1593 The Vatican opens seven year trial of scholar Giordano Bruno.
1911 The works of Gabriele D'Annunzio placed by the Vatican in the Index of Forbidden Books.
1929 Fascist Italy and the Vatican sign the Lateran Treaty.
1950 Communist Czechoslovakia's ministry of foreign affairs asks nuncios of Vatican to leave the country.
1993 Israel and the Vatican establish diplomatic relations.