language and literature at the University of Reykjavik. Meanwhile, his position at the Institute was reserved for him, but when in 1957 he returned to Dublin, he obtained a post at the University of Uppsala to teach Celtic Languages and Folklore (1957–1959).

While in Reykjavik, he met his future wife Guðrún Helga ('Gimma') Hallgrímsdóttir. They married in Uppsala in 1959 and had four children.

Dublin and Galway

Mac Eoin returned to Ireland in 1959 to serve as Professor of Irish at St Patrick's Training College, Drumcondra, Dublin. In 1961, he co-founded Studia Hibernica
Studia Hibernica
Studia Hibernica is an annual academic journal for Irish studies, focusing on the wide spectrum of Irish language, literature, history, archaeology and folklore...

, an academic journal for Irish studies published by the College, and for a time served at the editorial board (1961–1965). In the 60s, he also became President of Comhar na Múinteoirí Gaeilge, which had just been founded to promote the use of the Irish language at schools, both as a teaching medium and a subject in itself.

In 1963, Mac Eoin began working again for the Dublin Institute, this time as Assistant Professor. Three year later, he became Professor of Old and Middle Irish and Celtic Philology at University College, Galway, which would become the longest-held position of his career (1966–1994).

Mac Eoin also turned to politics to promote the Irish language. He joined the movement Gluaiseacht Cearta Sibhialta na Gaeltachta in 1969 and by helping to set up local committees in the Gaeltacht
Gaeltacht
is the Irish language word meaning an Irish-speaking region. In Ireland, the Gaeltacht, or an Ghaeltacht, refers individually to any, or collectively to all, of the districts where the government recognises that the Irish language is the predominant language, that is, the vernacular spoken at home...

 area, contributed to the institution of the Údarás na Gaeltachta
Údarás na Gaeltachta
Údarás na Gaeltachta , abbreviated ÚnaG, is a regional state agency which is responsible for the economic, social and cultural development of nominally Irish-speaking regions of the Republic of Ireland...

 in 1979.

The Royal Irish Academy
Royal Irish Academy
The Royal Irish Academy , based in Dublin, is an all-Ireland, independent, academic body that promotes study and excellence in the sciences, humanities and social sciences. It is one of Ireland's premier learned societies and cultural institutions and currently has around 420 Members, elected in...

 made him a member in 1975. As professor in Dublin and Galway, Mac Eoin and his fellow staff members have been responsible for organising a number of national and international conferences, notably the Sixth International Congress of Celtic Studies (1979). He has been visiting professor at a number of German universities, namely those of Bonn
University of Bonn
The University of Bonn is a public research university located in Bonn, Germany. Founded in its present form in 1818, as the linear successor of earlier academic institutions, the University of Bonn is today one of the leading universities in Germany. The University of Bonn offers a large number...

 (1979–80), Freiburg
University of Freiburg
The University of Freiburg , sometimes referred to in English as the Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg, is a public research university located in Freiburg im Breisgau, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.The university was founded in 1457 by the Habsburg dynasty as the...

 (1985) and the Humboldt University of Berlin
Humboldt University of Berlin
The Humboldt University of Berlin is Berlin's oldest university, founded in 1810 as the University of Berlin by the liberal Prussian educational reformer and linguist Wilhelm von Humboldt, whose university model has strongly influenced other European and Western universities...

 (1993). Since the late 80s, he has also been busy organising a programme to foster cooperation between academic institutions in Europe. The number of universities enrolled in this programme, which falls under the Erasmus Programme
Erasmus Programme
The Erasmus Programme , a.k.a. Erasmus Project is a European Union student exchange programme established in 1987...

 of the European Union, has swollen to 22 today.

He retired in 1994, after nearly 30 years of service as Professor in Galway. Gimma, his wife, died in 2007, survived by their children and nine grandchildren. He lives in Barna
Barna
Bearna is a Gaeltacht village west of Galway city in County Galway, Ireland, on the R336 regional road. Once a satellite of Galway city, the village is now rapidly becoming one of its suburbs. Officially the village is regarded as Irish speaking and is therefore a constituent part of the regions...

.

Publications

Mac Eoin's published work includes numerous articles in journals and books (see below). He wrote reviews for journals such as Studia Hibernica, Celtica
Celtica
Celtica: Journal of the School of Celtic Studies is an academic journal devoted to Celtic studies, with particular emphasis on Irish literature, linguistics and placenames. It was founded in 1946 and has since been published by the School of Celtic Studies at the Dublin Institute for Advanced...

, Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie
Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie
Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie ' is an academic journal of Celtic studies, which was founded in 1896 by the German scholars Kuno Meyer and Ludwig Christian Stern and first appeared in 1897. It is the first journal devoted exclusively to Celtic languages and literature and the oldest...

, Arv: Journal of Scandinavian Folklore, Studia Neophilologica, Béaloideas, Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland
Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland
The Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland is a learned society based in Ireland, whose aims are 'to preserve, examine and illustrate all ancient monuments and memorials of the arts, manners and customs of the past, as connected with the antiquities, language, literature and history of Ireland'. ...

, Journal of the Galway Archaeological and Historical Society
Galway Archaeological and Historical Society
The Galway Archaeological and Historical Society was founded on the 21 March 1900, at the Railway Hotel, Galway. It promotes the study of the archaeology and history of the west of Ireland. Since 1900, the Society has published 60 volumes of the Journal of the Galway Archaeological and Historical...

and the Journal of the Thomond Archaeological Society. Mac Eoin has also been involved in editorial work for a number of journals and books, such as Studia Hibernica (volumes 1-5); Hereditas: Essays and Studies presented to Professor Séamus Ó Duilearga
Séamus Ó Duilearga
Séamus Ó Duilearga was an Irish folklorist, professor of folklore at University College Dublin and the founder of the Irish Folklore Commission.-Selected publications:* The Gaelic Storyteller, 1945...

(with Bo Almqvist and Breandán Mac Aodha), Dublin, 1975; Proceedings of the Sixth International Congress of Celtic Studies, Galway, 1979 (with Anders Ahlqvist and Donncha Ó hAodha), Dublin, 1983; Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Minority Languages, (with Anders Ahlqvist and Donncha Ó hAodha), Clevedon, 1986; Celtic Cultures Newsletter (UNESCO
UNESCO
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations...

), Nos. 2-6, Galway; and Cattle in Ancient Ireland, Kilkenny, 1989 (with Etienne Rynne).
  • Das Verbalsystem von Togail Troí. Tübingen: Max Niemeyer Verlag, 1960.
  • "Das Verbalsystem von Togail Troí (H. 2. 17)." Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie
    Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie
    Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie ' is an academic journal of Celtic studies, which was founded in 1896 by the German scholars Kuno Meyer and Ludwig Christian Stern and first appeared in 1897. It is the first journal devoted exclusively to Celtic languages and literature and the oldest...

    28 (1960): pp. 73–136, 149-223
  • "The Date and Authorship of Saltair na Rann
    Saltair na Rann
    The title Saltair na Rann “Psalter of Quatrains” refers to a series of 150 early Middle Irish religious cantos, written in the tenth century. Together they narrate the sacred history of the world, from its creation down to the last days of humanity...

    ." Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie 28 (1960): pp. 51–67.
  • "Dán ar Chogadh na Traoi." Studia Hibernica 1 (1961): pp. 19–54.
  • "Smaointe ar Stair Litríocht na Meán-Ghaeilge." Irisleabhar Mhá Nuad (1961): pp. 39–44
  • "Dán Lochlannach ar Chath Chluain Tairbh." Dóchas 1 (1961): pp. 16–17.
  • "The Invocation of the Forces of Nature in the Loricae." Studia Hibernica 2 (1962): pp. 212–7.
  • "Nóta ar abairtí mar 'Dochtúir is ea Seán'." An tUltach (Feabhra 1962): pp. 12–13.
  • "Some Icelandic loricae." Studia Hibernica 3 (1963): pp. 143–54.
  • "Gleann Bolcáin agus Gleann na nGealt." Béaloideas 30 (1962): pp. 105–20.
  • "On the Legend of the Irish Origin of the Pict
    PICT
    PICT is a graphics file format introduced on the original Apple Macintosh computer as its standard metafile format. It allows the interchange of graphics , and some limited text support, between Mac applications, and was the native graphics format of QuickDraw.The original version, PICT 1, was...

    s." Studia Hibernica 4 (1964): pp. 138–54.
  • "A Poem by Airbertach mac Cosse
    Airbertach mac Cosse
    Airbertach mac Cosse, died 1016, was an Irish poet, lector and later superior of the monastery of Ros Ailithir , on the coast of south-west County Cork...

    ." Ériu
    Ériu (journal)
    Ériu is an academic journal of Irish language studies. It was launched in 1904 as the journal of the School of Irish Learning in Dublin. When the School was incorporated into the Royal Irish Academy in 1926, the Academy continued publication of the journal, in the same format and with the same title...

    20 (1966): pp. 112–139.
  • "Ein Text von Togail Troí." Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie 30 (1967): pp. 42–70.
  • "Mise Raifterí
    Antoine Ó Raifteiri
    Antoine Ó Raifteiri was an Irish language poet who is often called the last of the wandering bards.-Biography:...

    ." Éigse
    Éigse
    Éigse: A Journal of Irish Studies is an academic journal devoted to the study of the Irish language and literature. It started life in 1923 as part of an initiative by the Senate of the National University of Ireland to use the Adam Boyd Simpson Fund for the publication of an Irish studies journal...

    12 (1967): pp. 229–32.
  • Various entries on Irish
    Irish language
    Irish , also known as Irish Gaelic, is a Goidelic language of the Indo-European language family, originating in Ireland and historically spoken by the Irish people. Irish is now spoken as a first language by a minority of Irish people, as well as being a second language of a larger proportion of...

     literature in A New Catholic Encyclopedia. Washington, 1967.
  • "The Mysterious Death of Loegaire macc Néill
    Lóegaire mac Néill
    Lóegaire , also Lóeguire, is said to have been a son of Niall of the Nine Hostages. The Irish annals and king lists include him as a King of Tara or High King of Ireland. He appears as an adversary of Saint Patrick in several hagiographies...

    ." Studia Hibernica 8 (1968): pp. 21–48.
  • "Contemporary Irish Literature." In Brian Ó Cuív
    Brian Ó Cuív
    Brian Ó Cuív was a Celtic scholar who specialised in Irish history and philology.-Life:Ó Cuív was professor of Celtic Studies at University College Dublin and later at the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies. His later years were devoted to the compilation of a catalogue of the Irish manuscripts...

     (ed.), A View of the Irish Language. Dublin, 1969. pp. 57–69.
  • Obituary of Rudolf Hertz, in Lochlann 4 (1969): pp. 304–5.
  • Foreword to facsimile edition of Edward O'Reilly
    Edward O'Reilly
    Edward O'Reilly was an Irish scholar in the first half of the 19th century.His grandfather was Eoghan O'Reilly of Corstown, County Meath. Edward's father moved to Harold's Cross, Dublin, where he practised as an apothecary. Edward was born on 6 December 1765...

    , A Chronological account of nearly Four Hundred Irish Writers. Shannon, 1970.
  • A translation from Icelandic: Gabriel Turville-Petre
    Gabriel Turville-Petre
    Edward Oswald Gabriel Turville-Petre F.B.A. was Professor of Ancient Icelandic Literature and Antiquities at the University of Oxford...

    , "The Poetry of the Scald
    Skald
    The skald was a member of a group of poets, whose courtly poetry is associated with the courts of Scandinavian and Icelandic leaders during the Viking Age, who composed and performed renditions of aspects of what we now characterise as Old Norse poetry .The most prevalent metre of skaldic poetry is...

    s and of the Fili
    Fili
    A fili was a member of an elite class of poets in Ireland, up into the Renaissance, when the Irish class system was dismantled.-Elite scholars:According to the Textbook of Irish Literature, by Eleanor Hull:-Oral tradition:...

    d." Ériu 22 (1971): pp. 1–47. Original article published as "Um dróttkvaeđi og írskan kveđskap." Skírnir 128 (1954): pp. 31–55.
  • "Genitive Forms for Nominative in Irish." Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie 33 (1974): pp. 58–65.
  • "The etymology of Irish coí 'cuckoo'." Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie 33 (1974): p. 66.

  • "An Early Life of Cumaine Fota." In Bo Almqvist, et al. (ed.), Hereditas: Essays and Studies presented to Séamus Ó Duilearga. Dublin, 1975. pp. 192–205.
  • "The Lament for Cumaine Fota." Ériu 28 (1977): pp. 17–31.
  • "The Craggaunowen Crannog
    Crannog
    A crannog is typically a partially or entirely artificial island, usually built in lakes, rivers and estuarine waters of Scotland and Ireland. Crannogs were used as dwellings over five millennia from the European Neolithic Period, to as late as the 17th/early 18th century although in Scotland,...

    : Gangway and Gate-Tower, II. Some literary Evidence on Crannóg Structure." North Munster Antiquarian Journal 20 (1978): pp. 52–56.
  • "Suithchern and Rónán Dícolla", Zeitschrift für celtisch Philologie 36 (1978): pp. 63–82.
  • "Observations on Saltair na Rann
    Saltair na Rann
    The title Saltair na Rann “Psalter of Quatrains” refers to a series of 150 early Middle Irish religious cantos, written in the tenth century. Together they narrate the sacred history of the world, from its creation down to the last days of humanity...

    ." Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie 39 (1982): pp. 1–28.
  • "The Death of the Boys in the Mill." Celtica
    Celtica
    Celtica: Journal of the School of Celtic Studies is an academic journal devoted to Celtic studies, with particular emphasis on Irish literature, linguistics and placenames. It was founded in 1946 and has since been published by the School of Celtic Studies at the Dublin Institute for Advanced...

    15 (1983): pp. 60–64.
  • "Linguistic Contacts in Ireland." In S. Ureland (ed.), Die Leistung der Strataforschung und der Kreolistik: Typologische Aspekte der Sprachkontakte: Akten des 5. Symposiums über Sprachkontakt in Europa. Mannheim and Tübingen, 1982. pp. 227–35.
  • "Treise sa Ghaeilge agus sa Bhéarla." In Seosamh Watson (ed.), Féilscríbhinn Tomás de Bhaldraithe
    Tomás de Bhaldraithe
    Tomás de Bhaldraithe was an Irish language scholar and lexicographer born Thomas MacDonagh Waldron in Limerick. He moved to Dublin with his family at the age of five. He was named after Thomas MacDonagh one of the signatories of the Proclamation of the Irish Republic, who had been executed after...

    . Dublin, 1986. pp. 27–35.
  • "Notes on the Irish terms tlú and tlú garmaint." Ulster Folklife 32 (1986): pp. 33–6.
  • "The Celticity of Celtic Ireland." In Karl Horst Schmidt (ed.), Geschichte und Kultur der Kelten. Heidelberg, 1986. pp. 161–73.
  • "The Decline of the Celtic Languages." In Gordon MacLennan (ed.), Proceedings of the First North American Congress of Celtic Studies. Ottawa, 1988.
  • "Orality and Literacy in some Middle-Irish King-Tales." In Stephen Tranter, et al. Mündlichkeit und Schriftlichkeit in der frühen irischen Literatur. Tübingen, 1989. pp. 149–83.
  • "Irish." In Martin Ball (ed.), The Celtic Languages. London, 1993. pp. 101–44.
  • "The Irish metrical term laíd." In Roland Bielmeier, et al. (ed.), Indogermanica at Caucasica: Festschrift für Karl Horst Schmidt zum 65. Geburtstag. Berlin, 1994. pp. 375–84.
  • "The Interpolator H in Lebor na hUidre
    Lebor na hUidre
    Lebor na hUidre or the Book of the Dun Cow is an Irish vellum manuscript dating to the 12th century. It is the oldest extant manuscript in Irish. It is held in the Royal Irish Academy and is badly damaged: only 67 leaves remain and many of the texts are incomplete...

    ." In J.P. Mallory, et al. (ed.), Ulidia: Proceedings of the First International Conference on the Ulster Cycle
    Ulster Cycle
    The Ulster Cycle , formerly known as the Red Branch Cycle, one of the four great cycles of Irish mythology, is a body of medieval Irish heroic legends and sagas of the traditional heroes of the Ulaid in what is now eastern Ulster and northern Leinster, particularly counties Armagh, Down and...

     of Tales
    . Belfast, 1994. pp. 39–46.
  • "Satire in Middle Irish Literature." In Folke Josephson (ed.), Celts and Vikings: Proceedings of the Fourth Symposium of Societas Celtologica Nordica. Göteborg, 1997. pp. 9–25.

  • "The briugu in early Irish society." Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie 49-50 (1997): pp. 482–93.
  • "Literacy and Cultural Change in Early Ireland." In Christine Ehler, et al. (ed.), Verschriftung und Verschriftlichung: Aspekte des Medienwechsels in verschiedenen Kulturen und Epochen. Tübingen, 1998. pp. 99–131.
  • "Old Irish briugu 'hospitaller' and connected words." Celtica 23 (1999): pp. 169–73.
  • "The original Name of the Viking Settlement at Limerick." In Séamas Ó Catháin (ed.), Northern Lights: Essays in honour of Bo Almqvist. Dublin, 2001. pp. 165–77.
  • "The Four Names of St Patrick." In Michael Richter, et al. (ed.), Ogma: Essays in Celtic Studies in honour of Próinséas Ní Chatháin. Dublin, 2002. pp. 300–11.
  • "Crosántacht Íorónta, a Cúlra agus a hÚdar." In Pádraig Ó Héalaí, et al. (ed.), Téada Dúchais: Aistí in ómós don Ollamh Breandán Ó Madagain. Inverin, 2002. pp. 111–20.
  • "Cár scríobhadh Leabhar na Nuachongbhála
    Book of Leinster
    The Book of Leinster , is a medieval Irish manuscript compiled ca. 1160 and now kept in Trinity College, Dublin, under the shelfmark MS H 2.18...

    ?" In Breandán Ó Conaire (ed.), Aistí ag iompar Scéil: In ómós do Shéamus P. Ó Mórdha. Dublin, 2004. pp. 285–99.
  • "The Suffix –aire in Irish Personal Names." In Bernadette Smelik, et al. (ed.), A Companion in Linguistics: A Festschrift
    Festschrift
    In academia, a Festschrift , is a book honoring a respected person, especially an academic, and presented during his or her lifetime. The term, borrowed from German, could be translated as celebration publication or celebratory writing...

    for Anders Ahlqvist on the occasion of his sixtieth birthday
    . Nijmegen, 2005. pp. 152–6.
  • "Kathleen Mulchrone – Cáit." In Brian Ó Catháin (ed.), Léachtaí Choilm Chille. Maynooth, 2005.
  • Several biographical entries in The Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics. London, 2005.
  • "Irish súgán / English suggane 'hay rope'." In Mícheál Ó Flaithearta (ed.), Proceedings of the conference of Societas Celtologica Nordica. Uppsala, 2007.
  • "On re-reading Carney's Studies in Irish Literature and History." In Ailbhe Ó Corráin and Jan Erik Rekdal, Proceedings of the Eighth Symposium of Societas Nordica-Celtica, Uppsala, 2007. pp. 85–94.
  • "What language was spoken in Ireland before Irish?" In The Celtic Languages in Contact: Papers from the workshop within the Framework of the XIII International Congress of Celtic Studies. Bonn, 26—27 July 2007.


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