Armée de Libération Nationale
Encyclopedia
The Armée de Libération Nationale or ALN (French
, National Liberation Army) was the armed wing of the nationalist Front de Libération National (FLN) during the Algerian War of Independence
. After the independence
of Algeria
from France
in 1962, the ALN was converted into the regular armed forces
of the republic, but its leadership also came to play a prominent role in Algerian politics - as in the 1965 coup d'état
by Col. Houari Boumédiènne.
In 1958, the French army closed the borders of Algeria. The ALN of Tunisia made many attempt to break the morice line but was crushed in all the battles after very heavy fighting. On the Morocco frontier, the situation was the same, so the ALN based in foreign countries never attempted again to break the French lines, leaving the French army destroy the ALN units in Algeria. The consequences were that when independence was granted, the border armies appeared much stronger than the army based in Algeria, not far from destruction after the "plan Challe" (1959-1960).
French language
French is a Romance language spoken as a first language in France, the Romandy region in Switzerland, Wallonia and Brussels in Belgium, Monaco, the regions of Quebec and Acadia in Canada, and by various communities elsewhere. Second-language speakers of French are distributed throughout many parts...
, National Liberation Army) was the armed wing of the nationalist Front de Libération National (FLN) during the Algerian War of Independence
Algerian War of Independence
The Algerian War was a conflict between France and Algerian independence movements from 1954 to 1962, which led to Algeria's gaining its independence from France...
. After the independence
Independence
Independence is a condition of a nation, country, or state in which its residents and population, or some portion thereof, exercise self-government, and usually sovereignty, over its territory....
of Algeria
Algeria
Algeria , officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria , also formally referred to as the Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of Northwest Africa with Algiers as its capital.In terms of land area, it is the largest country in Africa and the Arab...
from France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
in 1962, the ALN was converted into the regular armed forces
Military of Algeria
The People’s National Army is the armed forces of the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria. Algeria has a large and reasonably well-equipped military to counter foreign and domestic threats...
of the republic, but its leadership also came to play a prominent role in Algerian politics - as in the 1965 coup d'état
Coup d'état
A coup d'état state, literally: strike/blow of state)—also known as a coup, putsch, and overthrow—is the sudden, extrajudicial deposition of a government, usually by a small group of the existing state establishment—typically the military—to replace the deposed government with another body; either...
by Col. Houari Boumédiènne.
In 1958, the French army closed the borders of Algeria. The ALN of Tunisia made many attempt to break the morice line but was crushed in all the battles after very heavy fighting. On the Morocco frontier, the situation was the same, so the ALN based in foreign countries never attempted again to break the French lines, leaving the French army destroy the ALN units in Algeria. The consequences were that when independence was granted, the border armies appeared much stronger than the army based in Algeria, not far from destruction after the "plan Challe" (1959-1960).