The 7.63 mm Mannlicher is a centerfire pistol cartridge developed for the Steyr Mannlicher M1901

Steyr Mannlicher M1901

The M1901 Mannlicher Self-Loading, Semi-Automatic Pistol was an early semi-automatic pistol design.-General features:This pistol is one of the most simple of blow-back semi-automatic pistols ever designed. The lockwork is essentially that of an elementary single action revolver...

 pistol. This military pistol was rejected by the Austrian Ministry of War, but was often carried as a private weapon by officers. England

England

England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...

 began manufacturing ammunition when the Mannlicher pistol became popular in South America

South America

South America is a continent situated in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. The continent is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east...

. Germany

Germany

Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...

 began manufacturing ammunition after World War I

World War I

World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...

, but identified the ammunition as 7.65 Mannlicher to differentiate it from the 7.63x25mm Mauser cartridge. This cartridge headspaces on the mouth of the case.